According to some 1992 reports, members of the Chadian opposition accused the Chadian government of torture and killing Chadian opponents extradited from Nigeria (AFP 24 Nov. 1992; RFI 27 June 1992; Africa Research Bulletin Apr. 1992, 10546). The Mouvement pour la démocratie et le développement (MDD) leader Goukouni Guet was reported as being among those who were killed (ibid.)

According to Amnesty International Urgent Action, Goukouni Guet, the leader of Mouvement pour la démocratie et le développement (MDD), was among some Chadian nationals forcibly repatriated from Nigeria and secretly killed in March 1992 in the capital, N'Djamena, by the members of Chadian security forces (AI 5 May 1992).

Goukouni Guet founded the MDD composed of members from Kanembous ethnic group in 1991 (Mondes rebelles 1999, 505).

Information on his daughters and the names of their husbands could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate.

This Response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the Research Directorate within time constraints. This Response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Please find below the list of additional sources consulted in researching this Information Request.

Agence France Presse (AFP). 24 November 1992. "Nigeria Allegedly Deporting Chadian Opposition Exiles Who face Execution." (BBC Summary 26 Nov. 1992/NEXIS)

Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series (ARB) [Oxford]. April 1992. Vol. 29, No 4. "Chad: Accusations of Killings."

Amnesty International (AI). 5 May 1992. Urgent Action: Chad: Extrajudicial Executions/ill-treatment. (AI Index: AFR 20/08/92). London: Amnesty International.

Balencie, Jean-Marc et Arnaud de La Grange. 1999. Mondes rebelles: guerres civiles et violences politiques : Éditions Michalon.

Radio France Internationale (RFI) [Paris, in French]. 27 June 1992. "Former minister Koti Says He Intends to Continue Fighting." (BBS Summary 29 June 1992/NEXIS)

Africa Confidential [London]. January 1992-1999.

Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series [Oxford]. 1992-1998.

Amnesty International. 1998. Amnesty International Reports. 1992-1999.

L'autre Afrique [Paris]. June 1998-October 1999.

Country Reports. 1992-1999.

Jeune Afrique [Paris]. 1993-October 1999.

La Lettre hebdomadaire de la FIDH [Paris]. 1994-August 1999.

Political Handbook of the World. 1992-198.

West Africa [London]. 1993-1999.

Electronic sources: IRB databases, Internet, LEXIS/NEXIS, World Network Connection (WNC).