Anfragebeantwortung zu Syrien: Aleppo, Kobane: Tötung von Personen mit der ethnischen Zugehörigkeit der Kurd·innen durch Regierungstruppen zwecks Einnahme der Kurdengebiete seit Mitte Jänner 2026; Kriegsverbrechen und Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit gegen kurdische Zivilist·innen im Zuge der militärischen Auseinandersetzung im Jänner 2026 in den Distrikten Manbidsch, Ain al-Arab (Kobane), Tall Abyad und ar-Raqqa [a-12780-2_v2]

3. April 2026

Das vorliegende Dokument beruht auf einer zeitlich begrenzten Recherche in öffentlich zugänglichen Dokumenten, die ACCORD derzeit zur Verfügung stehen, sowie gegebenenfalls auf Auskünften von Expert·innen und wurde in Übereinstimmung mit den Standards von ACCORD und den Common EU Guidelines for processing Country of Origin Information (COI) erstellt.

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Kurzbeschreibungen zu den in dieser Anfragebeantwortung verwendeten Quellen sowie Ausschnitte mit Informationen aus diesen Quellen finden Sie im Anhang.

Bitte beachten Sie, dass die Quellenlage dieser Anfragebeantwortung stark von Berichten der Syrischen Beobachtungsstelle für Menschenrechte (Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, SOHR) geprägt ist. Aus zeitlichen Gründen konnten nicht alle Angaben durch weitere Quellen unabhängig verifiziert werden.

Tötung von Personen mit der ethnischen Zugehörigkeit der Kurd·innen durch Regierungstruppen in Aleppo/Kobane zwecks Einnahme der Kurdengebiete seit Mitte Jänner 2026

Bitte beachten Sie, dass in den folgenden Abschnitten auch Quellen genannt werden, in denen nicht eindeutig feststellbar ist, ob es sich bei den betroffenen Personen um Kurd·innen handelt, da die ethnische Zugehörigkeit in den herangezogenen Quellen nicht durchgehend ausdrücklich angegeben wird. In einigen Berichten lässt sich jedoch aus dem jeweiligen Kontext eine entsprechende Zugehörigkeit als wahrscheinlich oder möglich ableiten. Sofern in den Quellen die ethnische Zugehörigkeit der betroffenen Personen ausdrücklich benannt wird, wird diese auch in der vorliegenden Darstellung entsprechend ausgewiesen.

Die Vierteln Al-Scheich Maksud und Al-Aschrafiyah[1] in der Stadt Aleppo

Die Syrische Beobachtungsstelle für Menschenrechte (Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, SOHR) berichtet Mitte Jänner 2026 von einem Sitzstreik in der Provinz Al-Hasakah, bei dem die Streikenden die Massaker an kurdischen Zivilist·innen in den Vierteln Al-Scheich Maksud und Al-Aschrafiyah in Aleppo verurteilt hätten (SOHR, 14. Jänner 2026).

Laut SOHR sei ebenfalls Mitte Jänner ein Mädchen an den Folgen von Verletzungen verstorben, die sie im Zuge eines Beschusses durch die syrische Übergangsregierung im Viertel Al-Scheich Maksud in Aleppo erlitten habe (SOHR, 17. Jänner 2026).

SOHR berichtet ebenfalls am 26. Jänner, dass vier Zivilist·innen aus den Vierteln Al-Scheich Maksud und Al-Aschrafiyah in Aleppo nach ihrer Festnahme im Zuge der jüngsten militärischen Eskalation unter Folter in Sicherheitsgefängnissen der syrischen Übergangsregierung verstorben seien. Laut SOHR sei es zwischen Beginn der militärischen Eskalation in den Stadtteilen von Aleppo (laut Bericht Anfang Dezember 2025, Anmerkung ACCORD) und der Veröffentlichung des Berichts zu 111 Todesopfern gekommen. Unter den Todesopfern seien 51 Zivilist·innen (darunter 8 Frauen und 6 Kinder), 59 Kämpfer·innen (38 Mitglieder des syrischen Verteidigungsministeriums und 21 Mitglieder der (kurdischen) Inneren Sicherheitskräfte – Asayisch) sowie eine nicht identifizierte Person. SOHR merkt an, dass aufgrund der vollständigen Unterbrechung der Telekommunikations- und Internetdienste viele Menschen vermisst würden und ihr Schicksal ungewiss sei (SOHR, 26. Jänner 2026b).

Laut einem Artikel des New Humanitarian über die Ängste von Jesid·innen und Kurd·innen in Syrien vom 26. Jänner seien bei den beschriebenen Kämpfen in Al-Scheich Maksud und Al-Aschrafiyah mindestens 30 Personen getötet und mehr als 150.000 Personen vertrieben worden (The New Humanitarian, 26. Jänner 2026).

Die Associated Press (AP) berichtet von mindestens 23 Personen und 140.000 Vertriebenen und merkt an, dass die Übergangsregierung Maßnahmen ergriffen habe, um die Zivilbevölkerung zu schützen. Bevor die Armee in die umkämpften Viertel von Aleppo einmarschiert sei, habe sie Korridore für die Zivilbevölkerung zur Flucht geöffnet. Laut einem Bewohner und ehemaligem Mitglied der mit den SDF verbundenen örtlichen Polizei, der mit seiner Familie zunächst geflohen und nach Ende der Kämpfe wieder zurückgekehrt sei, sei es auch nicht zu Racheangriffen durch die Regierungstruppen gekommen (AP, 15. Februar 2026).

Im Gegensatz dazu erklärt Human Rights Watch (HRW) in einem Beitrag vom 25. Jänner, dass die syrische Übergangsregierung in Aleppo zwar humanitäre Korridore eingerichtet habe, um Zivilist·innen die Flucht zu ermöglichen, doch hätten Anwohner·innen berichtet, dass diese Korridore von Scharfschützen angegriffen und von beiden Seiten beschossen worden seien (HRW, 25. Jänner 2026). SOHR berichtet Ende Jänner von Zeugenaussagen aus Al-Scheich Maksud, die Vergeltungsmaßnahmen gegen die kurdische Gemeinde der Gegend beschrieben hätten. Laut einem Augenzeugen habe eine bewaffnete Person eine Handgranate in ein ziviles Fahrzeug geworden und dabei mehrere Zivilist·innen getötet. Weiters sei ein junger Mann in der Nähe der Yassin-Schule sieben Mal angeschossen worden. Seine Mutter habe ihn in ein Krankenhaus gebracht. Anschließend habe eine bewaffnete Gruppe der Übergangsregierung das Krankenhaus gestürmt, den Mann entführt und an einen unbekannten Ort gebracht (SOHR, 29. Jänner 2026a).

Kobane (Ain al-Arab)

Der oben genannte Artikel des New Humanitarian beschreibt weiters, dass während einer am 24. Jänner verlängerten Waffenruhe Dörfer westlich von Kobane attackiert und vier Menschen (darunter ein Kind) getötet worden seien (The New Humanitarian, 26. Jänner 2026).

Laut SOHR sei am 25. Jänner bei einem Artilleriebeschuss des Dorfes Al-Qasimiya im Umland von Kobane ein Kind getötet und drei weitere seien verletzt worden. Die Granaten seien von Stellungen der Übergangsregierungstruppen im Osten der Provinz Aleppo abgefeuert worden (SOHR, 25. Jänner 2026). Kurdistan 24 schreibt in seinem Artikel, dass es sich bei dem Kind um ein/e Kurd·in und bei den Verletzten um Zivilist·innen gehandelt habe (Kurdistan 24, 25. Jänner 2026).

