Luxembourg is a constitutional monarchy with a democratically elected government. Political rights and civil liberties are generally respected. Ongoing concerns include insufficient government transparency and inadequate safeguards against conflicts of interest.

• In September, a reporter backed by the Luxembourg Association of Professional Journalists announced that she was suing the government after it refused to disclose information about the support it provides to the European Union’s Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex), which has been accused of involvement in illegal pushbacks of migrants. In July the government had introduced a bill meant to improve journalists’ access to official information, but it was still under consideration at year’s end.
• It was reported in July that Caritas Luxembourg—one of the country’s largest charities and a member of the Caritas Internationalis network that also administered some social services for the state—had been defrauded of some €61 million ($65.4 million), with the culprits effectively draining its accounts and credit. The case was still under investigation at the end of the year, but the conservative-led government of Prime Minister Luc Frieden, who had clashed with the charity’s leadership over policy issues in the past, declined to rescue the organization; many of its domestic operations were transferred to a newly created entity.

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For additional background information, see last year’s full report.