Overview
“Russian authorities are trying to dramatically change the situation in Dagestan. The strategically important North Caucasian republic has a 150-kilometer (93-mile) long border with Georgia and a 315-km (196-mile) long border with Azerbaijan. The republic also has 530 km (329 miles) of coastline on the Caspian Sea.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 28 June 2012)
“A region of high mountains, lowlands and steppes, the North Caucasus has a small, diverse population of 9.86 million. […] The most homogeneous republics are Chechnya and Ingushetia, the most diverse region is Dagestan, with over 30 distinct ethnic groups.” (
ICG, 19 October 2012, p. 3)
“The Republic of Dagestan has become the principal scene of all the North Caucasian resistance movement in the past two years. Not only does the republic have the largest number of jamaats operating on its territory in the North Caucasus, but it also boasts of having the largest group of people there who are literate in Islamic theology and adhere to the ideas of an all-out jihadism in the region.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 17 May 2012)
Religious conflict
“Традиционно население здесь исповедовало различные тарикаты (‚пути‘) суфийского направления в исламе.[…] С 90-х годов прошлого века в республике начало активно распространяться новое для Кавказа религиозное течение – салафизм, или фундаментальный ислам. Решающее влияние на развитие ситуации в республике оказало ещё одно важное отличие тарикатистов от салафитов. Если первые принимают светскую власть и готовы де факто отнести религию к сфере частной жизни человека, то фундаменталисты выступают за преобладание исламских норм во всех сферах общественной жизни. […] Как было отмечено выше, напряжение между представителями суфистского и салафитского течений ислама в Дагестане усугубляется тем, что в этом конфликте власть не выступает нейтральным арбитром, а поддерживает одну сторону. Круг замыкается – дискриминация приводит к большей радикализации, действия боевиков ожесточают сотрудников милиции, которые совершают преступления против фундаменталистов.“ (
Memorial, 13 April 2011, p. 3-80)
“Moreover, the rise of Islamic radicalism across the whole of the North Caucasus was only indirectly connected with Chechnya and its fight against the federal center. The first strikes between Sufi Muslims and Salafites in Dagestan were registered in 1994–1995. Already in 1997, the Sufi Islam supporters of Dagestan demanded to prohibit any Salafite activity. In December 1997, the People’s Assembly of Dagestan adopted some amendments to the republican law “On the Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations” to restrict public activity of Salafi Muslims. In 1998, the Islamic radicals attempted a coup in Makhachkala and proclaimed the “Special Islamic Territory” in the area of three Dagestani settlements later that year.“ (
CSIS, 29 November 2010, p. 3)
North Caucasus Conflict
Developments in Dagestan
“Although some Dagestani communities were the first in the North Caucasus to embrace Salafism in the beginning of the 1990s, the failed incursion of the united Dagestani-Chechen Jihadist insurgents to Western Dagestan in August 1999 largely discredited the ideology across the republic. What happened since then? First, since ‘Islamist terrorism’ was widely recognized as a primary threat to national security in 1999-2001, thousands of mostly young Dagestanis, accused of terrorism and ‘Wahhabism’, have been taken into custody by local authorities where they were often subjected to Soviet-style interrogation. Deep religiosity has been considered especially suspicious by the authorities, which have been waging full-scale war against real and alleged ‘Wahhabis’ and their sympathizers. […] As authorities have lacked enough evidence to put alleged ‘Wahhabis’ in jail, these were eventually set free following a few months of torture. Many of them never made peace with what was done to them in prisons, and have turned to violence to retaliate the humiliation. In case someone’s relative was killed or seriously wounded, their brothers, sons or cousins have pledged oaths to take revenge for the sake of family honor. As it is difficult for individuals to combat authorities on their own, many young Dagestanis have joined the insurgent movement in the mountains, where there were exposed to the basics of Salafism. […]
Likewise, many Dagestanis have joined the insurgency in protest of the societal sins, be it corruption, erosion of traditional values, inability to realize themselves professionally or in search for a better, Islamic, future for their homeland. Most importantly, membership in Jihadist groups (jamaats) has helped individual combatants to overcome ethnic, sectarian and clan-based loyalties, forging an unprecedented sense of social solidarity based on religion.“ (
CACI, 29 September 2010)
“Wichtigste Figur war lange Zeit Doku Umarow. Im Sommer 2010 wurde die Bewegung jedoch durch die Wirren um den eventuellen Rücktritt Umarows und die darauf folgende Spaltung geschwächt. Die Jamestown Foundation schätzt, dass beinahe 90 Prozent der tschetschenischen islamistischen Gruppierungen nun dem Kommando von Emir Hussein unterstehen, während ein Grossteil der dagestanischen, inguschetischen und kabardino-balkarischen «Jamaats» nach wie vor Umarow treu sind. Dieser wurde schon mehrmals totgesagt, was sich bis heute als falsch erwiesen hat.“ (
SFH, 12 September 2011, p. 9)
“Diese ehemals in Tschetschenien aktiven Gruppen hätten sich, so hieß es, überwiegend nach Dagestan, Inguschetien und Kabardino-Balkarien zurückgezogen.“ (
Universität Bremen, 20 May 2011, p. 3)
“In Dagestan, meanwhile, the insurgents are closely linked to both political clans and mafia groups, in a bewildering three-way war between Islamists, local politicians and Russian troops.“ (
IWPR, 25 October 2010)
“As a result, a regular civil war is now underway in Dagestan. Approximately 2,500 young Dagestanis are involved in the insurgency, which makes up at least a half of all North Caucasian combatants. Yet their numbers grow as more and more desperate youngsters join their ranks. Unlike neighboring Chechnya with its “normalized” public space, insurgents rely on sufficient sympathies and support from ordinary Dagestanis who are antagonized by both corrupt local authorities and increasingly violent and indiscriminate police forces.“ (
CACI, 29 September 2010)
“But if the ensuing counterterrorism operation in Gimry was meant to combat such extremism by identifying militants among the locals, it did the opposite. Residents say that in addition to daily house-to-house searches, thousands of troops bristling with weapons cut down farmers' trees, killed livestock, and stole whatever they could from the very poor people who live here. Magomedov says they also shot villagers in what he calls a reign of terror. ‘So many people were killed, and no one punished for it,’ he says. […] Some villagers in Gimry say they're protesting by refusing to observe Russian law. They say they live under Shari'a law instead, or at least their understanding of it, which includes blood feuds and other forms of centuries-old traditional law.“ (
RFE/RL, 4 November 2011)
“A survey in Dagestan has found that 20 percent of the republic’s youth consider themselves moderate Salafis. Only 10 percent of the respondents referred to themselves as Sufis – traditionally the main Muslim branch in Dagestan. The most educated among those who identified themselves as moderate Salafis said they were in favor of mimicking the experience of such countries as Brunei, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman in bringing norms of sharia into governance in Dagestan. The survey also found that 12 percent of the respondents favor the radical methods of struggle adopted by the North Caucasus militants. It is especially striking that young people openly stated support for rebels in the republic. According to a Dagestani expert on Islam, Ruslan Gereyev, the survey was conducted only in cities, and support for the rebels would have been even higher had the interviews been conducted in rural areas of the republic (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, December 9).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 14 December 2011)
“Violence continued in the North Caucasus republics, driven by separatism, interethnic conflict, jihadist movements, vendettas, criminality, and excesses by security forces. Dagestan continued to be the most violent area in the North Caucasus.“ (
USDOS, 24 May 2012, Section 1g)
“In 2011 the Islamist insurgency remained on the rise, especially in the Republic of Dagestan.“ (
HRW, 22 January 2012)
“Meanwhile, Dagestani leader Magomedsalam Magomedov told a meeting of the republic’s ‘siloviki’ (including the heads of the republican Interior Ministry, Federal Security Service branch and prosecutor’s office) held in Dagestan’s capital Makhachkala yesterday (February 2) that five ‘combined operational groups,’ consisting of Interior Ministry and FSB personnel and Internal Troops commandos, have been set up in areas where the republic’s rebels are most active – the Derbent, Kizlyar, Sergokalinsky, Untsukulsky and Tsumadinsky districts. […] Magomedov said that 12 rebel groups totaling 250-300 militants are operating in the republic. The ranks of the rebels are being ‘actively replenished,’ he stated (www.kavkaz-center.ru, February 3; www.interfax.ru, February 2).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 3 February 2012)
“In mid-March, a massive redeployment of military personnel from Chechnya to Dagestan took place. According to unofficial sources from Dagestan, up to 20,000-25,000 troops were moved to the neighboring republic. A military column including large amounts of armored fighting vehicles set out from Khankala, a military base to the east of Grozny, to the Karabudakhkent district of Dagestan on the outskirts of the capital city of Makhachkala. Rationalized by the authorities as another move to improve the deteriorating situation in the Caspian republic, the move has caused serious concern both within and outside Dagestan.“ (
CACI, 4 April 2012)
“Thus, the latest events indicate that even the deployment of a potent Interior Ministry force from Chechnya has not greatly altered the situation in Dagestan. Dagestan’s insurgency remains at the forefront of the North Caucasian armed resistance.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 27 July 2012)
“Six months after the death of Ibragimkhalil Daudov (Amir Salikh), self-styled Caucasus Emirate head Doku Umarov has issued a formal decree naming Daudov’s first deputy, Rustam Asildarov (Amir Abu Mukhammad), to succeed him as head of the Daghestan wing of the North Caucasus insurgency.“ (
RFE/RL, 26 August 2012b)
Attacks and violations of human rights