Am Tag darauf sei eine ältere Frau in Sharbany, einem kurdischen Dorf südöstlich von Kobane, durch Artilleriebeschuss von Fraktionen der syrischen Übergangsregierung getötet worden. Laut SOHR-Quellen seien Granaten direkt auf das Haus der Frau abgefeuert worden (SOHR, 26. Jänner 2026a).

The New Region berichtet am 26. Jänner, dass laut den SDF bei einem Angriff von mit Damaskus verbündeten Gruppierungen in einem Dorf am südöstlichen Stadtrand von Kobane fünf Zvilist·innen (darunter mindestens zwei Kinder) einer Familie getötet und fünf weitere verletzt worden seien. Das Haus der Familie sei vollständig zerstört worden (The New Region, 26. Jänner 2026).

Kurdistan 24 berichtet am 27. Jänner, dass eine Koalition von fünf Menschenrechtsorganisationen eine Stellungnahme veröffentlicht habe, in der sie der Armee der syrischen Übergangsregierung während einer vereinbarten Waffenruhe systematische Massaker an Zivilist·innen in Dörfern um die Stadt Kobane vorwerfen würde. Regierungstreue Gruppen hätten mittlere und schwere Waffen eingesetzt, um wahllos auf Wohngebiete zu feuern und hätten systematische Hausdurchsuchungen durchgeführt. Die Menschenrechtsorganisationen hätten die Identitäten mehrerer Opfer der Angriffe bekannt gegeben und bestätigt, dass es sich dabei um Zivilist·innen handle, darunter eine beträchtliche Anzahl von Frauen und Kindern (Kurdistan 24, 27. Jänner 2026).

SOHR berichtet in der zweiten Februarhälfte, dass es in den mehrheitlich von Kurd·innen bewohnten Gebieten Nordsyriens zu einer alarmierenden Eskalation der Menschenrechtsverletzungen durch Regierungstruppen und mit ihnen verbündeten bewaffneten Gruppen gekommen sei. Lokale Quellen aus dem Dorf Khan Mamat in der Region Kobane hätten berichtet, dass die Leiche eines jungen Mannes über zwei Wochen mitten im Dorf gelegen sei und Kämpfer eine Beerdigung verhindert hätten. Diesem Vorfall sei ein verbaler Streit zwischen dem jungen Mann und Kämpfern vorausgegangen. In diesem Zusammenhang hätten Angehörige der Regierungstruppen und mit ihnen verbundene Bewaffnete im Dorf auf vier Zivilist·innen in einem Haus geschossen, bevor sie das Gebäude mit den Opfern darin zerstört hätten und Einwohner·innen daran gehindert hätten, sich dem Ort zu nähern und die Opfer zu retten (SOHR, 21. Februar 2026).

Weitere Informationen zu Kobane finden Sie im folgenden Unterkapitel.

Kriegsverbrechen und Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit gegen kurdische Zivilist·innen im Zuge der militärischen Auseinandersetzung im Jänner 2026 in den Distrikten Manbidsch, Kobane (Ain al-Arab), Tall Abyad und ar-Raqqa

HRW erklärt in seinem Beitrag vom 25. Jänner, dass es scheine, als hätten beide Konfliktparteien gegen internationales Recht verstoßen. Die Bevölkerung in den Provinzen Aleppo und al-Hasakah hätte während der Kämpfe mehrere Tage lang keinen Zugang zu Strom und Wasser gehabt. Laut Einwohner·innen von Kobane seien sie mit 21. Jänner bereits vier Tage lang ohne Strom und Wasser gewesen. Weiters gebe es Videos, die vermutlich syrische Sicherheitskräfte bei der Festnahme Dutzender kurdischer Einwohner·innen in Aleppo zeigen würden. Laut den SDF handle es sich bei den Festgenommenen um Zivilist·innen, während die syrische Übergangsbehörde von Kämpfer·innen spräche. Laut der Organisation Syrians for Truth and Justice und der kurdischen Anwaltsvereinigung hätten Dutzende der Festgenommenen den Kontakt zu ihren Angehörigen verloren, und ihr Aufenthaltsort sei unbekannt. HRW habe die Situation nicht verifizieren können. Der Beitrag gibt außerdem an, dass beide Seiten sich gegenseitig außergerichtlicher Tötungen beschuldigen würden. In einem nicht von HRW verifizierten Video vom 10. Jänner würden Kämpfer, die Berichten zufolge mit den Übergangsbehörden verbunden seien, den Körper einer Frau - angeblich einer kurdischen Kämpferin - von einem Gebäude werfen. HRW erklärt, dass die Schändung von Leichen gegen das Kriegsrecht verstoße, und dass es unklar sei, ob die Frau noch am Leben gewesen sei (HRW, 25. Jänner 2026). Genocide Watch schreibt von der Tötung der kurdischen Kämpferin Denîz Ciya, die nach ihrer Gefangennahme in Aleppo von einem hohen Gebäude gestürzt worden sei (Genocide Watch, 27. Jänner 2026).

Die European Association of Lawyers for Democracy and World Human Rights (ELDH) veröffentlicht im Jänner eine Erklärung, in der sie tiefe Besorgnis über erneute und eskalierende Angriffe auf die kurdische Bevölkerung in Nord- und Ostsyrien unter Beteiligung oder in Zusammenarbeit mit der syrischen Übergangsregierung und bewaffneten dschihadistischen Gruppen zum Ausdruck bringt. Diese Angriffe würden schwere Verstöße gegen das humanitäre Völkerrecht und die internationalen Menschenrechte darstellen, wie das wahllose Töten von Zivilist·innen, Vertreibung, demografische Veränderungen, außergerichtliche Hinrichtungen, Folter, sexuelle und geschlechtsspezifische Gewalt, Entführungen und die systematische Zerstörung ziviler Infrastruktur. Die vorsätzliche Vorenthaltung von Wasser, Strom, Nahrungsmitteln, medizinischer Versorgung und Kommunikationsmitteln verschärfe laut ELDH die humanitäre Krise zusätzlich (ELDH, Jänner 2026).

SOHR berichtet Ende Jänner, dass es in Nord- und Ostsyrien zu konfessionell motivierten (sectarian-based) Angriffen komme, bei denen mehrere kurdische Zivilist·innen getötet worden seien (SOHR, 29. Jänner 2026b).

Das europäische Parlament schreibt in einem Beitrag zur Lage in Nordostsyrien vom Februar, dass außergerichtliche Tötungen, Verschwindenlassen, willkürliche Inhaftierungen, Vertreibungen und Angriffe auf zivile Infrastruktur schwere Verstöße gegen das humanitäre Völkerrecht und in einigen Fällen Kriegsverbrechen darstellen könnten. Jüngste Übergriffe, insbesondere gegen die kurdische Bevölkerung würden die Schändung von Leichen, die Zerstörung von Friedhöfen und den Einsatz ungelenkter Munition in zivilen Gebieten inkludieren (European Parliament, 12. Februar 2026).

Bitte beachten Sie, dass die in den folgenden Quellen zur Situation in Ar-Raqqa und Kobane beschriebenen Vorfälle nicht ausdrücklich als Kriegsverbrechen oder Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit bezeichnet werden. Die nachfolgende Auflistung stellt daher keine rechtliche Bewertung dar, sondern dient ausschließlich der Zusammenstellung von Berichten über Gewalthandlungen gegen Zivilpersonen – darunter möglicherweise auch kurdische Zivilpersonen – im Kontext der militärischen Auseinandersetzungen in den genannten Gebieten. In den Quellen ist die ethnische Zugehörigkeit der Betroffenen nicht in allen Fällen eindeutig angegeben.

