Reports of incidents in 1988- 1989 in Hargeisa when the Somali National Movement (SNM) fighters specifically targeted fellow Isaaqs opposed to the SNM could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate. For information on SNM attacks on civilians in northern Somalia, please consult the following documents available at Regional Documentation Centres: Country Reports 1988 1989, page 325; Why Somalis Flee: Synthesis of Accounts of Conflict Experience in Noarthern Somalia by Somali Refugees, Displaced Persons and Others, page 62; and Human Rights Abuses and Civil War in North: A Report from the U.S. General Accounting Office, pages 3-5.

This Response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the Research Directorate within time constraints. This Response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum.

Africa Confidential [London]. 1989. Vol. 30. Nos. 1-25.

_____. 1988. Vol. 29. Nos. 1-25.

Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series. 1989. Vol. 26. Nos. 1-11.

_____. 1988. Vol. 25. Nos. 1-12.

Horn of Africa. [Summit, Jersey]. January - June 1991.Vol. 14. Nos. 1-2.

_____. January - December 1990. Vol. 13.

Electronic sources: IRB Databases, LEXIS/NEXIS.

Three oral sources consulted did not provide information on the requested subject.