“Across town in an outlying, concrete-block neighborhood, Svetlana Isayeva runs the group Mothers of Daghestan for Human Rights from a tiny ground-floor office. She started the organization after her 25-year-old son disappeared from the street outside her home three years ago. A stoic, dark-haired woman, Isayeva says many young men like him are detained by security forces, especially those who attend mosques and show other signs of religious piousness. She says they're forced to confess to terrorism and often killed. ‘Lately it's become common among law enforcers to burn people alive in their cars,’ she says. ‘Then they're accused of blowing themselves up by accident.“ (
RFE/RL, 4 November 2011)
“Armed groups continued to attack security officials, members of local administrations and prominent members of the public, including mullahs preaching traditional Islam. Law enforcement operations gave rise to numerous allegations of enforced disappearances, extrajudicial executions and torture.“ (
AI, 24 May 2012)
“Die beinahe täglichen Überfälle auf Sicherheitskräfte, welche vor allem in Dagestan und Inguschetien weiter zugenommen haben, weisen dieselben Tendenzen auf: Einerseits finden sie immer häufiger an stark bevölkerten Orten statt, was auch zivile Opfer fordert. Andererseits werden vermehrt «prestigeträchtige» Ziele anvisiert, das heisst hohe Sicherheitsbeamte.“ (
SFH, 12 September 2011, p. 5-6)
Abductions and disappearances
“Похищения и насильственные исчезновения людей по-прежнему остаются одной из распространённых форм грубейших нарушений прав человека в Дагестане. За эти годы сложилась целая система незаконного насилия, включающая в себя неотъемлемые элементы – похищение людей, применение к ним пыток и осуществление внесудебных казней части похищенных. В Дагестане объектом похищений обычно становятся люди, исповедующие фундаменталистское направление ислама (салафизм), именно их силовики подозревают в пособничестве или причастности к вооружённому подполью. В Дагестане, как и в других республиках Северного Кавказа, нередко похищают и впоследствии убивают идеологов этого течения, тех, кому сложно предъявить официальные обвинения, но кого силовики считают «опасными». Впрочем, среди похищенных есть люди, не принадлежащие к салафитскому течению.“ (
Memorial, 13 April 2011, p. 28)
“Government personnel, rebels, and criminal elements continued to engage in abductions in the North Caucasus. […] Security forces in Chechnya, Dagestan, and Ingushetiya frequently abducted or detained individuals for several days without immediate explanation or charge. Human rights groups believed the numbers of abductions were underreported because victims’ relatives were reluctant to complain to authorities due to fear of reprisal. Generally, there was no accountability for government security personnel involved in abductions. Criminal groups in the region, possibly with links to rebel forces, frequently resorted to kidnapping for ransom.“ (
USDOS, 24 May 2012, Section 1g)
“In Dagestan sei hauptsächlich das eigene Innenministerium für die Verletzung der Bürgerrechte verantwortlich, erklärte Saur Gasijew von Memorial Dagestan im Frühjahr 2011,wobei er sich explizit auch auf Folter und Misshandlung bezog.“ (
SFH, 12 September 2011, p. 11)
Timeline of attacks in Dagestan
Please note: Although a lot of information on the Russian Federation is available in Russian language only, currently only selected Russian documents are available on ecoi.net. No Russian language publisher is currently among the sources regularly covered by ecoi.net. The following timeline therefore does not purport to be an exhaustive list of attacks in Dagestan, but shall serve as an overview and introduction to the subject.
2011
“In 2011, at least 824 persons fell victim to the armed conflict in Dagestan, including 413 casualties and 411 more persons, who received wounds of various gravity. As compared with 2010, the total count of victims went up by more than 20 percent – in 2010, there were 685 of them. The main blow fell on civilians. […]
In 2011, 86 explosions in Dagestan were reported, which killed 58 persons, including 14 power agents, 12 militants and 32 civilians. In total, 180 persons were wounded, including 113 power agents and 67 civilians. […]
In 2011 in Dagestan, the losses among members of the armed underground made 173 persons, including suicide bombers and those, liquidated as a result of "counterterrorist" operations of power agents. Besides, at least 103 persons were detained by law enforcement bodies on suspicion of involvement in the armed underground. […]
In 2011, in total, 111 employees of law enforcement bodies perished as a result of shelling, explosions and armed clashes; and 281 others were wounded. […]
The confrontation of power agents and the armed underground results in victims among the civil population. Thus, in 2011, there were 259 such victims in Dagestan.
In 2011, at least 129 civilians were lost in Dagestan as a result of explosions, shelling, terror acts and attacks; and at least 130 civilians were wounded. […]
Kidnappings and disappearances continued: in total in 2011 in Dagestan at least 31 such cases were registered. In 2010, there were at least 18 such incidents.“ (
Caucasian Knot, 5 January 2012)
2012
January
“On January 11, a Russian Interior Ministry Internal Troops serviceman was wounded and a rebel was killed in a shootout near the village of Bolshaya Arshevka in Dagestan’s Kizlyar district. […] (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, January 11). […] Also on January 11, one police bomb disposal expert was killed and ten other policemen were wounded while trying to defuse a huge IED discovered in Dagestan’s Kizilyurt district, on the side of the road along a section of the Kavkaz federal highway two kilometers from the village of Komsomolskoe.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 13 January 2012)
“In Dagestan, two policemen were wounded today (January 13) when a police road patrol unit was attacked in the town of Izerbash. […] (www.newsru.com, January 13).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 13 January 2012)
“On January 14, a Federal Security Service (FSB) warrant officer was shot and killed in the capital Makhachkala. The officer was reportedly killed by a lone shooter armed with a pistol (Interfax, January 14). […] In yet another incident on January 14, a militant was killed in a shootout with security forces on the outskirts of the village of Bolshaya Areshevka in Dagestan’s Kizlyar district. The slain rebel was identified as Ruslan Sagidkhadzhiev, the main bomb specialist for the rebel group operating in the Kizlyar district (www.newsru.com, January 14).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 20 January 2012)
“In Dagestan today (January 20), three alleged militants were killed in a shootout with security forces in the republic’s Khasavyurt district. According to the Anti-Terrorist Committee, two of the slain suspects were identified as 25-year-old twin brothers Sabit and Said Akaev, who, according to the committee were “active members of the armed underground” who had been involved in burning down shops and extorting money from businessmen, as well as the murder of Akhmed Osmanov, an aide to the imam of the Khasavyurt district village of Aksai, last November, and a policeman in the district last October (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, January 20).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 20 January 2012)
“On January 21, three people were killed when a car blew up on the outskirts of the Dagestani city of Izberbash. The explosion occurred as the car was turning off the Kavkaz federal highway and heading into the city (Interfax, January 21).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 27 January 2012)
“Also on January 27, four Russian servicemen and five suspected Islamist rebels were killed in a clash in the neighboring Republic of Daghestan. Security officials said the men were killed in a shoot-out during a security operation in Daghestan's Kizlyar district. Russian National Antiterrorism Committee spokesman Nikolai Sintsov told reporters that a cache of weapons had been found.“ (
RFE/RL, 27 January 2012)
“On January 27, a police major, Kurban Akhmedov, was shot and killed as he was getting out of his car and walking to his home in the village of Chapaevo in Dagestan’s Kumtorkalinsky district. A law-enforcement source was quoted as saying that Akhmedov worked for the Dagestani Interior Ministry’s anti-extremism center (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, January 27).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 3 February 2012)
February
“One police commando was killed and another was wounded during the special operation in Gurbuki, which began on February 10 (www.rian.ru, February 10).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 17 February 2012)
“Russian security services say they have killed an Islamist rebel leader accused of plotting a failed terrorist attack in Moscow. The militant leader, Ibragimkhalil Daudov -- also known as ‘Saleh’ -- was reported killed on February 11 during a police operation in the Karabudakhkent district of Daghestan, in Russia's North Caucasus. Three other militants were also reported killed in the operation. Daudov had been on federal wanted lists for planning a suicide bomb attack in Moscow on New Year's Eve 2010. […] Daudov was seen as active in arms trafficking, bombings, and extortion, and had led Daghestan's main militant group since April 2011, after its previous leader was killed.“ (
RFE/RL, 15 February 2012)
“Three Russian police officers have been reported killed and six others injured in a gun battle with suspected Islamic militants along the Chechen-Daghestan border. The Interfax news agency, citing a regional law enforcement official, reported that the fighting broke out after police discovered a group of insurgents in a forest on the evening of February 13. Following the violence, government troops were reported to have moved into the area the next day to search for the militants.“ (
RFE/RL, 14 February 2012)
“Also in Dagestan yesterday (February 16), two alleged militants were killed by police in a special operation in the village of Mutsalaul in the republic’s Khasavyurt district. No security forces members were hurt in that operation (www.interfax.ru, February 16).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 17 February 2012)
“Chechen Republic leader Ramzan Kadyrov says fierce fighting in eastern Chechnya along the border with neighboring Daghestan has left dozens dead and injured. Russian news agencies have quoted Kadyrov as saying that a band of some 20 militants led by Magarbi Timiraliyev (aka Abudar) was ‘destroyed’ on February 17. It is not clear if Timiraliyev is among the dead. Seven of the fighters were apparently killed on Friday, while 13 fighters from the band were reported killed earlier.
