1) The IRBDC has published or publicly available information on this subject. Please see section 4) for related information regarding Chinese students in other countries.
2) A 10 June 1989 report mentions the existence of the Union of Chinese Students in the Federal Republic of Germany (Associated Press, 10 June 1989). The IRBDC has no additional published or publicly available information on the subject of Chinese student groups in Germany.
3) Please see attachments. See also section 4) for related information on the activities and attitude of Chinese embassies in other countries in relation to overseas Chinese students.
4) The IRBDC has no published and publicly available information on the treatment by the Chinese government of Chinese students returning from Germany. There are a number of reports, however, which provide information on the Chinese government's policy vis a vis Chinese students who have participated in pro-democracy movements in other countries.
A June 1989 report from The Globe and Mail indicates that Chinese diplomats in Canada were compiling "lists of Chinese students in Canada who have supported the democracy movement." (The Globe and Mail, 27 June 1989). In March 1990, Asia Watch reported that the Chinese embassy in the United States was denying passport extensions to people who had participated in pro-democracy demonstrations (Asia Watch, March 1990, pp. 57-61).
Leaked Chinese government documents which became public in May 1990 indicated that the government would be lenient with some returning students but was planning to punish those whom it considered "reactionary core elements" behind "anti-government" activities abroad." This latter category would include those who had sought asylum, the documents indicated (The Globe and Mail, 2 June 1990; Far Eastern Economic Review, 5 July 1990).
One month later, Xinhua reported that, "China will not investigate or hold responsible Chinese students abroad who made rash statements or engaged in rash activities connected with the turmoil in Beijing," and that those who joined "reactionary organizations will be allowed to return as well, but only so long as they sow repentance, break away from those organizations and end activities designed to oppose and subvert the People's Republic of China." (FBIS-CHI-90-116, 15 June 1990, p. 8; FBIS-CHI-90-139, 19 July 1990, p. 19).
Also in June 1990, two statements by Chinese diplomats indicated that the government would punish those who were still participating in pro-democracy movements abroad. A Chinese student secretly taped a conversation with an embassy official in Tokyo, who stated that, "If students continue [in pro-democracy movements], we will not forgive them...The Chinese Government...will decide how to penalize the unmanageable students" (FBIS-CHI-90-107, 4 June 1990, p. 13). Speaking on the record, a Chinese diplomat in Canada said that "the majority of [returning] students shouldn't worry....For those ones who are still doing it [anti-government protest], it is different." (The Globe and Mail, 2 June 1990).
According the U.S. Department of State Country Reports 1990, "at least 21,000 students and scholars have returned to China temporarily or permanently since June 1989...and none have been punished or refused permission to leave the country again."
At the same time, the Country Reports 1990 indicates that, "Chinese students and scholars in the United States have asserted that they or their families have been subject to threats of reprisals by Chinese officials if they do not cease political activities" (Country Reports 1990, p. 859).
The Country Reports 1990 does not mention the case of a Chinese graduate student studying in the United States, who returned to China in December 1990 to plead for a fair trial for one of his friends but left the country within nine days "amid fears for his safety" (United Press International, 17 January 1991). U.S. embassy officials in Beijing were reportedly using this case as "a test of Beijing's vow that it would not hold returned students responsible for their participation in pro-democracy protests outside China last year." (United Press International, 15 December 1990).
In June 1991, CBC news reported that a Chinese couple may have been executed after their forcible return to China from Hong Kong. In an application for asylum to Hong Kong officials, the couple had claimed to have participated in demonstrations against the Chinese government in Hong Kong. At the time, there was no confirmation of the fate of the couple (CBC/CBO News, 10 June 1991).
Bibliography

Asia Watch. March 1990. Punishment season: Human Rights in China After Martial Law.

Associated Press. 10 June 1989. Abrams, Jim. "400 Arrested in Beijing, China Criticizes U.S. Radio Broadcast."

CBC/CBO News. 10 June 1991, 21:00 hrs. "Hong Kong Asks China For Information." Media Tapes and Transcripts Ltd., Toronto.

Far Eastern Economic Review. 5 July 1990. Delfs, Robert. "China 2: Long-arm Tactics."

FBIS-CHI-90-139. 19 July 1990. "He Dongchang Reaffirms Foreign Study Policy," Xinhua [Beijing, in English], 18 July 1990.

FBIS-CHI-90-116. 15 June 1990. "Students Abroad Connected With Turmoil Pardoned," Xinhua [Beijing, in English], 14 June 1990.

FBIS-CHI-90-107. 4 June 1990. "Fukushima, Mutsuo. "Students in Japan Warned on Democracy Movement," Kyodo [Tokyo, in English June 1990.

The Globe and Mail. 2 June 1990. Montgomery, Charlotte. Students in Canada Buff Beijing's Offer."

The Globe and Mail. 27 June 1989. "Students in a Vise."

U.S. Department of State. 1991. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1990. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office 1991

United Press International. 17 January 1991. Parker, Jeffrey K.. "Overseas Chinese Demand Fair Trials for Tiananmen
Dissidents."

United Press International. 15 December 1990. Parker, Jeffrey K.. "U.S. Concerned Over Returned Chinese Student's Rights."

Attachments

BBC Summary of World Broadcasts. 28 July 1989. "Chinese Embassy in FRG Denies Spying on Students," Renmin Ribao [Beijing], 25 July 1989.

Xinhua. 24 July 1989. "Chinese Embassy in Bonn Denies Charges of Spying on Students."