a-4698 (ACC-TUR-4698)

Nach einer Recherche in unserer Länderdokumentation und im Internet können wir Ihnen zu oben genannter Fragestellung Materialien zur Verfügung stellen, die unter anderem folgende Informationen enthalten:

• UK Home Office: Turkey Country Report, April 2005
  https://www.ecoi.net/pub/ds883_03096tur.doc (Zugriff am 2. November 2005)

  “6.343 As outlined by the international Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA) (website accessed 17 February 2005) homosexuality for both Gays and Lesbians is legal in Turkey and the age of consent is 18. The `Lambda Istanbul’ which is a ’liberation’ group for gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender people in Turkey states that “There are no articles on homosexuality in the law but vague references to public morals and public order. The police has the legal right to take anyone who looks suspicious to the police station for interrogation.” [27a] (p1-2)

  6.344 The website of Lambda Istanbul (accessed in February 2005) states that “Lambda, Istanbul is the largest queer [Homosexual] liberation group in Turkey. It was formed by a small number of gays and lesbians as a result of a police ban on Christopher Street Day celebrations in 1993. Since then, Lambda, Istanbul has grown in membership and aims to raise its voice on behalf of the gay communities in Istanbul.” [33] (p1)

  6.345 On 14 October 2004 the website of the International Lesbian and Gay Association reported (quoting Agence France-Presse) that: “The homosexual movement in Turkey is still in its fledgling stages, but gays and lesbians are increasingly becoming outspoken. They are expanding their networks, organizing conferences and film festivals and taking part in May Day marches. KAOS GL’s Umut Guner believes Turkey’s drive to improve human rights in line with EU standards is also forcing officials, albeit slowly, to overcome prejudices against homosexuals. Some time ago, he says proudly, government agencies invited KAOS GL alongside other civic groups to work in commissions on health care and AIDS prevention. In a milestone move earlier this year, gay and lesbian activists were for the first time received in the Turkish parliament to convey their appeals for legal protection… For Kursad Kahramanoglu, the Turkish co-head of the International Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA), Turkey is far ahead of other Muslim nations when it comes to tolerance for homosexuals. Most Muslim countries punish homosexuality, some with death, whereas in Turkey, homosexuals today figure among the country’s top singers, television personalities and fashion designers. Still, prejudice is strong in daily life. Activists say most of them risk their jobs if they disclose their sexual identity and there are no laws to protect their rights. The Turkish army, they complain, is the only NATO force to still consider homosexuality a psychological disorder, and the police are notoriously harsh with transsexuals and transvestites.” [27b]

  6.346 In comments submitted to the Advisory Panel on Country Information in September 2004 UNHCR stated that: “Gay and lesbian groups report incidents of civilian violence against gays and transgender persons, including murders, especially in Istanbul. It is quite possible that such incidents are under-reported. There may also be some prevalence of gay and transgender suicide throughout Turkey, but mostly in conservative areas. It is a widely known fact that the homosexuals receive unfair treatment from the Police. Their complaints against the police are not properly evaluated” [18a] (p8)

  6.347 According to the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2002 “There is a certain ambivalence towards homosexuality in Turkey. `Active’ sexual partners are not usually considered homosexual. In the eyes of many Turks, only `passive’ sexual partners are homosexual.” [2a] (p141)

  6.348 The Netherlands report further states that “In general homosexuals need not fear official persecution by the Turkish authorities. There is no policy actively directed against homosexuals in Turkey. Nor is there any policy on the basis of which homosexuals have less access to public institutions, or fewer rights to practise a profession, than other Turks. In practice, however, people may lose their jobs if it becomes clear that they are homosexual.” [2a] (p141)

  6.349 The report continues “Rural areas as well as relatively conservative areas such as Konya are not very tolerant of homosexuals. Individuals experiencing problems in such areas because of their sexuality appear to escape them to some extent by moving to places like Istanbul, Izmir or Ankara, where there is now a fairly well-developed homosexual scene.” [2a] (p141)

  6.350 The report continues “There are some homosexual rights organisations. The most important are Lambda, founded in 1993, in Istanbul, and Kaos GL in Ankara. They organise weekly activities, and national demonstrations take place several times a year. Since 1994 Kaos GL has published an eponymous bi-monthly magazine which is available in alternative bookshops in many cities. Interest groups are tolerated but claim that local authorities have been obstructive in the past.” [2a] (p142)“

• Der Standard: Gouverneur von Ankara will Homosexuellen-Gruppe verbieten lassen, 19. September 2005
  http://derstandard.at/?id=2179976 (Zugriff am 19. September 2005)

„Der Gouverneur der türkischen Hauptstadt Ankara hat eine gerichtliches Verbot einer neu gegründeten Homosexuellen-Gruppe gefordert, da diese gegen die Sittengesetze des Landes verstoße. In der Europäischen Union könnte dies für Verärgerung sorgen. Der Staatenbund hat von der Türkei im Zuge einer möglichen Aufnahme in die EU die Umsetzung einer ganzen Reihe von Freiheits-Reformen gefordert. Der Zweck der im Juli gegründeten Gruppe Kaos sei nicht in Einklang zu bringen mit dem türkischen Recht, begründete der Gouverneur seinen Vorstoß in einem am Montag veröffentlichten Brief. "Das ist nichts, was uns überrascht", sagte Kaos- Generalsekretär Ali Erol. "Die Bürokratie ist beunruhigt durch den Bruch des letzten Tabus der Türkei - Homosexualität." Sollten die Gerichte ein Verbot der Gruppe beschließen, werde Kaos den Europäischen Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte anrufen. Homosexualität ist in der Türkei nicht verboten. Es gibt jedoch kein Gesetz, das Schwule und Lesben vor Diskriminierung schützt.“

Bitte beachten Sie auch folgende Anfragebeantwortungen des Canadian Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB) zum Thema:

• IRB - Canadian Immigration and Refugee Board: Response to individual information request TUR42961.E: Military and societal treatment of homosexuals who have been deemed unfit to serve in the military and/or who have been discharged from the military due to their sexual orientation (January 2002 - September 2004), 10. September 2004
• IRB - Canadian Immigration and Refugee Board: Response to individual information request TUR42992.E: The treatment of sexual minorities, particularly lesbians, homosexuals and transsexuals, by state and non-state agents, including the police; protection available to sexual minorities who have been victimized (July 2002 - September 2004), 15 September 2004
  http://www.irb.gc.ca/cgi-bin/foliocgi.exe/refinfo_e/query=?realquerydlg (Zugriff am 2. November 2005)

Diese Informationen beruhen auf einer zeitlich begrenzten Recherche in öffentlich zugänglichen Dokumenten, die ACCORD derzeit zur Verfügung stehen. Die Antwort stellt keine abschließende Meinung zur Glaubwürdigkeit eines bestimmten Asylansuchens dar.