In an operation by security forces in the region over several days, 13 government troops were killed and 20 injured. Kadyrov said the operation was being conducted in conjunction with security forces in Daghestan and is continuing. He said the mountains were being cleared of resistance fighters because ‘construction of a tourist complex is getting under way’.“ (
RFE/RL, 17 February 2012)
“On February 27, a police major was shot and killed in Makhachkala. The attack took place around 8:20 pm, local time, when unidentified gunmen shot the officer using automatic weapons. The victim died on the spot (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, February 27).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 2 March 2012)
“On February 27, the bodies of five hunters were found in Dagestan’s Karabudakhkentsky district. The five men, all of them residents of the village of Karabudakhkent, had been shot to death, and investigators found 29 spent 7.62 mm cartridges, 15 spent cartridges from a Makarov pistol and four spent 5.45 mm cartridges at the scene of the crime. The victims had apparently been tied together and shot to death execution style. Kommersant quoted law-enforcement sources as saying they were certain the hunters were killed by members of the Kadarsky jamaat, made up of residents of the villages of Karamakhi, Chabanmakhi and Dorgeli. The newspaper said the hunters may have been killed after accidently stumbling on a rebel dugout (www.kommersant.ru, February 28).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 2 March 2012)
March
“Two alleged rebels were killed late yesterday (March 1) during a special operation in the village of Mutsalaul in Dagestan’s Khasavyurt district. The two were among a group of up to four suspected rebels blockaded by security forces in a private home in the village, and were reportedly shot when they put up armed resistance (www.newsru.com, March 2).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 2 March 2012)
“A police colonel was assassinated today (March 2) in Dagestan’s capital Makhachkala. The victim, identified as 51-year-old Magomed Musaev, the deputy head of the criminal investigation department in Makhachkala’s Sovietsky district, was shot by unidentified attackers as he drove to work. According to initial reports, his wife was with him in the car at the time of the attack and was also killed. According to subsequent reports, the second person killed in the attack was a female passerby. The Dagestani Interior Ministry reported that the attack on Musaev was not the first attempt on his life (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, March 2).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 2 March 2012)
“Three police officers have been killed in Russia's North Caucasus region of Daghestan when unknown gunmen attacked near a polling station, Russia's Interior Ministry reports. One gunman was also reported killed in the attack, which took place in the Khasavyurt region.“ (
RFE/RL, 4 March 2012)
“In another attack on March 6, two gunmen shot up a police post in the Dagestani city of Kaspiisk, killing one policeman and wounding a civilian who happened to be inside the police post’s office at the time of the attack. The attackers reportedly escaped in a taxi they seized at gunpoint from its driver, which was later found abandoned on the outskirts of the city. The taxi driver was not hurt in the incident. The civilian wounded in the attack died the following day in the hospital (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, March 6-7).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 9 March 2012)
“Also on March 6, the director of a medical school in the Dagestani town of Izberbash, Magomedrasul Gorurchunov, was shot to death by three gunmen. The attackers used a car commandeered at gunpoint to carry out the attack. The driver of the car was not hurt in the incident (www.newsru.com, March 7).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 9 March 2012)
“A suicide bomber has killed herself and five police officers in Dagestan, Russia, weeks after security forces killed her husband, prosecutors say. The bomber attacked a checkpoint in the village of Karabudakhkent using a bomb packed with shrapnel, and two other police officers were wounded.“ (
BBC, 7 March 2012)
“On March 11, three people were killed in a special operation in Makhachkala, including a woman. One of those killed was identified as Eldoz Zulfugarov, leader of the Makhachkala armed underground, while the woman was identified as the wife of one of the two rebels. The second rebel was later identified as Magomedkhan Tagirov, member of the Makhachkala armed underground (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, March 12).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 16 March 2012)
“On March 13, Dagestan’s Interior Ministry reported that an “active participant in the terrorist underground” was killed in a wooded area on the outskirts of the village of Gubden in the republic’s Karabudakhkentsky district when he refused to surrender and put up armed resistance. He was identified as Arslanali Abusaidov, who was on the federal wanted list for terrorist and criminal activities, including a December 2011 attack on the Gubden police headquarters and the robbery of a pension delivery man in the village of Gurbuki in November 2011 (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, March 13).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 16 March 2012)
“On March 14, authorities said an alleged rebel was shot and killed in Makhachkala when he refused to surrender and fired on police. He was identified as Magomed Madzhigatov (www.newsru.com, March 15).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 16 March 2012)
“Two suspected rebels and a law-enforcement officer were killed on March 18 during a special operation in the village of Novosasatli in Dagestan’s Khasavyurt district. […] Two other law-enforcement officers were wounded in the exchange. The two suspected rebels were later identified as Shamil Nutsalkhanov and Daniyal Zaragalov, both alleged members of the ‘Novosasatli bandit group’ accused of involvement in extorting local businessmen, attacks on police and bomb blasts (www.regnum.ru, www.interfax.ru, March 18).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 23 March 2012)
“Also on March 21, a young judo wrestler was shot and killed as he was leaving a sports complex in the Dagestani capital and heading for his car (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, March 22).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 23 March 2012)
“Police in Russia's North Caucasus republic of Daghestan say the imam of the central mosque in the city of Buinaksk and his bodyguard have been killed in an explosion. Gitinmagomed Abdulgapurov's death early Friday was the fifth killing of a Muslim cleric in the restive province in the past two years.“ (
RFE/RL, 23 March 2012)
“On March 23, three suspected militants were killed in a special operation in the village of Oktyabrskoe in Dagestan’s Khasavyurt district. The three were identified as Magomed Musaev, Murtuz Zakarigaev and Adulla Dzhamalov. According to the Russian National Anti-Terrorist Committee, the three were involved in an attack on a polling station on March 4, the day that Russia’s presidential election took place. Three policemen and one suspected militant died in that incident (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, March 25).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 30 March 2012)
“Also on March 24, gunmen attacked a police post in the Dagestani village of Dzhemikent on the Kavkaz federal highway. One attacker was killed while three others managed to escape. None of the police officers manning the post was hurt in the attack (Interfax, March 24).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 30 March 2012)
“Two police officers have died after an attack by unknown militants in the Daghestani town of Khasavyurt. One of the officers died at the scene, the other in a local hospital. Officials say the attackers opened fire on the officers' vehicle, then stole a car and drove away.“ (
RFE/RL, 31 March 2012)
“From the start of the year until March 31, 2012, at least 116 people fell victim to the armed confrontation of law enforcers and militants, including 83 casualties and at least 33 wounded persons. […] During the reporting period, 19 civilians were killed in Dagestan in the armed conflict. The death toll includes 27 law enforcers and 37 persons, involved, according to law enforcement bodies, in the armed underground.“ (
Caucasian Knot, 12 April 2012)
April
“On April 2-3, in two separate incidents in Dagestan’s Sergokala district, six insurgents and one Interior Ministry soldier were killed (http://www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/204241/, April 4).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 9 April 2012)
“In nearby Daghestan, the Interfax news agency reports Russian Interior Ministry forces battled rebels in a forest near the village of Kakirkent. The report said three rebels and one Interior Ministry soldier were killed in the gun battle.“ (
RFE/RL, 3 April 2012)
“On the plains, in Khasavyurt district on April 6, unidentified attackers gunned down a police officer. A civilian who was in the car with the officer was wounded and subsequently died in the hospital (http://www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/204423/, April 7).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 9 April 2012)
“On April 8, a suspect rebel was killed in the city of Khasavyurt when he resisted the police’s attempt to establish his identity. According to police, the slain man, 27-year-old Said Goitiev, had joined the rebel forces a year earlier, while his relatives asserted he had disappeared (http://dagestan.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/204478/, April 8).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 9 April 2012)
“A series of bomb blasts in Russia's North Caucasus region of Daghestan have killed a militant and the wife of a local security officer, and left others wounded. Citing local police reports, Russian news agencies say a suspected Islamic militant was killed in an apartment in the capital, Makhachkala, when a bomb he was making accidentally exploded. A separate car bomb in the city later killed the wife of a colonel in the local branch of Russia's Federal Security Service (FSB). The colonel was also injured in the blast. A third blast outside a Makhachkala shop late on April 15 injured two female students.“ (
RFE/RL, 16 April 2012)
“Also on April 16, security forces searching a wooded area near the settlement of Tukhchar in Dagestan’s Novolaksky district came across a group of rebels. One rebel was killed and three law enforcement personnel – two Interior Ministry Internal Troops servicemen and a local policeman – were wounded in the ensuing shootout (www.kavkaz-uzel.ru, April 18).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 20 April 2012)
