a-4876 (ACC-ARM-4876)
Nach einer Recherche in unserer Länderdokumentation und im Internet können wir Ihnen zu oben genannter Fragestellung Materialien zur Verfügung stellen, die unter anderem folgende Informationen enthalten:
Verfolgung und Unterdrückung von Mitgliedern der Hzor-Partei (auch: Hzor Hayrenik / Große Mutterlandspartei)
Eine kurze Beschreibung der Partei Hzor Hayrenik (engl.: „Mighty Fatherland“) findet sich auf Wikipedia:
“The Mighty Fatherland (Hzor Hayrenik) is a nationalist political party in Armenia. At the last elections, 25 May 2003, the party won 3.3 % of popular votes and no seats.” (Wikipedia, Mighty Fatherland, ohne Datum)
Das US Department of State (USDOS) führt Hzor Hayrenik in der Auflistung politischer Parteien in seiner Background Note zu Armenien nicht explizit an, verweist jedoch darauf, dass es neben den genannten zahlreiche weitere Kleinparteien gebe:
“Political parties represented in the National Assembly: Republican Party of Armenia, Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) Dashnaktsutyun, Country of Law (Orinats Yerkir), People's Party of Armenia, National Accord Party, Republic Party, and United Labor Party. Other significant parties include: National Democratic Union, Constitutional Rights Union, Social Democratic Hnchakian Party, Armenian National Movement, Liberal Democratic Ramkavar Party, Self Determination Union, Communist Party, and the Christian Democratic Party. In addition, there are dozens of other registered parties, many of which become active only during national campaigns.” (USDOS, Mai 2006)
Weitere Erwähnungen der Partei Hzor Hayrenik finden sich in Kontext der Berichterstattung zu den Parlamentswahlen im Mai 2003.
Eurasianet.org beschreibt in dem Artikel „Guide to Armenian parliamentary elections May 2003” vom 13. Mai 2003 die Partei und ihre Ziele:
“The Mighty Homeland Party held is constituent congress in spring 1997 and was officially registered in February 1998. In its campaigning the party is stressing the importance of structural changes in regional and local government. It wants to strengthen links with the Armenian community in the CIS and abroad and to attract Armenian businessmen back to Armenia. Culture Minister Roland Sharoyan and the leader of the National Security Party, Garnik Isagulyan, who was previously a member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation - Dashnaktsutyun, are also on the party list.” (Eurasianet.org, 13. Mai 2003)
Armenialiberty.org gibt in seiner Press Review vom 31. Mai 2003 Ausschnitte aus einem Interview mit Robert Nazarian, dem Bürgermeister von Jerewan und Mitglied von Hzor Hayrenik wieder. Nazarian nimmt hier Stellung zum schlechten Abschneiden seiner Partei bei den Wahlen:
“Meanwhile, Yerevan Mayor Robert Nazarian puts a brave face on the defeat of his Hzor Hayrenik (Powerful Fatherland) party. Nazarian tells ‘Hayots Ashkhar’ that the 3 percent of votes which Hzor Hayrenik got was ‘not a bad result.’ ‘It’s not the number of votes that matters,’ he says. ‘There are more important values.’ But according to ‘Orran,’ Nazarian’s failure to enter the National Assembly means that he is a ‘bad mayor.’ ‘The elementary logic demands that they be dismissed,’ the paper says. Nazarian, it says, was not even smart enough to hide his and his party’s ‘zero rating.’ By the same token, another Hzor Hayrenik leader, Culture Minister Roland Sharoyan, must also resign.” (Armenialiberty, 31. Mai 2003)
Am 2. Juli 2003 berichtet Eurasianet.org, dass der armenische Präsident Robert Kocharian am 1. Juli ein Dekret erlassen habe, mit dem Robert Nazarian aufgrund des schlechten Wahlergebnisses seiner Partei aus dem Amt des Bürgermeisters von Jerewan entlassen worden sei:
“Armenian president fires Yerevan mayor
Robert Kocharian issued a decree on 1 July dismissing Robert Nazarian from the post of mayor of Yerevan, which he had held since January 2001, Noyan Tapan and RFE/RL's Yerevan bureau reported. Nazarian was appointed to chair a state commission regulating public utilities and other so-called natural monopolies, including the Greek-owned Armentel telecommunications operator. Nazarian's pro-presidential Hzor Hayrenik (Mighty Fatherland) party garnered only 3 percent of the vote in the 25 May parliamentary elections, failing to win a single seat in the new legislature. Kocharian simultaneously named as the capital's new mayor Yervand Zakharian, who previously headed the government's tax-collection agency. Zakharian is succeeded in that post by Feliks Tsolakian, a senior member of the presidential staff.” (Eurasianet.org, 2. Juli 2003)
ArmeniaNow.com setzt sich in einem Bericht vom 23. Mai 2003 mit der Frage der in der armenische Verfassung vorgesehenen Immunität von ParlamentarierInnen auseinander. Der Artikel erhebt Meinungen in der Bevölkerung und gibt die Positionen einiger politischer Parteien zu dieser Frage wieder:
“According to the Constitution of the Republic of Armenia: ‘A Deputy shall not be prosecuted or held liable for actions arising from the performance of his or her status, or for the expression of his or her opinions expressed in the National Assembly, provided these are not slanderous or defamatory. A Deputy may not be arrested and subjected to administrative or criminal prosecution through judicial proceedings without the consent of the National Assembly. […] ‘Hzor Hairenik’ (Mighty Motherland) political party is against immunity and suggests instead a law protecting deputies from political persecution.” (ArmenniaNow.com, 23. Mai 2003)
