Information on military service, conscription, and mobilization

The following publications by EUAA, the Danish Immigration Service and the Swedish Migration Agency provide background information:

For earlier developments, see our previous information collection on the partial military mobilization (last update in March 2023).

The most recent documents on the issue

These are the most recent documents from a search for terms related to the topics: (You can find more, and customise your search under this search link.)

Considered synonyms: combat, combat service, combat services, deserters, deserteur, deserteure, desertions, draft, drafts, einberufung, einberufung, einberufungen, einberufungen, fahnenflucht, heeresdienst, heeresdienst, heeresdienste, heeresdienste, kriegsdienst, kriegsdienst, kriegsdienste, kriegsdienste, military draft, military drafts, military service, military services, militärdienst, militärdienst, militärdienste, militärdienste, mobilisations, mobilisierung, mobilisierungen, mobilizations, mobilmachung, mobilmachungen, präsenzdiener, präsenzdiener, präsenzdienerin, präsenzdienerin, präsenzdienerinnen, präsenzdiener·in, präsenzdiener·in, präsenzdiener·innen, präsenzdienst, präsenzdienst, präsenzdienste, präsenzdienste, rekrut, rekruten, rekruten, rekrutin, rekrutin, rekrutinnen, rekrut·in, rekrut·in, rekrut·innen, services, waffendienst, waffendienst, waffendienste, waffendienste, wehrdienst, wehrdienst, wehrpflicht, wehrpflicht, wehrpflichtige, wehrpflichtige, wehrpflichtiger, wehrpflichtiger, wehrpflichtige·r, wehrpflichtige·r
  • Article on the opening of Russian cultural and educational centres in different African states

    Russia to open more cultural centres in Africa as it seeks to broaden influence (Media Report, English)

    • Kenya, which has seen some of the highest numbers of recruits, blamed job agencies for luring men to Russia with work opportunities, only for them to end up fighting in Ukraine. Russia has said its foreign recruits all joined voluntarily ''in full compliance with Russian law'' -but agreed in March not to deploy Kenyans to the front [].
  • Analysis of military and security-related developments of the day

    Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 5, 2026 (Special or Analytical Report, English)

    • ceasefire but noted that Russia did not agree to it.[7] Russian officials continue discussing efforts to strengthen Russian air defense systems in order to defend against Ukraine’s long-range strikes.Russian President Vladimir Putin expressed on September 5 his support for United Russia Party candidate Yevgeny Poddubny’s proposal to allow Russian volunteers with fitness category D (unfit for military […] service) to serve in regional air defense units, such as the BARS (Combat Reserve) formations, and protect Russian facilities from Ukrainian drone strikes.[8] Putin promised to discuss ways to improve Russian air defense with the General Staff and the Russian Ministry of Defense (MoD) and noted that Russian air defense units require a single commander rather than a unified coordination center
  • Analysis of military and security-related developments of the day

    Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 4, 2026 (Special or Analytical Report, English)

    • Russian President Vladimir Putin appears committed to his existing expensive and inefficient force generation mechanism through volunteer recruitment.Putin again denied any plans for mobilization and claimed that Russian forces are not experiencing personnel shortages during an address to the Eastern Economic Forum on September 3.[18] Putin claimed that Russian people voluntarily sign military […] service contracts with the Russian MoD and that rumors about military mobilization are attempts to influence the State Duma elections slated for September 18-20. […] Putin is likely attempting to appease and reassure Russian society amidst growing fears of involuntary mobilization, as it remains unpopular in Russia.[19] Russian Security Council Deputy Chairperson Dmitry Medvedev similarly denied the need for Russia to conduct involuntary reserve call-ups on August 28.[20] Russia’s expedited efforts to establish its Rassvet satellite constellation as a replacement
  • Analysis of military and security-related developments of the day

    Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 3, 2026 (Special or Analytical Report, English)

    • the international border ==== Russian forces continued limited offensive operations in northern Sumy Oblast on September 2 and 3 but did not advance.[25] Ukrainian officials refuted recent Russian MoD and Russian President Vladimir Putin’s claims that Russian forces are approaching Sumy City.The Ukrainian Kursk Grouping of Forces published footage on September 3 reportedly showing Ukrainian servicemen
  • Update on key developments in the US/Israeli war with Iran (US and Israeli strikes on Iran and Iran's response)

    Iran Update, September 2, 2026 (Periodical Report, English)

    • Iran reportedly pushed unspecified Iraqi government actors and Iranian-backed Iraqi militias to reach a settlement in which the militias would “discreetly” retain their weapons by storing them either in Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF)-controlled depots or in the militias’ own depots under the condition that they would not use them without PMF approval. […] separate but related lines of effort to advance Iranian objectives in Iraq amid Iraqi government efforts to disarm Iranian-backed Iraqi militias.Informed sources told Iraqi media on September 1 that Iran pushed unspecified Iraqi government actors and Iranian-backed Iraqi militias to reach a settlement in which the militias would “discreetly” retain their weapons by storing them either in Popular Mobilization […] 2BODKHdUFXzYFtrfmpHJP32CoHYK9%2BUc7sRnxx8tjuO4%2FGNMjqeTKdiW95XAJ2wV7bV66Pfaa6jYQ0TyBlK%2FUc6l9j8YMNX19erJJOBylDfeiYfxthPfGINKOinOuGSCzx2Xe0VSGNt9rS%2BllvMsOJ%2Bd44zxkRtprRlvfHQ3J4cJBzkA0%2FM4DWayFmZwzFrhjDYTm%2BXJ26IyEAv4Z2pETQirT8%2FzpbdfQodETSpN%2BWib718L5Yh%2F3vVV2kMBAAA%3D [39] https://almadapaper dot net/451082/ [40] https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/the-leadership-and-purpose-of-iraqs-popular-mobilization-forces
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