Information related to the recent fighting
Background information
The following reports and articles explain the background of the recent fighting:
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Brief chronology of political developments since 2018
Sudan's years of political strife (Media Report, English)
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Background article on the fighting between the army and the Rapid Support Forces
Sudan fighting: The military rivalry behind the clashes in Khartoum (Media Report, English)
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Brief background article on the power struggle
Factbox: The struggle for power in Sudan (Media Report, English)
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Brief background article on the Rapid Support Forces
Factbox: Who are Sudan's Rapid Support Forces? (Media Report, English)
The most recent documents on the issue
These are the most recent documents from a search for terms related to the fighting: (You can find more, and customise your search under this search link.)
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Article on the security situation and the impact of the civil war on the humanitarian situation; more than 11 million people displaced and around 20 million people are facing acute food insecurity due to the civil war
Sudan: Blood on Foreign Powers’ Hands (Media Report, English)
- It’s close to three and a half years since the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) militia began their battle for supremacy, and the two forces and their allies continue to slaughter civilians with impunity. […] In February, a suspected RSF drone strike on an aid convoy in South Kordofankilled [https://apnews.com/article/sudan-aid-convoy-kordofan-war-rapid-support-forces-army-be903cba8adf9ab3d27ec818d40eb219] three humanitarian workers and wounded four more. […] It was recentlyrevealed [https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2026/apr/28/sudan-paramilitary-rsf-leaders-property-portfolio-dubai-uae-investigation] that individuals and entities linked to the RSF’s leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti, have acquired properties worth over US$24 million in Dubai, likely paid for with smuggled gold.
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North Darfur: Report on gender-based violence in the city of Tawila (as of June 2026)
Safety Audit Report; Gender-Based Violence Safety Audit: Enhancing GBV Quality Programming, Protection Mainstreaming, and Risk Mitigation; North Darfur - Tawila, June 2026 (Periodical Report, English)
- BACKGROUND: Since the escalation of hostilities in and around El Fasher in mid-April 2025, Tawila locality has served as a key refuge for displaced populations fleeing the intensifying conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). […] INTRODUCTION This safety audit of Tawila locality, conducted in June 2026, addresses the escalating humanitarian and protection crisis in Tawila locality, North Darfur, triggered by a massive influx of internally displaced persons (IDPs) fleeing intensified conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in and around El Fasher since April 2025.
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River Nile state: Article on the impact of artisanal gold mining on agriculture and the environment in Abu Hamad
Curse of the Nile's Gold: Sudan's Vanishing Farmland (Media Report, English)
- The Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) rely heavily on the gold sector. Since the war started in April 2023, both sides have been involved in controlling mining, says researcher Suliman Baldo of the thinktank Sudan Transparency and Policy Tracker.
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Report on food security (covering August 2026 to January 2027)
Sudan Food Security Outlook Update; August 2026 - January 2027; Conflict and poor rains to drive Emergency and risk of Famine during harvest (Special or Analytical Report, English)
- The Rapid Support Forces (RSF)’s coordinated drone attacks targeted El Obeid, Atbara, Omdurman, and Khartoum, while Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) continued to target RSF strongholds in West Kordofan as well as parts of North Darfur (Kabkabiya, Um Kedadah, Al-Fasher, and Melit).
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Brief report on freedom of religion (legal framework; conflict between SAF and RSF; situation of freedom of religion or belief; al-Fashir, Darfur; al-Ubayyid, North Kordofan; Nuba Mountains; conflict-related sexual violence; international scrutiny; recommendations)
General Briefing: Sudan (Special or Analytical Report, English)
- The conflict between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF), headed by General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF, formerly the Janjaweed militia) led by his former deputy Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, also known as Hemedti, who had jointly mounted a coup against the transitional government in October 2021, has been ongoing for over three years. […] In February 2025 the RSF announced plans to form a parallel government during a summit hosted in Nairobi that included the RSF leader Hemedti, who is under US Sanctions. The leader of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement – North (SPLM/N), Abdul Aziz al-Hilu, was also present and announced his group’s allegiance to the RSF. […] To the European Union and Member States: * In keeping with the European Parliament’s resolution of 13 March 2025, widen targeted sanctions on those responsible for atrocities, including the designations of General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo. […] * Maintain targeted sanctions on General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, and expand them to include other individuals or entities that have engaged in severe human rights violations and abuses, including of FoRB, during the post-coup period. * Designate the Al-Bara bin Malik Brigade and other Islamist militias affiliated with the SAF as Entities of Particular Concern.
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Northern state: Imam attacked by Muslim worshippers, and mosque burnt down; 63 arrested; reason might have been either sectarianism or imam’s criticism of gold miners
Muslim worshippers destroy mosque in Northern State (Appeal or News Release, English)
- The control over the mining and trading of gold is a significant part of the war economy for both the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and Rapid Support Forces (RSF), who have been in conflict with each other since April 2023. CSW’s Founder President Mervyn Thomas said: ‘CSW condemns the destruction of the mosque in Ibri, regardless of the inciting incident.
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