“On April 17, a local resident of the town of Kizlyar suspected of being a militant was killed by police when he allegedly resisted arrest on a road near the village of Sulimkent in Dagestgan’s Khasavyurt district. The National Anti-Terrorist Center identified him as 32-year-old Shamil Gadzhiev (kavkaz-uzel.ru, April 17).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 20 April 2012)
“Also on April 18, one policeman was killed and two others were wounded in a shootout between law-enforcement personnel and rebels in the mountains of Dagestan’s Tsumadinsky district. […] The slain policeman was a sergeant (kavkaz-uzel.ru, April 18). […] Police reported yesterday (April 19) that the bodies of two alleged militants were found near Kvanada and that they were probably also victims of the previous day’s shootout.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 20 April 2012)
“Yesterday (April 19), three suspected militants were killed in Khasavyurt. […] The National Anti-Terrorist Center identified the slain alleged militants as Ramazan Saritov, the head of a rebel group operating in Dagestan; Zelimkhan Kutsaev, a member of a rebel group; and Arsen Kakaev, ‘an active accomplice of the bandits. […] (newsru.com, April 19).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 20 April 2012)
“Also yesterday (April 19), the Kavkazsky Uzel website reported it had received a text message that two vehicles, a Russian-made car and a Jeep, had come under fire near the district police headquarters in Khasavyurt. The website quoted the text messages as saying that a high-level police official was likely traveling in a two-vehicle convoy that was the target of heavy gunfire from two directions and that people inside the vehicles had been killed. (kavkaz-uzel.ru, April 19). There was no official confirmation of – or other media reports about – the alleged attack.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 20 April 2012)
“In Daghestan, meanwhile, police in the Kumtorkalinsk district, some three kilometers north of Makhachkala, say they were attempting to stop a vehicle when its occupants opened fire. Police returned fire, killing all three of the people who were in the car. Police say the occupants were militants. There were no casualties among police.“ (
RFE/RL, 23 April 2012)
“24.04.2012 - Bei einer Fahrzeugkontrolle in Chasawjurt (Dagestan) kommt es zu einem Feuergefecht. Dabei werden drei Untergrundkämpfer von Sicherheitskräften getötet.“ (
Universität Bremen, 4 May 2012, p. 25)
May
“Russia's North Caucasus region of Daghestan has declared May 5 a day of mourning after at least 14 people were killed in a double suicide bombing outside the republic's capital, Makhachkala. Officials said the first blast occurred late on May 3 when an explosive device was detonated inside a car that had stopped at a police checkpoint outside Makhachkala. A second bomb was detonated inside a minivan at the same site some 25 minutes later, hitting troops and investigators who responded to the initial blast. More than 100 people were injured.“ (
RFE/RL, 3 May 2012)
“The qadi of Kizlyar district Sheikh Muhammad Didoiski was one of these respected Islamic teachers. Didoiski was recently killed near Tsvetkovo village in Kizlyar district or as the Caucasus Emirate calls it – the Kizlyar sector of the Valayat of Dagestan. […] Recently in the vicinity of the city of Kizlyar a group of about 10 insurgents was spotted near one of the major forests. Two days of clashes ensued from May 11 to 12, as the insurgents suffered 5 casualties and the Russian forces had 3 police officers and 4 military servicemen wounded (Ria.ru, May 11). Aside from the death of the qadi, officials also reported that a former police officer was found among the dead insurgents.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 17 May 2012)
“At the same time that clashes occurred near the city of Kizlyar, skirmishes also took place in the southern part of Dagestan in the border area between Sergokala and Kayakent districts. […] On May 12, an insurgent, a Turkish citizen better known among the rebels as Emir Abdusalam was killed in the special operation (Kavkaz, May 13). Government forces also suffered losses, as one of the servicemen was killed in the incident, according to the official information about the operation.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 17 May 2012)
“Russian Army officials say that security forces have killed seven suspected insurgents in the southern Daghestan region in the past several days. […] At least two soldiers and two police officers died in the initial firefights on May 10.“ (
RFE/RL, 14 May 2012)
“Russia's National Antiterror Committee has announced that a suspected leader of the Islamist insurgency in the Russian North Caucasus republic of Daghestan has been killed in a special operation by security forces. Officials said Gusein Mamaev, 24, was shot dead on May 15 during the operation in Daghestan's capital, Makhachkala. Officials have linked Mamaev to a double bomb attack in Makhachkala on May 3 that killed at least 13 people, many of whom were security officers. Mamaev was allegedly the leader of the Islamic insurgency in Makhachkala.“ (
RFE/RL, 16 May 2012)
“20.05.2012 - Im Rayon Chasawjurt (Dagestan) werden zwei Untergrundkämpfer getötet. Darunter Aslan Mamedow, Spitzname ‚Muas‘, Amir des nördlichen Sektors und dritte Person in der Hierarchie der Untergrundkämpfer in Dagestan. Bei dem Einsatz wird ein Soldat verletzt.“ (
Universität Bremen, 1 June 2012, p. 20)
“Authorities in Daghestan say the deputy sports minister of the violence-plagued Russian North Caucasus republic has been shot dead. An Interior Ministry spokesman said Nasir Gadzhikhanov, a former European champion wrestler, died after his car came under automatic weapons fire late on May 29 in the Daghestani capital, Makhachkala.“ (
RFE/RL, 30 May 2012)
“On May 31, the former police chief of Dagestan’s Untsukul district, Magomed Abdulmalikov, was killed in Buinaksk. […] Also on May 31, a group of militants robbed a government employee of $20,000 in salaries for social services employees in the mountainous Tsuntinsky district. Several hours later, the same group of militants killed physical education schoolteacher, Zaurbek Gazimagomedov, in the village of Tsebari. The militants set the school and the school’s gym on fire. Gazimagomedov was reportedly known for his public stance against the rebels. […] A rebel group led by Gamzat Koiniev is thought to have been behind the attack. Koiniev comes from the village of Khutrakh (http://kommersant.ru/doc/1950364, June 2).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 4 June 2012)
June
“On June 1, a road police officer was killed after stopping a car in Makhachkala. No gunshots were heard during the incident, so a handgun with silencer may have been used (http://dagestan.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/207524/, June 1).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 4 June 2012
“Officials say one police officer has been killed and another wounded in a shooting attack on their car in Russia's volatile North Caucasus republic of Daghestan. The incident is reported to have taken place late June 6 near the town of Kizilyurt.“ (
RFE/RL, 7 June 2012)
“On the night of June 21-22, unidentified assailants killed a 62-year-old woman who practiced folk healing. Such practitioners are frequently targeted by the militants in Dagestan.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 28 June 2012)
“On June 22, an unidentified person with law enforcement agency identification documents was killed on Imam Shamil Boulevard in central Makhachkala. According to rebel sources, the slain person was an FSB officer. That same day, an alcohol-trading retail store was blown up. Rebels often attack such stores.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 28 June 2012)
“Officials in Daghestan say they have detained a man suspected of the murder of the head of the local social security office in the settlement of Akusha. Police said Abdulla Aliyev was shot dead earlier on June 25 at the entrance to the Pension Fund office. The gunmen fled the scene. Police said two suspects were spotted at a nearby area some 90 minutes later. Russian news agencies quoted unnamed police sources as saying one of the suspects was wounded in an exchange of gunfire. He was detained, while the other fled to a forest. A police officer was fatally wounded during the gunfire exchange. He died on the way to hospital.“ (
RFE/RL, 25 June 2012)
“Officials in Russia’s volatile North Caucasus republic of Daghestan say an imam and another person have been shot dead in an attack on a mosque. Officials said the attackers also set the mosque on fire in the attack shortly before midnight on June 28 in the settlement of Karamakhi, in the Buinaksk district.“ (
RFE/RL, 29 June 2012)
“In April, May and June 2012, in the territory of Dagestan, at least 237 persons suffered from the armed conflict in Northern Caucasus; of whom 102 persons were killed and 135 more wounded. […] The second quarter of 2012 claimed lives of 33 power agents and 61 persons, involved, according to law enforcement bodies, in the armed underground. Besides, eight civilians were killed.“ (
Caucasian Knot, 11 July 2012)
July
“03.07.2012 - Bei einem Spezialeinsatz der Sicherheitskräfte in Shdanowo im Rayon Kisljar (Dagestan) werden vier mutmaßliche Untergrundkämpfer in einem Haus blockiert und getötet.“ (
Universität Bremen, 13 July 2012, p. 26)
“06.07.2012 - In einem Vorort von Machatschkala in Dagestan werden bei der Abwehr eines Überfalls auf einen Polizeiposten drei Untergrundkämpfer getötet.“ (
Universität Bremen, 13 July 2012, p. 26)
“On July 10, the joint forces of the Buinaksk district police and the republican police stopped a car near the village of Chankurbe on the road connecting it with the village of Dorgeli. When the police attempted to check the driver’s documents, he fired shots at them. The attacker was killed in the shootout and subsequently identified as Rasul Adilgereyev (www.regnum.ru/news/kavkaz/dagestan/1550096.html#ixzz20fbQZmHe).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 19 July 2012)
“On July 14, eight people, including seven rebels, were killed and three were injured in a clash between the government and rebel forces. According to official sources, the law enforcement officers exchanged fire with a group of militants who were in a car on the highway connecting the towns of Izberbash and Sergokala. The militants retreated to vineyards near the village of Uitamysh in Dagestan’s Kayakent district, where they put up a fight. One policeman was killed and three others were wounded in the clash, according to preliminary information (www.itar-tass.com/c1/472533.html). […] Two of the seven slain suspected militants were identified as 28-year-old Islam Magomedov (aka Emir Abdulkhalik) and 29-year-old Arsen Magomedov (aka Emir Abdula). Islam Magomedov, who is believed to be the head of the Sergokala jamaat, has been on the Russian federal wanted list since 2010.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 19 July 2012)