Ar-Raqqa

Aktivist·innen der SOHR hätten laut einem Beitrag vom 19. Jänner in der Stadt ar-Raqqa zahlreiche religiös motivierten und aus Rache begangenen Morden dokumentiert, die sich sowohl gegen Araber·innen und Kurd·innen gerichtet hätten, die in Sicherheits- und zivilen Institutionen der Autonomen Verwaltung gearbeitet hätten, als auch gegen Kämpfer·innen der SDF (SOHR, 19. Jänner 2026). Am 18. Jänner sei ein junger Mann aus Afrin in ar-Raqqa nach dem Rückzug der SDF festgenommen worden. Er sei direkt erschossen und sein Leichnam verstümmelt worden. Die Streitkräfte der Übergangsregierung hätten ihm das linke Ohr abgeschnitten und ihm in den Hinterkopf gestochen, bevor sie ihn getötet hätten. Anschließend seien sie mit einem Panzer über die Leiche gefahren (SOHR, 4. Februar 2026). Am Tag darauf sei ein 15-jähriger Junge von Mitgliedern der Übergangsregierung auf der Straße zwischen ar-Raqqa und Kobane erschossen worden. SOHR stufe diesen Vorfall als außergerichtliche Tötung ein (SOHR, 26. Jänner 2026c). Ebenfalls am 19. Jänner sei eine 22-jährige Kurdin beim Versuch aus ar-Raqqa zu fliehen von syrischen Truppen exekutiert worden. Ihr Leichnam sei verstümmelt worden. Als die Familie die Behörden für die Herausgabe des Leichnams kontaktierte, sei ihr Vater festgenommen worden. Die Behörden der Übergangsregierung würden circa 1.000 US-Dollar für die Herausgabe des Leichnams verlangen (SOHR, 2. Februar 2026). Weiters sei zur selben Zeit ein junger Mann von Truppen der Übergangsregierung und deren Verbündeten getötet worden, als er versucht habe, vor der militärischen Eskalation in der Stadt ar-Raqqa zu fliehen. Er sei erschossen und anschließend enthauptet worden (SOHR, 29. Jänner 2026b). SOHR berichtet am 21. Jänner von der Hinrichtung von vier jungen Kurden in der Stadt ar-Raqqa durch bewaffnete Stammesangehörige während einer Operation in Koordination mit Truppen der Übergangsregierung. Der Vorfall habe die Zivilbevölkerung schockiert (SOHR, 21. Jänner 2026). Am Tag darauf hätten mit der Übergangsregierung verbündete Gruppierungen auf der Straße zwischen ar-Raqqa und al-Hasaka das Feuer auf eine Familie eröffnet, die vor den Kämpfen in der Stadt ar-Raqqa geflohen seien, nachdem sie die Familie angehalten und gefragt hätten, ob sie Kurd·innen oder Araber·innen seien. Sechs Mitglieder der Familie (darunter eine Frau und zwei Kinder) seien verstorben und sechs weitere (darunter eine Frau und vier Kinder) seien verletzt worden (SOHR, 26. Jänner 2026d). Am 23. Jänner berichtet SOHR von der Tötung von jungen Männern durch eine der Übergangsregierung nahestehenden Gruppe in der Stadt Al-Tabqah (Provinz ar-Raqqa). Die Leichen der Männer seien verbrannt worden. SOHR nennt dieses Vorgehen in ihrem Beitrag einen Verstoß gegen das humanitäre Völkerrecht (SOHR, 23. Jänner 2026b).

SOHR berichtet im Februar, dass es sowohl in der Provinz ar-Raqqa wie auch im südöstlichen Umland von Kobane zu Plünderungen von Häusern vertriebener kurdischer Familien durch Mitglieder der Übergangsregierung und anderen Gruppierungen gekommen sei (SOHR, 9. Februar 2026).

Kobane (Ain al-Arab)

Ebenfalls im Jänner 2026 sei die Stadt Kobane durch Angriffe von Gruppierungen der Übergangsregierung auf das Umland der Stadt belagert gewesen. Die humanitäre Lage in der Stadt habe sich laut lokalen Quellen von SOHR rapide verschlechtert. Es herrsche ein akuter Mangel an Nahrungsmitteln und Medikamenten, und die Strom- und Wasserversorgung sei seit Beginn der Kämpfe unterbrochen (SOHR, 22. Jänner 2026; siehe auch: Genocide Watch, 27. Jänner 2026). Am 23. Jänner berichtet SOHR, dass die humanitären und medizinischen Bereiche aufgrund der Blockade aller Zufahrtswege zur Stadt nahezu vollständig lahmgelegt seien. Dies führe zu einem völligen Mangel an Heizmaterialien und einer gravierenden Knappheit an Nahrungsmitteln und medizinischen Gütern (SOHR, 23. Jänner 2026a; siehe auch: Al-Hurra, 26. Jänner 2026). Am Tag darauf habe ein Arzt/eine Ärztin des Al-Amal-Krankenhauses von Kobane den Tod von vier Kindern infolge von Dehydrierung durch Unterernährung und extreme Kälte bestätigt. Zudem seien mehrere Neugeborene während der Geburt aufgrund von Stromausfällen verstorben. In der Stadt herrsche außerdem ein akuter Mangel an Säuglingsnahrung (SOHR, 24. Jänner 2026a; siehe auch: Al-Hurra, 26. Jänner 2026; Genocide Watch, 27. Jänner 2026). Am selben Tag sei ein weiteres Kind aufgrund der problematischen humanitären Bedingungen in der Stadt verstorben (SOHR, 24. Jänner 2026b) und SOHR berichtet ein weiteres Mal von akuten Engpässen bei Lebensmitteln und anderen lebensnotwenigen Gütern aufgrund der Sperre der Zufahrtsstraßen. Bewohner·innen seien gezwungen, Schnee zu sammeln und zu schmelzen, um Trinkwasser zu gewinnen (SOHR, 24. Jänner 2026c; siehe auch: Genocide Watch, 27. Jänner 2026). SOHR bestätigt, dass die Belagerung der Stadt durch Truppen der Übergangsregierung mit Ende Jänner fortgesetzt werde (SOHR, 31. Jänner 2026b).

Al-Hurra berichtet zur selben Zeit, dass neben der Belagerung der Stadt Kobane und trotz der angekündigten Verlängerung einer Waffenruhe, regierungsnahe Gruppierungen weiterhin Dörfer und Städte um Kobane beschießen würden. Der Artikel beschreibt die Vertreibung zahlreicher Bewohner·innen aus der Umgebung von Aleppo, sowie Städten in al-Hasakah, ar-Raqqa und Tabqa. Viele Vertrieben hätten berichtet, auf der Flucht vor Regierungstruppen unter Beschuss durch direktes Scharfschützenfeuer, Querschläger oder Hinterhalte regierungstreuer Stammeskämpfer gekommen zu sein. Laut einer Familie seien sieben ihrer Mitglieder auf einem Feld hingerichtet worden (Al-Hurra, 26. Jänner 2026).

Laut SOHR hätten sich die Streitkräfte der Übergangsregierung Ende Jänner aus einigen Dörfern im südlichen Umland von Kobane zurückgezogen. Im Zuge dieses Rückzugs hätten die Streitkräfte systematisch Häuser geplündert und Möbel, elektronische Geräte, landwirtschaftliche Maschinen und Vieh entwendet (SOHR, 31. Jänner 2026a; siehe auch: SOHR, 21. Februar 2026; SOHR, 3. März 2026).