Die Wochenzeitung Noyan Tapan berichtet in dem Artikel „Extra-parliamentary collisions“ vom 29. November 2004, dass die drei Parteien NLUA (sic!), Ramkavar Azatakan und Hzor Hayrenik eine Prozess der politischen Zusammenarbeit eingeleitet hätten:
“Anyway, the most interesting fact we may state about the congress is that NLUA, the Ramkavar Azatakan party of Armenia, and the “Hzor Hayrenik” (“Powerful Homeland”) party have initiated a political cooperation. The official statement on this cooperation will be publicized in the near future.” (Noya Tapan, 29. November 2004, S. 1)
Zwei Tage später, am 1. Dezember 2004 berichtet Noyan Tapan, dass Richtlinien für die Zusammenarbeit unterzeichnet worden seien:
“YEREVAN, December 1 (Noyan Tapan). On December 1, Democratic Liberal Union of Armenia (DLUA), Ramkavar-Azatakan Party of Armenia (RAPA) and Hzor Hayrenik Party signed regulations about initiating a political cooperation. The cooperation will be aimed at further extension of democratic processes, establishment of political culture, formation of an atmosphere of civilized struggle […]” (Noyan Tapan, 1. Dezember 2004)
In dem Bericht “DLUA leader: constitutional amendments package should be in every Armenian family” der armenische Nachrichtenagentur ARKA vom 7. November 2005 findet die Partei „Mighty Motherland“ im Zusammenhang mit einer Kampagne zur Steigerung des Bewusstseins für die armenische Verfassung Erwähnung:
“YEREVAN, November 7. /ARKA/. Constitutional amendments package should be in every Armenian family, Seyran Avagyan, leader of Democratic Liberal Union of Armenia, told journalists on Monday. "We attach great importance to that and not only at the current stage", he said. He said he'd like the tradition of keeping the Constitution at home, just like the Bible, to come to every Armenian family. Avagyan said the party members have already spoken over the matter with their partners Ramkavar-Azatakan (Liberal-Democratic) and Mighty Motherland partisans. In his words, these parties intend to join the campaign focused on enhancing public awareness of constitutional matters.“ (ARKA, 7. November 2005)
In den ACCORD derzeit zur Verfügung stehenden Quellen konnten im Rahmen der zeitlich begrenzten Recherche keine Informationen darüber gefunden werden, ob Mitgliedern der Hzor Hayrenik-Partei in Armenien verfolgt oder unterdrückt werden. Folgende Suchbegriffe wurden im Rahmen der Recherchen auf ecoi.net sowie mit google in Kombination mit dem Namen der Partei verwendet: members, police, incidents, persecution, suffer, arrest, detained, harrassed;
Aktuelle Berichte zur medizinischen Versorgung (Dialyse, Behandlung nierentransplantierter Menschen)
[Passage entfernt]
Die Webpage für DialysepatientInnen „Global Dialysis“ führt in Armenien ein Gesundheitszentrum in Jerewan an, in dem Dialysebehandlungen möglich seien. (Letzter Update zu Armenien: 8. Februar 2004):
Centre Name: "Arabkir" Joint Medical Center:
Address: Mamikonyants str., 32
City: Yerevan
Postal Code: 375014
Laut Global Dialysis handle es sich hier um ein staatliches Zentrum. (Global Dialysis, 8. Februar 2004)
Zum Gesundheitssystem in Armenien allgemein stellt das US Department of State (USDOS) in seinem Länderbericht vom 8. März 2006 in Bezug auf die Gesundheitsversorgung für Kinder fest:
“Free basic health care was available to boys and girls through age eight, but often was of poor quality, and officials often demanded overt or concealed payment for service.” (USDOS, 8. März 2006, Abschnitt 5)
Die Hilfsorganisation USAID betrachtet das Gesundheitssystem in Armenien in einem geschichtlichen Kontext und nennt folgende Probleme und Mängel:
“During the Soviet era, Armenians had the longest life expectancy, and one of the best developed healthcare systems, of all the Soviet republics. The system was known for impressive health outcomes, which were attributed to factors such as the population's wide access to education, water and sanitation, and a comprehensive range of state-subsidized medical services. Post-independence economic conditions, however, placed new demands on, and revealed inefficiencies in, the Soviet-style health system. Without adequate financing over the past decade, health facilities have fallen into disrepair, workers' wages have gone unpaid for up to 18 months, information systems and providers' skills have not been updated, and community outreach services have not been maintained. The scarcity of resources has also constrained the government's ability to implement reforms. Moreover, the historical legacy of an authoritarian, top-down approach to healthcare administration has discouraged individual initiative and stifled management and institutional development at the regional and local levels.” (USAID, ohne Datum)
Für weitere allgemeine Informationen zum Gesundheitssystem in Armenien möchte ich Sie auf den Bericht von Ärzte ohne Grenzen (Médecins sans frontiers, MSF) vom 1. März 2006 hinweisen (MSF, 1. März 2006).
Diese Informationen beruhen auf einer zeitlich begrenzten Recherche in öffentlich zugänglichen Dokumenten, die ACCORD derzeit zur Verfügung stehen. Diese Antwort stellt keine Meinung zum Inhalt eines bestimmten Ansuchens um Asyl oder anderen internationalen Schutz dar. Wir empfehlen, die verwendeten Materialien zur Gänze durchzusehen.
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Noya Tapan (Onlineausgabe): Democratic Liberal Union of Armenia, Ramkavar-Azatakan Party of Armenia and Hzor Hayrenik Party sign regulations of cooperation, 1. Dezember 2004 (Login erforderlich; nur Einleitung des Artikels öffentlich zugänglich)
http://www.nt.am/eng/news/01.12.2004/Politics/ (Zugriff am 30. Mai 2006)
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