“Also on July 14, unknown assailants captured an SUV in the town of Yuzhny Khushet, which is in Makhachkala’s suburbs, and fired shots at two police cars with riot police (OMON) officers in them. The drivers, police officers Magomedrasul Asgedinov and Magomednuri Gamzatov, died on the spot in the attack. The attackers also seized the slain servicemen’s guns (www.ria.ru/crime/20120715/699781532.html#ixzz20fOrNXc7).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 19 July 2012)
“Having been tipped off about the whereabouts of several members of the armed resistance in Dagestan, the republican security services identified their location on July 21. Special units of the FSB (Federal Security Service) and the Interior Ministry blocked the suspected rebels in a four-story, two-entrance apartment block on Sulakskaya Street in the town of Semender, a Makhachkala suburb. […] According to sources in the security services, the rebels responded to an offer to surrender by firing chaotically and were quickly killed by return fire. One of the rebels was preliminarily identified as 37-year-old Temirbek Temirbekov, better known as Emir Abu Muaz, the leader of the Kizilyurt jamaat. […] The second rebel killed in the incident was identified as 39-year-old Rustam Yakhyaev (http://xn--c1adwdmv.xn--p1ai/news/kavkaz/1554670.html).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 27 July 2012)
“According to sources in the Dagestani Interior Ministry, on July 24 the Interior Ministry and FSB forces located several members of the armed opposition in the village of Novy Kostek in Khasavyurt district. The Russian National Antiterrorist Committee reported that three suspected rebels were killed in an ensuing shootout. Two of the slain suspects were preliminarily identified as brothers: 46-year-old Kurban Aliev and 38-year-old Shakhban Aliev of Novy Kostek village. The identity of the third suspect was not established (www.rg.ru/2012/07/24/reg-skfo/opoznani-anons.html). […] A Dagestani law enforcement agent was wounded during the shootout.“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 27 July 2012)
“Officials in Russia say police and security forces have killed six suspected armed militants in Makhachkala, capital of the North Caucasus republic of Daghestan. Officials said the violence occurred on July 27 after militants, including women, surrounded an apartment block in Makhachkala's outskirts and refused to leave. Officials said that after children who were with the group were allowed to leave, the militants opened fire on security forces. Officials said six suspected militants were killed in return fire.“ (
RFE/RL, 27 July 2012)
August
“Another crime that appears to have been committed by police took place on August 1, when masked people in uniforms stopped a car on the highway in Dagestan’s Kumtorkala district and shot dead the 57-year-old driver. […] (http://www.regnum.ru/news/kavkaz/dagestan/1557673.html).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 8 August 2012)
“A policeman has been severely injured in a bombing attack in Russia's volatile republic of Daghestan in the North Caucasus. Local law enforcement officials say an explosive device detonated in the car of Lieutenant Rustam Magomedov in the city of Buinaksk, tearing off his leg. Officials say the attack against Magomedov was probably in connection with his professional activities. The attack took place several hours after another policeman was shot dead by unknown attackers in Daghestan's Kizilyurt district.“ (
RFE/RL, 2 August 2012)
“On August 2, two separate large-scale counter-terrorism operations were simultaneously carried out in the republic’s Buinaksk and Tsumada districts. Military and police forces that were dispatched to the republic from other regions of Russia participated in both special operations. A police officer was wounded during the counter-terrorism operation in Tsumada district while, according to government sources, one rebel was killed during the operation in Buinaksk district. Just a few hours later in the city of Buinaksk, an IED exploded under police officer’s car and killed him. […] (http://www.regnum.ru/news/kavkaz/dagestan/1558043.html).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 8 August 2012)
“The Interior Ministry in the Russian republic of Daghestan says that a wanted militant and a member of the security forces were killed overnight in a village near Makhachkala. The suspected militant, identified as Yusup Martazaliev, was wanted for being a member of an illegal armed group. Security forces traced him to the village of Shamkhal early on the morning of August 4. Martazaliev opened fire on the troops and was killed when security forces returned fire. One member of the security forces was also killed and another wounded in the gun battle.“ (
RFE/RL, 4 August 2012)
“Two police officers in Russia's southern republic of Daghestan have been killed in an attack by armed militants. Law enforcement sources quoted by Russian news agencies say the pair died of gunshot wounds when their vehicle came under fire on a road in the republic's Tsuntinsky district. A third officer was severely injured.“ (
RFE/RL, 6 August 2012)
“Officials say five policemen and three militants in a shoot-out with suspected armed militants in the Daghestan region in Russia's volatile North Caucasus. Russian Investigative Committee officials said the police were attacked in Daghestan's Botlikh district when they arrived in the village of Chanko to check reports from local residents that a group of armed people had been spotted in a forest close to the village.“ (
RFE/RL, 9 August 2012)
“A police officer seriously injured in a car explosion in Russia's restive Daghestan region has died in the hospital. According to the republic's investigative department, ‘an unidentified criminal set off an explosive device planted on the bottom of a Nissan car driven by Ibragim Mamayev’ in the city of Buinaksk early in the morning on August 14. Captain Mamayev was the head of a local detention center in Buinaksk.“ (
RFE/RL, 14 August 2012)
“Two masked attackers have opened fire in a mosque in Russia's troubled North Caucasus region of Dagestan, wounding eight people, local officials say. Most of the injured in the town of Khasavyurt suffered gunshots to the chest and stomach. Hours later, an explosive device went off in the same mosque, reportedly injuring more people.“ (
BBC, 19 August 2012)
“A Russian soldier has been killed in an attack on a checkpoint in the Tsunta district of Daghestan in Russia's restive North Caucasus region. Officials said an unknown gang fired automatic weapons at a checkpoint manned by Russian Defense Ministry soldiers. Russian news agencies quote officials as saying the attack occurred on August 20.“ (
RFE/RL, 21 August 2012)
“Police in the Russian North Caucasus republic of Daghestan say one Russian soldier was killed and three police were injured when a man opened fire at a security post late on August 22. Police said the gunman was shot and killed by police in the violence near the village of Mokok in the Tsuntinsk district. […] Also late on August 22 in Daghestan, police said a police captain was shot by unknown assailants outside his home in the Babayurt area and later died of his wounds.“ (
RFE/RL, 23 August 2012)
“24.08.2012 - In Schamchal (Dagestan) werden bei einer Fahrzeugkontrolle durch Sicherheitsbeamte zwei mutmaßliche Untergrundkämpfer getötet. Diese hatten zuvor das Feuer eröffnet.“ (
Universität Bremen, 21 September 2012, p. 23)
“One police officer was killed and three others wounded when their patrol in the Daghestani town of Khasavyurt was attacked late on August 25.“ (
RFE/RL, 26 August 2012a)
“A bomb blast has killed a leading Islamic scholar and at least five others in Russia's volatile North Caucasus republic of Dagestan. Sheikh Said Afandi, a 74-year-old Sufi Muslim, was killed by a suspected female suicide bomber in his home, Russian media quoted police as saying. The blast happened in the village of Chirkey in the southern republic, which borders Chechnya.“ (
BBC, 28 August 2012)
“Later on August 28, Russian news agencies reported that as many as seven soldiers died when a fellow soldier opened fire on them near the town of Derbent in Daghestan. […] The reports said the soldier who fired the shots was killed when other soldiers returned fire. Later reports from Russian news agencies said the rogue soldier may have been recruited by Islamic militants.“ (
RFE/RL, 28 August 2012)
“Three Georgian soldiers and 11 suspected militants have been killed in an army operation along the border with Russia, Georgian officials said. Georgia deployed forces to free several people taken hostage by the gunmen. The gunmen had crossed from the Russian republic of Dagestan, where armed Islamist insurgents operate, Georgia's interior ministry said.“ (
BBC, 29 August 2012)
“Authorities in Russia's restive Daghestan region say two suspected militants have been killed in a special operation in the republic's Leninkent residential area near the capital, Makhachkala.“ (
RFE/RL, 31 August 2012)
September
“Officials in Russia's restive North Caucasus republic of Daghestan say one militant was killed and a security officer was wounded in a shootout between unknown gunmen and security forces. Reports say the gunmen opened fire on the troops during the early afternoon in Daghestan's Kizlyar district, wounding one of the officers.“ (
RFE/RL, 13 September 2012)
“Five militants and one police officer were killed in fighting in Russia's North Caucasus province of Dagestan on Saturday, law enforcement authorities said. Security forces exchanged gunfire with militants they discovered in the basement of a kindergarten in a village near Russia's border with ex-Soviet Georgia, the Moscow-based National Anti-terrorism Committee said in a statement. It said one police officer was killed and three others were wounded in the fighting with the militants, four of whom it said were wanted for killings in the area over the past two years. Russian news agencies reported that most of the fighting took place after the gunmen took refuge in a home in the village of Khutrakh. The home was destroyed, Interfax agency reported.“ (
Reuters, 15 September 2012)
“23.09.2012 - Bei dem Versuch einer Fahrzeugkontrolle werden in Chasawjurt (Dagestan) bei einem Feuergefecht vier mutmaßliche Untergrundkämpfer durch Sicherheitskräfte getötet.“ (
Universität Bremen, 5 October 2012, p. 29)
“Dagestan remains the ‘hot spot’ there, during July, August and September, at least 204 persons fell victims to the armed confrontation. Of these, 147 persons were killed and 57 were wounded. The death toll includes 27 civilians, 40 power agents, and 80 persons, who, according to the law enforcement agencies, were involved in the activities of illegal armed formations (IAFs). The number of wounded persons includes 14 civilians, 40 power agents, and 3 suspected militants.“ (
Caucasian Knot, 5 October 2012)
October