Es konnten keine spezifischen Informationen zu Kriegsverbrechen oder Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit gegen kurdische Zivilist·innen im Zuge der militärischen Auseinandersetzung in den Distrikten Manbidsch und Tall Abyad im Jänner 2026 gefunden werden. Dies bedeutet nicht notwendigerweise, dass sie nicht stattgefunden haben.

Allgemeine Informationen über die Entwicklungen rund um die kurdisch-geführten Gebiete in Syrien im Jänner und Februar 2026 finden Sie in folgender Informationssammlung von ACCORD:

·      ACCORD – Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation: Syrien, Arabische Republik - Informationssammlung zu Entwicklungen um die SDF und kurdische Gebiete, 12. März 2026
https://www.ecoi.net/de/laender/arabische-republik-syrien/themendossiers/informationssammlung-zu-entwicklungen-um-die-sdf-und-kurdische-gebiete/

Quellen: (Zugriff auf alle Quellen am 3. April 2026)

·      ACCORD – Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation: Syrien, Arabische Republik - Informationssammlung zu Entwicklungen um die SDF und kurdische Gebiete, 12. März 2026
https://www.ecoi.net/de/laender/arabische-republik-syrien/themendossiers/informationssammlung-zu-entwicklungen-um-die-sdf-und-kurdische-gebiete/

·      Al-Hurra: Kobani Under Siege: Overcrowded Hospitals and Treatment Without Medicine, 26. Jänner 2026
https://alhurra.com/en/11522

·      AP – Associated Press: A Kurdish-majority neighborhood in Syria recovers from clashes with hope for the future, 15. Februar 2026
https://apnews.com/article/syria-kurds-aleppo-sdf-neighborhood-a44dfe5f833544f6dec1e9f0ceac7653

·      ELDH – European Association of Lawyers for Democracy and World Human Rights: ELDH Statement: On the escalating violations of international law and the threat to Kurdish population in North and East Syria (Rojava), Jänner 2026
https://eldh.eu/2026/01/eldh-statement-on-the-escalating-violations-of-international-law-and-the-threat-to-kurdish-population-in-north-and-east-syria-rojava/

·      European Parliament: Violence in north-east Syria may amount to war crimes, warn MEPs, 12. Februar 2026
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20260205IPR33627/violence-in-north-east-syria-may-amount-to-war-crimes-warn-meps

·      Genocide Watch: Genocide Emergency: Rojava and Northern Syria, 27. Jänner 2026
https://www.genocidewatch.com/single-post/genocide-emergency-rojava-and-northern-syria

·      HRW – Human Rights Watch: Syria: Civilian Protection Lacking in Northeast Escalation, 25. Jänner 2026
https://www.hrw.org/news/2026/01/25/syria-civilian-protection-lacking-in-northeast-escalation

·      Kurdistan 24: Kurdish Child Killed in Syrian Army Shelling West of Kobani, 25. Jänner 2026
https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/889846/kurdish-child-killed-in-syrian-army-shelling-west-of-kobani

·      Kurdistan 24: Rights Groups Reported Civilian Massacres in Rojava Despite Stated Ceasefire, 27. Jänner 2026
https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/890208/rights-groups-reported-civilian-massacres-in-rojava-despite-stated-ceasefire

·      New Humanitarian (The): Fear and uncertainty for Yazidis and Kurds in Syria amid government advances, 26. Jänner 2026
https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news-feature/2026/01/26/fear-and-uncertainty-yazidis-and-kurds-syria-amid-government-advances

·      New Region (The): Five killed in Damascus shelling of Kobane countryside, 26. Jänner 2026
https://thenewregion.com/posts/4394

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Condemning massacres against the Kurds in Aleppo | Sit-in tent staged in front of Qasrak base in Al-Hasakah countryside, 14. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376363/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Affected by her injuries | Girl di*es after being hit by shell shrapnel in Al-Sheikh Maqsoud neighbourhood, 17. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376531/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Sectarian and retaliatory-based assass*inations in Al-Raqqah and efforts to evacuate injured people and bodies, amid congestion in hospitals, 19. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376590/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Al-Raqqa | Four “Kurdish” young men exec*uted by armed tribesmen and Interim Government forces, 21. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376697/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Kobani under complete siege | Concerns grow over potential massacres and interruption of telecommunication service warns of humanitarian disaster, 22. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376709/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Kobani under siege from four directions | Hundreds of families displaced from rural areas to open without protection from cold amid ongoing military attacks on countryside, 23. Jänner 2026a
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376741/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Al-Raqqah | Members of group affiliated with government forces commit war crime and burn bodies of three young men in Al-Tabqah, 23. Jänner 2026b
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376735/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Four children die due to dehydration, malnutrition and power outages in Kobani hospitals, 24. Jänner 2026a
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376752/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Kobani under siege | Five children di*e of severe cold and malnutrition, 24. Jänner 2026b
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376801/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Food shortages, loss of basic services and ongoing siege | Humanitarian catastrophe threatens civilians’ live in Kobani, 24. Jänner 2026c
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376794/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Military victims | Child kil*led and three injured under shelling by Interim Government forces on Kobani, 25. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376844/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Military escalation | Elder woman kil*led under shelling by factions of Syrian Interim Government in Kobani, 26. Jänner 2026a
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376899/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Following attacks on Sheikh Maqsoud and Al-Ashrafiyah | Four civilians die under torture in security centres of transitional government, 26. Jänner 2026b
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376886/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Al-Raqqah | Boy executed by members of factions affiliated with the caretaker government on Al-Raqqah- Kobani road, 26. Jänner 2026c
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376879/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Death toll update | Civilian dies of his wounds bringing the number of fatalities from massacre on Al-Raqqah-Al-Hasakah highway to six, 26. Jänner 2026d
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376869/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Bodies under rubble and extrajudicial executions | SOHR discloses atrocities committed against civilians in Sheikh Maqsoud during January’s clashes, 29. Jänner 2026a
https://www.syriahr.com/en/378079/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Attempted to flee from military escalation in Al-Raqqah | Young man from Afrin beheaded by transitional government forces, 29. Jänner 2026b
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377081/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Wide-range robberies | Forces of Syrian Interim Government withdraw from two villages in Aleppo, 31. Jänner 2026a
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377150/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Amid tense calm | Limited ceasefire violations coincide with ongoing stifling siege on Kobani, 31. Jänner 2026b
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377108/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Kurdish woman brutal execution | Father detained, and body withheld for ransom, 2. Februar 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377250/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: After being arrested | A young man from Afrin kil*led and his body mutilated by members of Ministry of Defence in Al-Raqqa, 4. Februar 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377349/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Amid media blackout | Hundreds of displaced Kurdish families’ houses looted in Al-Raqqah and Kobani, 9. Februar 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377494/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Kobani | Serious violations committed in countryside, 21. Februar 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/378118/

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Pictures showing IS*IS slogans | Armed factions rob and vandalize properties of Kurdish civilians in villages south of Kobani, 3. März 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/378711/


 

Anhang: Quellenbeschreibungen und Informationen aus ausgewählten Quellen

Al-Hurra ist ein von US-Behörden finanzierter, arabischsprachiger Fernsehsender.

·      Al-Hurra: Kobani Under Siege: Overcrowded Hospitals and Treatment Without Medicine, 26. Jänner 2026
https://alhurra.com/en/11522

„Factions affiliated with the Syrian government have been besieging the city of Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) from the east, west, and south for about ten days, while the Turkish army has tightened its siege from the north.

