a-5037 (ACC-UZB-5037)

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Übergriffe durch radikalislamische Gruppierungen
In den ACCORD derzeit zur Verfügung stehenden Quellen konnten im Rahmen der zeitlich begrenzten Recherche keine Informationen dazu gefunden werden, ob es Übergriffe von Angehörigen radikalislamischer Gruppierungen gegen Bürger gibt, die so zur Mitarbeit gezwungen werden sollen.
Wahabiten in Usbekistan
Forum 18 schreibt in einem Bericht vom Juli 2006, dass die Anzahl von Verhaftungen gläubiger Moslems, die oft als Wahabiten bezeichnet würden, in der Region Taschkent stark angestiegen sei:
„The number of arrests and detentions for people's religious convictions has risen sharply in the Uzbek capital Tashkent and the surrounding Tashkent region, Surat Ikramov, Chairman of the Human Rights Initiative Group of Uzbekistan, told Forum 18 News Service from Tashkent on 19 July. During the first half of July alone, Ikramov said he has received more than 30 appeals for help from local Muslims. Overall he thinks that, since the beginning of 2006 around 150 Muslims have been arrested and sentenced for their religious beliefs.
Many of those detained have been accused of "Wahhabism," which is technically the brand of purist Islam followed in Saudi Arabia but widely – and largely erroneously – applied in Central Asia to describe pious Muslims.” (Forum 18, 20. Juli 2006)
Die United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) gibt in ihrem Jahresbericht vom Mai 2006 an, dass in Usbekistan Personen als Wahabiten bezeichnet würden, die den Islam unabhängig von den staatlichen Strukturen praktizieren. Der Staat würde gegen solche Personen streng vorgehen:
„In the past year, Uzbek authorities continued to crack down harshly on Muslim individuals, groups, and mosques that do not conform to government-prescribed practices or that the government claims are associated with extremist political programs. This has resulted in the imprisonment of thousands of persons in recent years, many of whom are denied the right to due process, and there are credible reports that many of those arrested continue to be tortured or beaten in detention.
[…] Over the past decade and particularly since 1999, the Uzbek government has arrested and imprisoned, with sentences of up to 20 years, thousands of Muslims who reject the state’s control over religious practice or who the government claims are associated with extremist groups. Although it is difficult to estimate the exact number of such prisoners, in 2004 there were estimated to be as many as 5,500, including those sent to psychiatric hospitals. In 2005, the State Department reported that that number remained the same or increased. Piety alone may result in arrest. Human rights organizations report that many of those in detention were arrested on false drug charges or for possession of literature of a banned organization. Once arrested, they often are denied access to a lawyer or are held incommunicado for weeks or months. Many of those imprisoned or detained for charges related to religion are treated particularly harshly; prisoners who pray or observe Muslim religious festivals are by many accounts subjected to further harassment, beatings, and other torture, in efforts to force them to renounce their religious or political views.
[…] “Wahhabi” is a term that generally is used to refer to followers of a highly restrictive interpretation of Sunni Islam practiced in Saudi Arabia. In Uzbekistan, “Wahhabi” is a catchphrase used to refer to genuine extremists, Muslim individuals and groups that oppose the Karimov regime, and those who wish to practice Islam independently of government strictures. For the Uzbek authorities, all these groups and individuals are equally suspect and subject to government repression.” (USCIRF, Mai 2006, S. 170-172)
In dem im November 2005 erschienenen „International Religious Freedom Report“ des US Department of State (USDOS) wird angegeben, dass die usbekische Regierung allgemein extremistische Formen des Islams als „Wahabismus“ bezeichne und streng gegen solche Organisationen vorgehe:
“The Government is also resolute to prevent the growth of other extremist Islamic organizations and of extremist forms of Islam that it broadly labels under the rubric of Wahhabism” (USDOS, 08. November 2005, Sek. II)
Weiters möchten wir sie auf folgende Meldungen der Prima News Agency vom Juni bzw. Juli 2006 hinweisen, in denen von der Verhaftung angeblicher Wahabiten berichtet wird:
Diese Informationen beruhen auf einer zeitlich begrenzten Recherche in öffentlich zugänglichen Dokumenten, die ACCORD derzeit zur Verfügung stehen. Diese Antwort stellt keine Meinung zum Inhalt eines bestimmten Ansuchens um Asyl oder anderen internationalen Schutz dar. Wir empfehlen, die verwendeten Materialien zur Gänze durchzusehen.

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