“Officials say two alleged militant have been killed in a special operation by security forces in Russia's restive North Caucasus republic of Daghestan. Local officials say security forces are looking for more militants in the village of Chontaul in the dictrict of Kizilyurt. Security forces earlier in the day surrounded a group of gunmen holed up in a house in the village. Officials said the alleged militants refused to surrender and opened fire at security forces. Two alleged militants were killed in an exchange of fire, one of whom officials said was wanted by police for his alleged involvement in a series of attacks against law enforcement officers.“ (
RFE/RL, 1 October 2012)
“01.10.2012 - Bei einer Spezialoperation der Sicherheitskräfte in Gebiet Chasawjurt (Dagestan) wird ein mutmaßlicher Untergrundkämpfer getötet, drei weitere ergeben sich nach Verhandlungen.“ (
Universität Bremen, 5 October 2012, p. 30)
“Police in Russia's Republic of Daghestan in volatile North Caucasus say four suspected militants have been killed. The four suspects reportedly opened fire at police and security troops when their car was stopped on a highway in Daghestan’s Buinaksk district. Police had to fire back and killed the attackers. No casualties among police and security forces were reported. Police are trying to identify the assailants. Police found weapons and ammunition in the car.“ (
RFE/RL, 4 October 2012)
“Police in Russia's restive North Caucasus region of Daghestan say three armed militants have been killed in the city of Buinaksk. Authorities say the three had been holed up in an apartment on the fourth floor of a residential building since late on October 4. They refused to surrender and opened fire at security troops. A special operation to liquidate the group was launched. Police and sappers are working at the scene to identify the killed militants and secure the site's safety.“ (
RFE/RL, 5 October 2012)
“The body of a police officer who apparently was killed execution-style has been found killed near the city of Buinaksk in Russia's restive North Caucasus region of Daghestan. Local officials say the body of the police officer, who went missing on October 7, had a gunshot in the chest and his hands had been bound.“ (
RFE/RL, 8 October 2012a)
“The Interior Ministry in Russia's North Caucasus region of Daghestan says three suspected militants have been killed in the city of Makhachkala. Officials say policemen came under fire on October 8 as they attempted to stop a car containing the suspects. The policemen reportedly returned the fire, killing the three attackers. Two of the policemen were hospitalized with gunshot wounds.“ (
RFE/RL, 8 October 2012b)
“Officials in Russia's volatile Republic of Daghestan in the North Caucasus say three suspected militants were killed in a police operation in the district of Khasavyurt. Four security officers were wounded in the shoot-out. A special operation to locate other members of the armed group is under way. In a separate incident in Khasavyurt, law enforcement officers killed another militant on October 9. Earlier in the day, security forces conducted air strikes against militants groups near Daghestan's capital, Makhachkala. Russian police said they dropped two bombs on the mountain hideout of an outlaw group.“ (
RFE/RL, 9 October 2012)
“Authorities in the restive republic of Daghestan in Russia's North Caucasus say a militant has been killed in the Khasavyurt district. The man was holed up in a house in the village of Endirei and refused to surrender on October 11. Security forces and police used firearms after the man started shooting at them and injured one of the police officers. The alleged militant was identified as 22-year-old Khalimbek Khalimbekov.“ (
RFE/RL, 11 October 2012)
“Attackers have shot dead an imam and two of his male relations, as they drove to a mosque in the Russian North Caucasus region of Dagestan. They were shot on their way to morning prayers, close to the imam's home in the Caspian Sea town of Derbent, law enforcement sources told reporters. The cleric was named as Kalimulla Ibragimov, 49, who is said to have delivered sermons calling for peace. […] Three imams have been shot dead in the region since March, the Russian news website utro.ru reports.“ (
BBC, 30 October 2012)
November
“On November 5, an unknown assailant shot the chief of the forensic service in Makhachkala’s Kirovsky district, Valery Aidaev, in the head. Aidaev died on the way to the hospital (www.regnum.ru/news/kavkaz/dagestan/1589783.html).“ (
Jamestown Foundation, 9 November 2012)
“Security forces have killed two militants and a woman in a special operation in the city of Khasavyurt in Russia's North Caucasus republic of Daghestan. The two refused to surrender and fired at the police.“ (
RFE/RL, 7 November 2012)
“Local authorities in Russia's autonomous republic of Daghestan say another Muslim leader has been murdered. Imam Gadzhi Aliyev, known as a moderate, was shot dead near his house in the central Levashi district by unknown assailants on November 11.“ (
RFE/RL, 12 November 2012)
“Russian authorities say four militants have been killed in two separate incidents in Daghestan in the troubled North Caucasus region. A regional spokesman for Russia's Investigative Committee says security forces killed two militants in a special operation near the city of Khasavyurt on November 16. Two more militants were killed in a car after they reportedly opened fire at police near a village in the same district that day.“ (
RFE/RL, 16 November 2012)
“Interior Ministry officials in Russia's North Caucasus republic of Daghestan say a long-wanted militant leader has been killed. Taimas Taimasov, the alleged leader of a terrorist cell in the eastern village of Gubden, reportedly barricaded himself in a house there on November 20. Police say he refused to surrender and opened fire on security forces, killing one officer and seriously wounding another. Security forces stormed the house. Police say Taimasov was killed in the operation, but an associate who owned the house managed to escape.“ (
RFE/RL, 20 November 2012)
“Two policemen and a civilian have been killed after a bombing in Russia's North Caucasus Republic of Daghestan. Officials from the regional Investigative Committee say two bombs exploded on November 21 near a bank building in the village of Shamilkala in Daghestan's Untsukul district. The first bomb caused no injuries. A second device detonated at midday, killing three people while bomb-disposal experts were working at the scene.“ (
RFE/RL, 21 November 2012)
“24.11.2012 - Im Gebiet Kisiljurt (Dagestan) werden bei dem Beschuss eines Fahrzeugs durch Unbekannte zwei Personen getötet. Das Fahrzeug hatte ein militärisches Nummernschild.“ (
Universität Bremen, 30 November 2012, p. 27)
December
“A top-ranking official in Russia's Republic of Daghestan in the North Caucasus has been killed. Officials say police Lieutenant Colonel Gadzhi Dzhabatyrov of the Daghestani Interior Ministry's Economic Security and Anticorruption Department was killed in his home in the regional capital, Makhachkala. A spokesman for Daghestan’s branch of the Russian Investigations Committee said four unidentified attackers wearing masks broke into Dzhabatyrov’s house and shot him.“ (
RFE/RL, 9 December 2012)
“At least three people described as ‘militants’ have been killed in a shoot-out with police in the Daghestani capital Makhachkala. The gun battle started on the evening of December 13 when police were attempting to detain suspects.“ (
RFE/RL, 13 December 2012)
“Security forces have launched a raid on a building in capital of the Russian North Caucasus region of Daghestan, Makhachkala, killing seven members of an illegal armed group. The operation started on December 28 when security forces exchanged fire with one member of the armed group, killing the suspect. […] In a separate raid on December 28, police and security forces killed armed people in the village of Chontaul, in the Kizilyurt district.“ (
RFE/RL, 29 December 2012)
2013
January
“Security forces have reportedly killed a suspected militant in an operation in Russia's North Caucasus region of Daghestan. Russian news agencies are reporting that the raid in which a member of the security forces was also killed, took place in Novy Khushet, a village near the regional capital of Makhachkala.“ (
RFE/RL, 12 January 2013)
SOURCES: (all links accessed at 14 January 2013)
-
AI – Amnesty International: Amnesty International Report 2012 - The State of the World's Human Rights, 24 May 2012 [ID 217500]
http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/russia/report-2012
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BBC: Dagestan 'black widow' bomber kills Russian police, 7 March 2012 [ID 211852]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17284554
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BBC: Mosque attack in Russia's Dagestan leaves eight injured, 19 August 2012 [ID 224647]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19310088
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BBC: Bomb kills Russian Muslim cleric and others in Dagestan, 28 August 2012 [ID 225508]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-19402475
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BBC: Georgian army operation on Russian border leaves 14 dead, 29 August 2012 [ID 225753]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19414138
-
BBC: Russia Caucasus: Imam shot dead in Derbent, Dagestan, 30 October 2012 [ID 229878]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-20136051
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CACI – Central Asia-Caucasus Institute: Dagestan: The emerging Core of the North Caucasus Insurgency, 29 September 2010 [ID 147235]
http://www.cacianalyst.org/?q=node/5415
-
CACI – Central Asia Caucasus Institute: Chechen Troops in Dagestan: A Step Toward "Kadyrovization", 4 April 2012 [ID 213796]
http://cacianalyst.org/?q=node/5749
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Caucasian Knot: Dagestan: 824 persons lost or wounded in 2011 in armed conflict, 5 January 2012 [ID 210695]
http://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/19591/
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Caucasian Knot: Dagestan: 116 victims of armed conflict in the first quarter of 2012, 12 April 2012 [ID 225670]
http://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/20728/
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Caucasian Knot: Dagestan: Dagestan: 237 persons suffered from armed conflict in the second quarter of 2012, 11 July 2012 [ID 225671]
http://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/21542/
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Caucasian Knot: Dagestan: In the third quarter of 2012, 383 persons fell victims to armed conflict in Northern Caucasus, 5 October 2012 [ID 230300]
http://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/22481/
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CSIS – Center for Strategic and International Studies: Radical Islam in the North Caucasus; Evolving Threats, Challenges, and Prospects, 29 November 2010 [ID 150780]