Despite the two sides announcing an extension of the truce last Saturday for 15 days, clashes have not stopped. Government-affiliated factions have continued to shell villages and towns surrounding Ayn al-Arab with heavy artillery and drones, according to information obtained by Alhurra from independent Syrian activists in the city. […]

Lawyer Mustafa Sheikh Muslim describes conditions in Kobani as catastrophic. He told Alhurra that ‘markets are almost empty of most food items and essential medicines, especially diabetes and heart medications, and the city has been without water or electricity for more than a week.’ […]

The city centers of Qamishli, Hasakah, and Kobani are witnessing the displacement of large numbers of residents fleeing the shelling in the Aleppo countryside, Hasakah towns, Raqqa, and Tabqa. […]

Many displaced people say they came under fire while fleeing from Syrian government factions, whether through direct sniper fire, stray bullets, or ambushes by pro-government tribal fighters—as happened to one family whose seven members were summarily executed in the field, according to his account.

For her part, Hadiya Abdullah, co-chair of the Kurdish Red Crescent, pointed out that difficult conditions resulting from the war, continued shelling, and falling temperatures have prevented sheltering displaced people in camps or establishing new camps inside the cities to which they fled. As a result, they have been housed in schools and mosques. […]

She also noted that four children have died in recent days in Kobani due to low temperatures and a lack of medicines.“ (Al-Hurra, 26. Jänner 2026)

Associated Press (AP) ist eine Nachrichtenagentur mit Sitz in New York.

·      AP – Associated Press: A Kurdish-majority neighborhood in Syria recovers from clashes with hope for the future, 15. Februar 2026
https://apnews.com/article/syria-kurds-aleppo-sdf-neighborhood-a44dfe5f833544f6dec1e9f0ceac7653

„The clashes broke out Jan. 6 in the predominantly Kurdish neighborhoods of Sheikh Maqsoud, Achrafieh and Bani Zaid after the government and the SDF [Syrian Democratic Forces] reached an impasse in talks on how to merge Syria’s largest remaining armed group into the national army. Security forces captured the neighborhoods after several days of intense fighting during which at least 23 people were killed and more than 140,000 people displaced.

However, Syria’s new government took measures to avoid civilians being harmed, unlike during previous outbreaks of violence between its forces and other groups on the coast and in the southern province of Sweida, during which hundreds of civilians from the Alawite and Druze religious minorities were killed in sectarian revenge attacks.

Before entering the contested Aleppo neighborhoods, the Syrian army opened corridors for civilians to flee.

Ali Sheikh Ahmad, a former member of the SDF-affiliated local police force who runs a secondhand clothing shop in Sheikh Maqsoud, was among those who left. He and his family returned a few days after the fighting stopped.

At first, he said, residents were afraid of revenge attacks after Kurdish forces withdrew and handed over the neighborhood to government forces. But that has not happened.“ (AP, 15. Februar 2026)

Die European Association of Lawyers for Democracy and World Human Rights (ELDH) ist eine gemeinnützige Organisation, die Jurist·innen aus 22 europäischen Ländern vereint, um Menschenrechte, Demokratie und Völkerrecht zu verteidigen.

·      ELDH – European Association of Lawyers for Democracy and World Human Rights: ELDH Statement: On the escalating violations of international law and the threat to Kurdish population in North and East Syria (Rojava), Jänner 2026
https://eldh.eu/2026/01/eldh-statement-on-the-escalating-violations-of-international-law-and-the-threat-to-kurdish-population-in-north-and-east-syria-rojava/

„The European Association of Lawyers for Democracy and World Human Rights (ELDH) expresses its grave concern over the renewed and escalating attacks against Kurdish populations in North and East Syria (Rojava). These attacks constitute serious violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law and place entire communities at imminent risk.

Since early January 2026, large-scale military operations have targeted Kurdish population and other communities living in Rojava, following a broader pattern of mass violence across Syria, including massacres committed against Arab Alawite civilians in December 2024 and against the Druze population in Suwayda. This escalation risks plunging Syria into renewed large-scale civil conflict.

Credible reports indicate that these attacks have been carried out with the involvement or cooperation of the Syrian Transitional Government and armed jihadist groups. […]

Reliable sources document acts that may amount to crimes against humanity and war crimes, including indiscriminate killings of civilians, forced displacement, demographic alteration, extrajudicial executions, torture, sexual and gender-based violence, abductions, and the systematic destruction of civilian infrastructure. The deliberate deprivation of water, electricity, food, medical supplies, and communications further exacerbates the humanitarian crisis.“ (ELDH, Jänner 2026)

European Parliament ist das europäische Parlament.

·      European Parliament: Violence in north-east Syria may amount to war crimes, warn MEPs, 12. Februar 2026
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20260205IPR33627/violence-in-north-east-syria-may-amount-to-war-crimes-warn-meps

„In a resolution on the situation in north-east Syria, MEPs [Members of European Parliament] stress that extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearances, arbitrary detention, forced displacement and attacks on civilian infrastructure may amount to serious violations of international humanitarian law and, in some cases, to war crimes. They cite credible reports, from the United Nations and non-governmental organisations, of recent abuses, particularly against the Kurdish population, including desecration of corpses, vandalised burial grounds and the use of unguided munitions in civilian areas.“ (European Parliament, 12. Februar 2026)

Genocide Watch ist eine gemeinnützige Organisation zur Vorhersage, Verhinderung und Bestrafung von Völkermorden.

·      Genocide Watch: Genocide Emergency: Rojava and Northern Syria, 27. Jänner 2026
https://www.genocidewatch.com/single-post/genocide-emergency-rojava-and-northern-syria

„Since mid-January 2026, forces of the Syrian transitional government, joined by allied local tribal militias, have engaged in siege tactics, spreading terror, and mass displacement. The government forces are attacking the very conditions needed for Kurdish survival, through cuts to water and electricity, food scarcity, blocked access routes, displacement, violence and humiliation. We are witnessing a convergence of destruction and destabilization from multiple directions.

Kobani is a symbol of Kurdish resistance, the city where the Kurds were besieged by the Islamic State (ISIS) and triumphed. Today that same city is being pushed towards collapse.

People have been melting snow to drink water. Four Kurdish children have died from cold exposure as the siege by government forces tightens, according to the Kurdish Red Crescent. A statement from the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) describes Kobani as cut off, with civilians facing growing shortages. […]

One of the most brutal acts documented in this escalation was the killing of the Kurdish woman fighter Denîz Ciya, who was thrown from a high building in Aleppo after being captured.“ (Genocide Watch, 27. Jänner 2026)

Human Rights Watch (HRW) ist eine internationale Nichtregierungsorganisation mit Sitz in New York City, die sich für den weltweiten Schutz der Menschenrechte einsetzt.

·      HRW – Human Rights Watch: Syria: Civilian Protection Lacking in Northeast Escalation, 25. Jänner 2026
https://www.hrw.org/news/2026/01/25/syria-civilian-protection-lacking-in-northeast-escalation

„Both parties appear to have committed abuses that violate international law in the current escalation, Human Rights Watch said. […]

The Syrian government has provided so-called humanitarian corridors in Aleppo to allow civilians to flee. However, two residents told Human Rights Watch that the passages were attacked by snipers and affected by shelling from both sides. […]

Human Rights Watch has received credible reports that people in Aleppo and al-Hasakah had no access to electricity or water for several days during the clashes. One Kobane resident said on January 21 that they had no access to water or electricity for four days, since the transitional authorities took control of the Tishreen Dam. Another Aleppo resident said that when clashes occurred, the electricity was cut off. The weaponization of water and electricity in ways that disproportionately impact civilians is a war crime, Human Rights Watch said.

