Information on the penalties for defecting from a Cuban airplanes while abroad, and on defection of airline crew members in Canada in 1994 [CUB20902.E]

Information on penalties for defecting from a Cuban airplane while abroad, beyond that provided in Responses to Information Requests CUB10032 of 10 January 1992, CUB14544 of 10 June 1993 and CUB17241.E of 3 May 1994, could not be found among the sources consulted by the DIRB.

Information on defection by airline crew members in Canada in 1994 could not be found among the sources consulted by the DIRB.

This Response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the DIRB within time constraints. This Response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Please find below a list of sources consulted in researching this information request.

Sources Consulted

Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. Yearly. U.S. Department of State. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Critique: Review of the Department of State's Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. Yearly. New York: Lawyers Committee for Human Rights.

Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) Latin America Daily Report. Daily.

Human Rights Watch. Yearly. Human Rights Watch World Report. New York: Human Rights Watch.

Amnesty International. Yearly. Amnesty International Report. New York: Amnesty International.

Immigration and Nationality: Law and Practice [London]. Quarterly. Tolley Publishing Company.

Index on Censorship [London]. Monthly. Writers and Scholars International Ltd.

News from Americas Watch [New York]. Monthly.

Latinamerica Press [Lima]. Weekly.

Latin American Weekly Report [London]. Weekly.

Latin American Regional Reports: Central America & the Caribbean [London]. Monthly.

NACLA Report on the Americas. Monthly.

Problèmes d'Amérique latine. Quarterly.

Material from the Indexed Media Review (IMR) or country files containing articles and reports from diverse sources (primarily dailies and periodicals) from the Weekly Media Review.

Newspapers and periodicals pertaining to the appropriate region.

On-line searches of news articles (Nexis and Infoglobe).
Note on contacting foreign diplomatic representatives in Canada:

Embassies and high commissions are not usually called for security-related questions such as location of military bases or the functioning of secret services. Ability to obtain information from diplomatic representatives depends on availability of information and cooperation from individual countries.
Note on oral sources:

Oral sources are usually contacted when documentary sources have been exhausted. However, oral sources must agree to be quoted in a publicly available Response to Information Request. If they refuse, the Response will read "no information currently available." Contacting oral sources is also subject to time constraints; for example, there are periods of the year when academics are unavailable.

Note:

This list is not exhaustive. Country-specific books available in the Resource Centre are not included.