http://csis.org/files/publication/101122_Markedonov_RadicalIslam_Web.pdf
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HRW – Human Rights Watch: World Report 2012, 22 January 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 208831]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/208831/314397_en.html
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ICG - International Crisis Group: The North Caucasus: The Challenges of Integration (I), Ethnicity and Conflict, 19 October 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 229350]
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1350913897_220-the-north-caucasus-the-challenges-of-integration-i-ethnicity-and-conflict.pdf
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IWPR – Institute for War and Peace Reporting: Implications of Chechen Parliament Raid, 25 October 2010 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 148405]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/148405/249577_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Support for Salafists Among Dagestani Youth Reaches Record Level, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 14 December 2011 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 216670]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/216670/323187_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Start of 2012 Sees No Let-Up in North Caucasus Violence - Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 9 Issue: 9, 13 January 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 208940]
https://www.ecoi.net/local_link/208940/314572_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: No Let-Up in Rebel Attacks on Law-Enforcement Personnel in Dagestan - Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 9 Issue: 14, 20 January 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 208935]
https://www.ecoi.net/local_link/208935/314567_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Insurgency-Related Violence Reported In Dagestan, Ingushetia And Kabardino-Balkaria, 27 January 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 210697]
https://www.ecoi.net/local_link/210697/316497_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Insurgency-Related Incidents Reported in Chechnya, Dagestan and Kabardino-Balkaria, 3 February 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 210698]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/210698/323107_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Policemen and Rebel Leader Killed in Dagestan, 17 February 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 210699]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/210699/316499_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Insurgency Related Incidents Reported in Dagestan and Ingushetia, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 5, 2 March 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 216039]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/216039/322516_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Dagestani Militants Continue to Target Policemen, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 6, 9 March 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 216033]
https://www.ecoi.net/local_link/216033/322510_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Security Forces Conduct a Series of Special Operations in Kabardino-Balkaria and Dagestan, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 6, 16 March 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 216038]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/216038/322515_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Insurgency-Related Violence Reported in Dagestan and Ingushetia, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 7, 23 March 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 216023]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/216023/322500_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Insurgency-Related Violence Reported in Ingushetia, Dagestan and Kabardino-Balkaria, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 7, 30 March 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 216030]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/216030/322507_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Dagestan’s President Promises a Decisive Crackdown on the Insurgency, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 8, 9 April 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 216019]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/216019/322496_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Dagestan Remains the Hot Spot of Insurgent Activity in the North Caucasus, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 9, 20 April 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 216014]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/216014/322491_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Instability in Southern Dagestan widens despite deaths of militant leaders, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 10, 17 May 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 221940]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/221940/329319_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Dagestan Sees a Spike in Violence as the Government Promises Political Reforms, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 12, 4 June 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 221937]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/221937/329314_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Dagestan's Security Situation Remains Problematic Despite Increased Military Presence, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 13, 28 June 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 221936]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/221936/329313_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Dagestan Insurgency Grinds on as Officials Borrow Methods Used in Chechnya, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 15, 19 July 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 223566]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/223566/331103_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Kizilyurt Remains a Hotbed of the Dagestani Insurgency, North Caucasus Analysis Volume: 13 Issue: 15, 27 July 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 223542]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/223542/331079_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Dagestan’s Government Is Forced to Rely on Crude Force, Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 9 Issue: 151, 8 August 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 227123]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/227123/334916_en.html
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Jamestown Foundation: Recent Russian Survey Finds Terrorism Threat Highest in Dagestan; Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 9 Issue: 206, 9 November 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 230992]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/230992/339426_en.html
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Memorial Human Rights Center: «Новый курс» Магомедова? Ситуация c правами человека и попытки консолидации общества в Республике Дагестан. Март 2010 – март 2011 г., 13 April 2011 [ID 162416]
http://www2.memo.ru/uploads/files/545.pdf
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Reuters: Fighting in Russia's Dagestan region kills 6: government, 15 September 2012 [ID 227368]
http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/09/15/us-russia-caucasus-violence-idUSBRE88E09M20120915
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Radicalization Splitting Society In Russia's North Caucasus, 4 November 2011 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 205155]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/205155/310285_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: 13 Killed In Russia's Volatile North Caucasus, 27 January 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 209447]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/209447/315106_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Three Police Killed, Six Wounded In Caucasus Clash, 14 February 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 210261]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/210261/316011_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Daghestani Militant Leader Killed In Special Operation, 15 February 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 210596]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/210596/316396_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Casualties Reported In Fighting On Chechnya-Daghestan Border, 17 February 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 210614]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/210614/316414_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Three Police Killed In Armed Attack Near Daghestan Polling Station, 4 March 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 211396]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/211396/317316_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Explosion Kills Imam In Daghestan, 23 March 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 212616]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/212616/318721_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Two Police Officers Killed In Daghestan, 31 March 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 213026]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/213026/319175_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Eight Rebels Killed In Volatile North Caucasus, 3 April 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 213104]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/213104/319265_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Bomb Kills Russian Officer's Wife In Daghestan, 16 April 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 214001]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/214001/320242_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Seven Dead After Shoot-Outs In Chechnya, Daghestan, 23 April 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 214638]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/214638/320949_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Day of Mourning Declared As 14 Killed In Daghestan Blasts, 3 May 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 215748]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/215748/322196_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Russian Security Forces Kill Seven Suspected Insurgents In Daghestan, 14 May 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 216767]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/216767/323295_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Russian Officials Say Caucasus Insurgent Leader Killed, 16 May 