Videos reportedly showing Syrian security forces arresting dozens of Kurdish residents in Aleppo began circulating online on January 10. While the SDF [Syrian Democratic Forces] claim these are civilians, Syrian transitional authorities claim they are fighters. According to Syrians for Truth and Justice and the Kurdish Lawyers’ Union, dozens have lost contact with their relatives and their whereabouts remain unknown. Human Rights Watch has not been able to verify the situation or affiliation of those taken. […]

Both parties have exchanged allegations of extrajudicial killings. […]

In another video, posted online on January 10, fighters reportedly affiliated with the transitional authorities throw a body, reportedly of a female fighter, from a building in Aleppo as the man filming the scene says: ‘God is great.’ It is unclear whether she was alive when thrown from the building. Desecration of bodies violates the laws of war. Human Rights Watch has not verified these videos.“ (HRW, 25. Jänner 2026)

Kurdistan 24 ist ein in der Autonomen Region Kurdistan (Irak) ansässiger Nachrichtensender.

·      Kurdistan 24: Kurdish Child Killed in Syrian Army Shelling West of Kobani, 25. Jänner 2026
https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/889846/kurdish-child-killed-in-syrian-army-shelling-west-of-kobani

„The SDF [Syrian Democratic Forces] says a Kurdish child was killed and three civilians wounded by shelling from Damascus-affiliated forces west of Kobani, only hours after a fifteen-day ceasefire extension was announced.“ (Kurdistan 24, 25. Jänner 2026)

·      Kurdistan 24: Rights Groups Reported Civilian Massacres in Rojava Despite Stated Ceasefire, 27. Jänner 2026
https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/890208/rights-groups-reported-civilian-massacres-in-rojava-despite-stated-ceasefire

„A coalition of five prominent human rights organizations on Monday issued an urgent statement alleging that Syrian Arab Army units have committed systematic massacres against civilians in villages surrounding the city of Kobani over the past 24 hours.

The reported atrocities occurred despite the formal announcement of a regional ceasefire, representing what monitors described as a dangerous contempt for international legal obligations during a volatile phase of the Syrian conflict.

The Kurdish Network for Human Rights in Syria, in partnership with the MAF [Mission Aviation Fellowship] Organization, the ‘Rasid’ Kurdish Committee, the Rwanga Observatory, and the DAD Organization, reported that Damascus-affiliated forces launched a series of assaults on the villages of Kharab Ashk, Shahrabaniya, and Qasimiya.

According to the coalition’s findings, government-aligned groups utilized heavy and medium weaponry to open indiscriminate fire on residential areas and conducted systematic home raids.

The human rights organizations disclosed the identities of several victims killed in the attacks, confirming that all were civilians, including a significant number of women and children.“ (Kurdistan 24, 27. Jänner 2026)

The New Humanitarian, ehemals Teil des Büros der Vereinten Nationen zur Koordinierung der humanitären Hilfe (UNOCHA) und unter der Bezeichnung IRIN bekannt, ist eine institutionell unabhängige Nachrichtenagentur, die schwerpunktmäßig über Krisen berichtet und sich für eine Verbesserung humanitärer Hilfsmaßnahmen einsetzt.

·      New Humanitarian (The): Fear and uncertainty for Yazidis and Kurds in Syria amid government advances, 26. Jänner 2026
https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news-feature/2026/01/26/fear-and-uncertainty-yazidis-and-kurds-syria-amid-government-advances

„Fighting briefly stopped before the ceasefire was extended for 15 days on the night of 24 January, but the SDF [Syrian Democratic Forces] reported fresh attacks against villages west of Kobani the following day, with a child among four people killed. […]

Fighting broke out between the SDF and the Syrian government in Aleppo’s Sheikh Maqsoud and Ashrafieh neighbourhoods in early January, with both sides accusing the other of violating a ceasefire agreement. The Syrian government gained control of the area after a battle that killed at least 30 people and displaced more than 150,000.“ (The New Humanitarian, 26. Jänner 2026)

The New Region ist ein Nachrichtensender, der über den Irak und den Nahen Osten berichtet.

·      New Region (The): Five killed in Damascus shelling of Kobane countryside, 26. Jänner 2026
https://thenewregion.com/posts/4394

„At least five people were killed and five others were injured in an attack by Damascus-affiliated factions in a village in Kobane's southeastern outskirts, the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) said on Monday.

The factions targeted the village of Kharab Ashk with ‘intense shelling,’ using artillery, tanks, and unmanned aerial vehicles, the SDF said, despite a 15-day ceasefire that was announced on Saturday between the two warring sides.

‘The attack resulted in the martyrdom of five civilians and the injury of five others,’ all of whom were members of the same family, it also led to the ‘complete destruction of the family's home, as the wounded were transferred to hospitals for medical treatment,’ the SDF added. […]

SDF-affiliated media claimed earlier on Monday that at least two of the five who were killed in the Kharab Ashk strikes were children.“ (The New Region, 26. Jänner 2026)

Die Syrische Beobachtungsstelle für Menschenrechte (Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, SOHR) ist eine in Großbritannien ansässige Informationsstelle, die Menschenrechtsverletzungen in Syrien dokumentiert.

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Condemning massacres against the Kurds in Aleppo | Sit-in tent staged in front of Qasrak base in Al-Hasakah countryside, 14. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376363/

„Dozens of people staged a sit-in protest in front of the International Coalition’s Qasrak base in Al-Hasakah countryside , condemning the international community’s silence over the massacres committed against Kurdish civilians in Al-Sheikh Maqsoud and Al-Ashrafiyah neighborhoods in Aleppo.“ (SOHR, 14. Jänner 2026)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Affected by her injuries | Girl di*es after being hit by shell shrapnel in Al-Sheikh Maqsoud neighbourhood, 17. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376531/

„A girl died a few days ago affected by the wounds she sustained under shelling by the Syrian Interim Government on Al-Sheikh Maqsoud neighbourhood in Aleppo City.

According to reliable SOHR sources, the girl was injured by shrapnel of a shell as she and her family were displacing from their house in Al-Sheikh Maqsoud neighbourhood.“ (SOHR, 17. Jänner 2026)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Sectarian and retaliatory-based assass*inations in Al-Raqqah and efforts to evacuate injured people and bodies, amid congestion in hospitals, 19. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376590/

„SOHR activists have documented scores of sectarian and retaliatory-based assassinations in Al-Raqqah city, targeting both Arab and Kurds working in security and civil institutions of the Autonomous Administration, as well as fighters of Syrian Democratic Forces.“ (SOHR, 19. Jänner 2026)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Al-Raqqa | Four “Kurdish” young men exec*uted by armed tribesmen and Interim Government forces, 21. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376697/

„Four Kurdish young men were executed in Al-Raqqa City by armed tribesmen during an operation in the city in coordination with members of the Interim Government Forces, in an incident that caused a shock to civilians.“ (SOHR, 21. Jänner 2026)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Kobani under complete siege | Concerns grow over potential massacres and interruption of telecommunication service warns of humanitarian disaster, 22. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376709/

„Kobani city in east Aleppo province have experienced strict siege since yesterday in light of simultaneous attacks by factions affiliated to the transitional government on the city’s countryside; this, in turn, threatens a humanitarian disaster affecting tens of thousands of civilians. […]

