For information on the situation of Iraqis since the 2 August 1990 to 26 February 1991 Iraqi occupation of Kuwait, please consult Country Reports, Amnesty International Report and Human Rights Watch World Report for 1990 to 1995, as well as the following Amnesty International (AI) publications: Kuwait: Cases of "Disappearances," Incommunicado Detention, Torture and Extrajudicial Execution Under Martial Law of October 1992, Kuwait: Three Years of Unfair Trials of February 1994, and Kuwait: Five Years of Impunity: Human Rights Concerns Since the Withdrawal of Iraqi Forces of February 1996. All of these publications, available at Regional Documentation Centres, provide information on the situation of Iraqis living in Kuwait who were charged with collaborating with the Iraqi occupying forces and punished, who were tortured and deported from Kuwait.

Middle East Watch's A Victory Turned Sour: Human Rights in Kuwait Since Liberation of September 1991, and the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights (LCHR) publications, Kuwait: Building the Rule of Law: Human Rights in Kuwait After Occupation of 1992, and Laying the Foundations: Human Rights in Kuwait: Obstacles and Opportunities of April 1993, available only in the National Documentation Centre, also provide information on these subjects.

The attached 2 December 1994 Middle East International article outlines some of the problems faced by the 20,000 Iraqis living in Kuwait.

Information since January 1996 on the situation of Iraqis in Kuwait, other than that provided in the above-mentioned sources, could not be found among the sources consulted by the DIRB.

This Response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the DIRB within time constraints. This Response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Please find below the list of additional sources consulted in researching this Information Request.

Middle East International [London]. 2 December 1994. No. 489. Andrew North. "Caught Between Two Stools," p. 13.

Amnesty International (AI). October 1992. Kuwait: Cases of "Disappearances," Incommunicado Detention, Torture and Extrajudicial Execution Under Martial Law.

_____. February 1994. Kuwait: 3 Years of Unfair Trials.

_____. February 1996. Kuwait: 5 Years of Impunity: Human Rights Concerns Since the Withdrawal of Iraqi Forces.

Arab Studies Quarterly [Belmont, Mass.]. Quarterly. 1993 to present.

Arab Monitor [Washington, DC]. Monthly. November 1992 to August 1993.

Commentary: A Canadian Security Intelligence Service Publication [Ottawa]. Monthly. January 1995 to February 1996.

Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1995. 1996.

DIRB. "Amnesty International: Kuwait" country file. June 1991 to present.

_____. "Kuwait" country file. June 1991 to present.

Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) Daily Reports. March to June 1996.

FBIS CD-ROM. 1991 to present.

Foreign Report [Surrey]. Weekly. January 1995 to June 1996.

Freedom in the World: The Annual Review of Political Rights and Civil Liberties. Yearly. 1993, 1995.

Human Rights Watch World Report. Yearly. 1994, 1995.

Lawyers Committee for Human Rights. 1992. Kuwait: Building the Rule of Law: Human Rights in Kuwait After Occupation.

_____. April 1993. Laying the Foundations: Human Rights in Kuwait: Obstacles and Opportunities.

The Middle East [London]. Monthly. January 1990 to June 1996.

The Middle East and North Africa 1996. 1996.

The Middle East Focus: Canada's Magazine on the Contemporary Middle East [Downsview, Ont.]. Bi-monthly. Winter 1990 to Summer 1992.

Middle East International [London]. Fortnightly. January 1990 to July 1996.

Middle East Report [Washington, DC]. Quarterly. January 1991 to present.

Middle East Watch [New York]. September 1991. A Victory Turned Sour: Human Rights in Kuwait Since Liberation.

News from Middle East Watch [New York]. Monthly. 1990 to present.

On-line search of media sources.