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 217041]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/217041/323611_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Daghestan's Deputy Sports Minister Killed, 30 May 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 218114]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/218114/324776_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Daghestan Policeman Killed, Another Wounded In Shooting Attack, 7 June 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 218846]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/218846/325749_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Daghestani Police Detain Suspect in Murder of Local Official, 25 June 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 220503]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/220503/327719_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Imam Killed, Mosque Set Ablaze In Daghestan, 29 June 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 220991]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/220991/328252_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Six Militants Reported Killed In Daghestan, 27 July 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 223177]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/223177/330684_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Policeman Severely Injured In Bombing Attack In Russia's Daghestan, 2 August 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 223617]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/223617/331157_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Two Killed In Daghestan Security Operation, 4 August 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 223652]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/223652/331195_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Two Police Killed In Daghestan, 6 August 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 223678]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/223678/331221_en.html
-
RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Eight Killed In Daghestan Shoot-Out, 9 August 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 224143]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/224143/331699_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Russian Police Officer Killed In Daghestan Blast, 14 August 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 224563]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/224563/332145_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Soldier Killed As Daghestani Checkpoint Attacked, 21 August 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 224898]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/224898/332501_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Soldier Killed, Three Police Wounded In Daghestan Attack, 23 August 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 225163]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/225163/332815_en.html
-
RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: One Dead In Attack On Police Patrol In Daghestan, 26 August 2012a (available at ecoi.net) [ID 225240]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/225240/332894_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Umarov Names New Commander Of Insurgency In Daghestan, 26 August 2012b (available at ecoi.net) [ID 225246]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/225246/332900_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Violence Rocks Restive Russian Republic, 28 August 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 225546]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/225546/333220_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Two Militants Killed In Security Operation In Daghestan, 31 August 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 225886]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/225886/333583_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Militant Killed In Daghestan Gun Battle, 13 September 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 227365]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/227365/335193_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Suspected Militants Killed In Daghestan Raid, 1 October 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 227918]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/227918/335874_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Four Killed In Daghestan Shoot-Out, 4 October 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 228191]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/228191/336194_en.html
-
RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Security Forces Report Killing 3 Militants In Daghestan, 5 October 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 228321]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/228321/336339_en.html
-
RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Bound Corpse Of Missing Policeman Found In Daghestan, 8 October 2012a (available at ecoi.net) [ID 228322]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/228322/336340_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Three Killed In Daghestan Shoot-Out, 8 October 2012b (available at ecoi.net) [ID 228384]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/228384/336402_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Three Suspected Militants Killed In Daghestan, 9 October 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 228460]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/228460/336482_en.html
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RFE/RL – Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Daghestani Security Forces Kill Man In Shoot-Out, 11 October 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 228751]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/228751/336840_en.html
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RFE/RL - Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Security Forces Report Killing 3 In Daghestan Operation, 7 November 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 230393]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/230393/338783_en.html
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RFE/RL - Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Another Imam Murdered In Daghestan, 12 November 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 230886]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/230886/339303_en.html
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RFE/RL - Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Four Suspected Militants Killed In Daghestan, 16 November 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 231151]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/231151/339607_en.html
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RFE/RL - Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Alleged Terrorist Leader Killed In Daghestan, 20 November 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 231334]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/231334/339818_en.html
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RFE/RL - Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Three Killed In Daghestan Bombing, 21 November 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 231690]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/231690/340243_en.html
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RFE/RL - Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Police Lieutenant Colonel Killed In Daghestan, 9 December 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 233265]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/233265/341959_en.html
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RFE/RL - Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: At Least Three Militants Killed In Shoot-Out In Daghestan, 13 December 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 233179]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/233179/341858_en.html
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RFE/RL - Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Seven Reported Dead In Special Operation In Daghestan, 29 December 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 234050]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/234050/342822_en.html
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RFE/RL - Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Two Killed In Daghestan Police Operation, 12 January 2013 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 235045]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/235045/343938_en.html
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SFH – Schweizerische Flüchtlingshilfe: Nordkaukasus: Sicherheits- und Menschenrechtslage, 12 September 2011 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 202019]
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1788_1316165361_nordkaukasus-sicherheits-und-menschenrechtslage-2011.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 220, 20 May 2011 [ID 160741]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen220.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 234, 24 February 2012 [ID 210943]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen234.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 235, 9 March 2012 [ID 211706]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen235.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 237, 4 May 2012 [ID 215952]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen237.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 239, 1 June 2012 [ID 218491]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen239.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 240, 15 June 2012 [ID 220408]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen240.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 242, 13 July 2012 [ID 221963]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen242.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 243, 21 September 2012 [ID 227395]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen243.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 244, 5 October 2012 [ID 228443]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen244.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 245, 19 October 2012 [ID 229423]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen245.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 246, 2 November 2012 [ID 230252]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen246.pdf
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Universität Bremen - Forschungsstelle Osteuropa: Russlandanalysen Nr. 248, 30 November 2012 [ID 232585]
http://www.laender-analysen.de/russland/pdf/Russlandanalysen248.pdf
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USDOS – US Department of State: Country Report on Human Rights Practices for 2011 - Russia, 24 May 2012 (available at ecoi.net) [ID 217664]
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/217664/338428_de.html