Local sources have confirmed that the humanitarian situations are rapidly deteriorating, amid acute shortage of food and medical supplies and ongoing interruption of electricity and water since the beginning of military battles. This coincides with growing panic among residents, specially women, children and elderly people regarding the ongoing bombardment and treats.“ (SOHR, 22. Jänner 2026)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Kobani under siege from four directions | Hundreds of families displaced from rural areas to open without protection from cold amid ongoing military attacks on countryside, 23. Jänner 2026a
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376741/

„SOHR sources have monitored the rapid and dangerous deterioration of the humanitarian situation in Ain Al-Arab (Kobani) city, which has come under a complete siege from all four directions, amid ongoing military attacks targeting the surrounding villages and towns. […]

Meanwhile, humanitarian and medical sectors are suffering from near-total paralysis due to the closure of all access routes, resulting in a complete lack of heating supplies and a severe shortage of food and medical materials.“ (SOHR, 23. Jänner 2026a)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Al-Raqqah | Members of group affiliated with government forces commit war crime and burn bodies of three young men in Al-Tabqah, 23. Jänner 2026b
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376735/

„A group affiliated with the caretaker government committed a new crime in Al-Tabqah city in Al-Raqqah countryside, where they captured four young men after besieging them at one of the positions belonging to SDF [Syrian Democratic Forces], on the first day after they had entered the city, then they brutally killed them and burned their bodies, in a blatant violation of humanitarian laws.“ (SOHR, 23. Jänner 2026b)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Four children die due to dehydration, malnutrition and power outages in Kobani hospitals, 24. Jänner 2026a
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376752/

„SOHR sources have documented the tragic situation facing the healthcare sector in Ain Al-Arab (Kobani). A doctor at Al-Amal modern hospital confirmed the deaths of four children as a result of dehydration caused by malnutrition and extreme cold. In addition, a number of newborns dead during childbirth at the hospital due to power outages and their urgent need for oxygen.

The city is also experiencing a complete shortage of infant formula and medicines in general, along with the use of contaminated water for drinking and reliance on what remains in water tanks.

This comes amid a suffocating siege imposed on the city by forces affiliated with the caretaker government and their allied factions, as surrounding villages and rural areas are being targeted by government forces and their allies on one hand, and by SDF [Syrian Democratic Forces] in these villages on the other.“ (SOHR, 24. Jänner 2026a)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Kobani under siege | Five children di*e of severe cold and malnutrition, 24. Jänner 2026b
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376801/

„A child died due to the harsh humanitarian conditions and siege imposed on Ain Al-Arab City ‘Kobani’ leaving five children killed.“ (SOHR, 24. Jänner 2026b)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Food shortages, loss of basic services and ongoing siege | Humanitarian catastrophe threatens civilians’ live in Kobani, 24. Jänner 2026c
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376794/

„The impact of the siege is not limited to the healthcare sector; it also includes acute shortages of food and essential supplies. Roads leading to the city are closed to food and fuel trucks, forcing residents to collect snow and melt it to secure drinking water. Children, in particular, are suffering from severe malnutrition and a lack of infant formula, amid freezing temperatures that further compound their suffering.“ (SOHR, 24. Jänner 2026c)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Military victims | Child kil*led and three injured under shelling by Interim Government forces on Kobani, 25. Jänner 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376844/

„A child was killed and three others were injured under artillery shelling targeting Al-Qasimiya Village in Ain Al-Arab (Kobani) countryside, where the shells were fired from areas of the Interim Government forces in eastern Aleppo countryside.“ (SOHR, 25. Jänner 2026)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Military escalation | Elder woman kil*led under shelling by factions of Syrian Interim Government in Kobani, 26. Jänner 2026a
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376899/

„An elder woman was killed in Sharbany (Kurdish) Village south eastern of Ain Al-Arab (Kobani) City, under artillery shelling by factions of the Syrian Interim Government.

According to reliable SOHR sources, artillery shells were directly fired on the house of the woman, killing her immediately.“ (SOHR, 26. Jänner 2026a)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Following attacks on Sheikh Maqsoud and Al-Ashrafiyah | Four civilians die under torture in security centres of transitional government, 26. Jänner 2026b
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376886/

„Four civilians from Sheikh Maqsoud and Al-Ashrafiyah neighbourhoods in Aleppo city died under torture in security centres of Syria’s transitional government, after having been arrested during the latest military escalation in the two neighbourhoods earlier this month. […]

Accordingly, the death toll since the beginning of military escalation on neighbourhoods in Aleppo city on December 6 has reached 111; the fatalities are distributed as follows:

 -Civilians: 51 civilians, including eight women and six children:

 33 civilians, including six women and four children, in Sheikh Maqsoud neighbourhood.

 Four civilians, including two women and a child, in Al-Maydan neighbourhood.

 Two members of the medical staff of Othman hospital in Al-Ashrafiyah neighbourhood.

 Seven men in Ashrafiyah neighbourhood.

 A child who died from inhaling tear gas.

 Four persons died under torture in prisons of the transitional government.

 -Combatants: 59 combatants on both sides:

 38 members of the Syrian Ministry of Defence.

 21 member of Internal Security Forces (Asayish).

 -Others: One unidentified person.

 It is worth noting that there are many missing people whose fate remains unknown due to the complete interruption of telecommunication and internet services.“ (SOHR, 26. Jänner 2026b)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Al-Raqqah | Boy executed by members of factions affiliated with the caretaker government on Al-Raqqah- Kobani road, 26. Jänner 2026c
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376879/

„A 15-year-old boy was shot dead by members of factions which operates under banner of the Ministry of Defence of the caretaker government, on 19 January, while he was with his father on Al-Raqqah- Kobani road.

This incident is classified as an extrajudicial killing, as civilians were attacked directly in areas witnessing civilian displacement as people fled the military operations between caretaker government factions and SDF.“ (SOHR, 26. Jänner 2026c)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Death toll update | Civilian dies of his wounds bringing the number of fatalities from massacre on Al-Raqqah-Al-Hasakah highway to six, 26. Jänner 2026d
https://www.syriahr.com/en/376869/

„The number of civilian fatalities from the massacre committed by factions affiliated with the transitional government on Al-Raqqah-Al-Hasakah highway on January 22 has increased to six, all of whom were of a single family. The fatalities included a woman and two children.

 The number of fatalities is expected to rise further, as six other civilians of the same families, including a woman and four children, were also injured in the attack.

 According to SOHR sources, the factions opened fire on the family, who were fleeing military battles in Al-Raqqah city, after having stopped them and asked them if they were Kurdish or Arabs.“ (SOHR, 26. Jänner 2026d)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Bodies under rubble and extrajudicial executions | SOHR discloses atrocities committed against civilians in Sheikh Maqsoud during January’s clashes, 29. Jänner 2026a
https://www.syriahr.com/en/378079/

„The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights has obtained shocking testimonies by eyewitnesses from Sheikh Maqsoud neighbourhood in Aleppo city, detailing horrific violations suffered by civilians during the violent clashes that took place last January between forces of the transitional government and Internal Security Forces (Asayish). That clashes took place shortly before transitional government forces took control of the neighbourhood.

One of the eyewitnesses told SOHR that gunmen collapsed a wall over 17 civilian bodies, completely burying the corpses under the rubble in front of residents’ homes in a tragic scene, before later restoring the wall to erase traces of the site and conceal the bodies beneath the rubble.

In a related context, another eyewitness confirmed that armed elements threw a hand grenade directly into a civilian vehicle in which several civilians fleeing heavy gunfire and bombardment had taken shelter, killing all of them.

This coincided with widespread retaliatory operations that included burning and vandalizing private property and vehicles belonging to the neighbourhood’s residents. Meanwhile, ‘bulldozers and dump trucks’ were used to collect the corpses of large numbers of civilian and military personnel and transport them in a degrading and inhumane manner to what is called the ‘legitimacy office.’ The eyewitnesses described those practices as bearing a retaliatory character against the Kurdish community in the area.

 Regarding individual violations, the Syrian Observatory obtained testimony telling of details about the case of a young man who was wounded near Yassin Yassin school with seven gunshots. He was left bleeding after everyone assumed he had died, but his mother risked her life and managed to rush him to a hospital. Subsequently, a group of gunmen affiliated with the transitional government raided the hospital, kidnapped him and transferred him to an unknown location.

His fate remains unknown to this moment, which raises serious concerns for his life and the lives of dozens of detainees and forcibly disappeared persons documented during and after the military operations in the area.“ (SOHR, 29. Jänner 2026a)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Attempted to flee from military escalation in Al-Raqqah | Young man from Afrin beheaded by transitional government forces, 29. Jänner 2026b
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377081/

„SOHR activists have reported that a young man from Jala village in Raju district in Afrin was killed by transitional government forces and proxy gunmen, while attempting to flee from military escalation in Al-Raqqah city.

According to SOHR sources, the gunmen shot the young man dead, before they beheaded him.

The horrific crime took place nearly ten days ago, and the victim’s family managed to bury him yesterday in the village’s cemetery, as they faced challenges prevented them from burying him earlier.

It is worth noting that north and east Syria experienced sectarian-based attacks in the recent time, which left several Kurdish civilians dead, amid growing concerns over ongoing violations against locals.“ (SOHR, 29. Jänner 2026b)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Wide-range robberies | Forces of Syrian Interim Government withdraw from two villages in Aleppo, 31. Jänner 2026a
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377150/

„Aleppo province: Forces of the Syrian Interim Government withdrew from ‘Balk and Qalhid’ Villages in the vicinity of Sarin area in southern Kobani countryside, in preparation to implement the agreement on next February 2nd.

According to reliable SOHR sources, the withdrawal was not without severe violations, where these forces carried out systemic robberies against properties of houses such as furniture and electronic devices, in addition to agricultural machineries and livestock, taking advantage of the displacement of civilians from the villages.“ (SOHR, 31. Jänner 2026a)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Amid tense calm | Limited ceasefire violations coincide with ongoing stifling siege on Kobani, 31. Jänner 2026b
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377108/

„SOHR sources have reported that the stifling siege imposed by transitional government forces on Kobani city continue, amid state of tense calm prevailing the three frontlines around the city. […]

It is worth noting that the stifling siege continues on Kobani city, amid depletion of all life essentials, as government forces prevent basic essentials from being delivered to the city.“ (SOHR, 31. Jänner 2026b)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Kurdish woman brutal execution | Father detained, and body withheld for ransom, 2. Februar 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377250/

„Syrian transitional government forces, accompanied by local armed groups loyal to them, carried out the execution of Aya, a 22-year-old Kurdish woman, while she was attempting to flee the city of Al-Raqqa toward areas controlled by the Autonomous Administration, on 19 January.

According to available SOHR information, the victim’s body was mutilated in a scene reflecting an extreme level of brutality. When the family attempted to contact the authorities to demand their daughter’s body, her father was immediately arrested. His fate and place of detention remain unknown.

Aya’s body is still being withheld and has not been handed over to her family so far, amid information indicating that forces affiliated with the Syrian transitional government are demanding a financial ransom estimated at around 1,000 US dollars in exchange for returning her remains.“ (SOHR, 2. Februar 2026)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: After being arrested | A young man from Afrin kil*led and his body mutilated by members of Ministry of Defence in Al-Raqqa, 4. Februar 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377349/

„Forces of the Ministry of Defence executed a 26 years-old young man from Afrin, after arresting him in Al-Raqqa City on January 18th, following the withdrawal of SDF [Syrian Democratic Forces] from the city.

According to reliable SOHR sources, the young man was directly shot dead and had his body mutilated, where the forces cut his left ear and stabbed the back of his head before killing him, before running over the body with a military tank.“ (SOHR, 4. Februar 2026)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Amid media blackout | Hundreds of displaced Kurdish families’ houses looted in Al-Raqqah and Kobani, 9. Februar 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/377494/

„SOHR activists have monitored a state of security breakdown in Al-Raqqah province and the south-eastern countryside of Ain Al-Arab (Kobani).

This is manifesting in looting homes belonging to displaced Kurdish families in Al-Raqqah and shipping their entire contents to unknown locations.

Similar incidents were documented in nearly 50 villages around Al-Jalabiyah town in the south-eastern countryside of Kobani. Local sources from the villages, from which Kurdish families have been forcibly displaced to Kobani city, have reported that the entire contents of the houses were looted by members of factions and transitional government forces.

Those forces had taken control of the region following the recent clashes with SDF [Syrian Democratic Forces]. The sources also confirmed that even electricity networks in those villages, namely power cables and towers, have been stolen. […]

Accordingly, militiamen comfortably continue their violations against Kurdish families and their properties with no intervention by relevant authorities deterring them, amid a media blackout that prevents public awareness of these crimes.“ (SOHR, 9. Februar 2026)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Kobani | Serious violations committed in countryside, 21. Februar 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/378118/

„Kurdish-majority areas in northern Syria have witnessed an alarming escalation in violations by government forces and allied armed groups, amid growing fears of a worsening humanitarian situation and repeated patterns of collective punishment that directly affect civilians.

Local sources, in Khan Mamat village in Kobani countryside, reported that the body of a young man has remained lying in the middle of the village for nearly 15 days, in a scene that has deeply shocked residents.

According to circulating accounts, this followed a verbal altercation between the young man and armed members. Leaving the body exposed and preventing its burial constitutes a blatant violation of human dignity and raises serious questions about compliance with international laws and norms governing the treatment of the dead people and the protection of their families’ rights.

In the same context, local sources told SOHR that members of government forces and local gunmen loyal to them opened fire directly on four civilians inside a room in the village, before demolishing it over there heads, while preventing residents from approaching the site or attempting to rescue the victims.

These acts, if confirmed, are among the most serious violations of the right to life and constitute a clear violation of the principles of international humanitarian law prohibiting the extrajudicial targeting or punishment of civilians.

Local residents also reported the confiscation of mobile phones from several civilians, a move that residents viewed as an attempt to prevent documentation of what occurred and to restrict the circulation of information.

Meanwhile, cases of property seizure were recorded, including agricultural harvesters and large transport trucks, causing direct damage to residents’ livelihoods and further exacerbating their economic hardship.“ (SOHR, 21. Februar 2026)

·      SOHR – Syrian Observatory for Human Rights: Pictures showing IS*IS slogans | Armed factions rob and vandalize properties of Kurdish civilians in villages south of Kobani, 3. März 2026
https://www.syriahr.com/en/378711/

„SOHR activists obtained exclusive video tapes showing members of armed factions of the ‘Ministry of Defence’ of the Syrian Interim Government, carrying out robberies and vandalizing against properties of Kurdish civilians in ‘Darfalit Mail’ Village in southern Ain Al-Arab (Kobani) countryside.

The video tapes show the members storming houses, vandalizing contents and robbing furniture and private properties, in addition to writing slogans supporting ISIS on walls of the houses, in an attempt to intimidate the original residents.“ (SOHR, 3. März 2026)



[1] Bei den beiden Vierteln handelt es sich um vorwiegend von KurdInnen bewohnte Stadtteile Aleppos (Anmerkung ACCORD).