16 April 2023 | Thomson Reuters (Author)

Sudan

Brief chronology of political developments since 2018

Sudan's years of political strife (Media Report, English)

15 April 2023 | BBC News (Author)

Sudan

Background article on the fighting between the army and the Rapid Support Forces

Sudan fighting: The military rivalry behind the clashes in Khartoum (Media Report, English)

15 April 2023 | Thomson Reuters (Author)

Sudan

Brief background article on the power struggle

Factbox: The struggle for power in Sudan (Media Report, English)

13 April 2023 | Thomson Reuters (Author)

Sudan

Brief background article on the Rapid Support Forces

Factbox: Who are Sudan's Rapid Support Forces? (Media Report, English)

4 July 2025 | BBC News (Author)

Sudan

Article on the background of the civil war, the parties involved in the conflict and the impact on the civilian population

Sudan war: A simple guide to what is happening (Media Report, English)

• Sudan plunged into a civil war in April 2023 after a vicious struggle for power broke out between its army and a powerful paramilitary group, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). It has led to a famine and claims of a genocide in the western Darfur region. […] The coup was staged by the two men at the centre of the current conflict: * Gen Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, the head of the armed forces and in effect the country's president * And his deputy, RSF leader Gen Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, better known as "Hemedti". But then Gen Burhan and Gen Dagalo disagreed on the direction the country was going in and the proposed move towards civilian rule. […] It is disputed who fired the first shot but the fighting swiftly escalated, with the RSF seizing much of Khartoum until the army regained control of it almost two years later in March 2025. == Who are the Rapid Support Forces? […] Since then, Gen Dagalo has built a powerful force that has intervened in conflicts in Yemen and Libya. He also controls some of Sudan's gold mines, and allegedly smuggles the metal to the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The army accuses the UAE of backing the RSF, and carrying out drone strikes in Sudan. The oil-rich Gulf state denies the allegation. […] This led to the US imposing sanctions on Gen Dagalo, followed by similar measures against Gen Burhan [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cn8x5nkj8pyo]. Sudan's government filed a case against the UAE in the International Court of Justice (ICJ), accusing it of being complicit in the genocide by funding and arming the RSF.

1 July 2025 | BBC News (Author)

Sudan

Article on experiences of civilians who fled from El Fasher to Tawila

'I lost a baby and then rescued a child dodging air strikes in Sudan's civil war' (Media Report, English)

• Sudan has been wracked by a civil war since fighting broke out between the army and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in April 2023, causing one of the world's worst humanitarian crises with more than 12 million people forced to flee their homes.

1 July 2025 | STPT – Sudan Transparency and Policy Tracker, Ayin, Sudan Human Rights Hub (Author)

Sudan

Report on the security, political, humanitarian and economic developments and human rights

Sudan Conflict Monitor # 21 (Periodical Report, English)

• Powered by Ayin, Human Rights Hub, and the Sudan Transparency and Policy Tracker 2 Drones are playing an increasingly prominent role in Sudan’s war Sudan's war has increasingly moved to the skies, with both the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) heavily deploying drones. […] utm_campaign=daily-headlines&utm_medium=email&utm_source=newsletter&utm_content=aans-view-link] https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/mohamed%20mukhtar/165924/rapid-support-forces-seizes-strategic-oasis-near-sudan-libya-egypt-border [https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/mohamed%20mukhtar/165924/rapid-support-forces-seizes-strategic-oasis-near-sudan-libya-egypt-border] https://allafrica.com/stories/202506110225.html […] utm_campaign=daily-headlines&utm_medium=email&utm_source=newsletter&utm_content=aans-view-link] https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/mohamed mukhtar/165924/rapid-support-forces-seizes-strategic-oasis-near-sudan-libya-egypt-border [https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/mohamed mukhtar/165924/rapid-support-forces-seizes-strategic-oasis-near-sudan-libya-egypt-border] https://allafrica.com/stories/202506110225.html? […] However, in his most recent speech, RSF leader Hemedti used a careful and diplomatic tone towards Egypt for the first time, suggesting that any disagreements could be resolved through negotiations.

25 June 2025 | TNH – The New Humanitarian (formerly IRIN News) (Author)

Sudan

Nuba Mountains: Displacement, aid blocks and hunger crisis

Aid blocked as “unimaginable suffering” grips Sudan’s Nuba Mountains (Media Report, English)

• Sudan’s war [https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/africa/east-africa/sudan] began in April 2023 and pits the national military – the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) – and allied groups against the paramilitary-turned-rebel Rapid Support Forces (RSF),which is armed extensively [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/21/world/africa/uae-sudan-civil-war.html] by the United Arab Emirates.

24 June 2025 | BBC News (Author)

Sudan

West Kordofan state: More than 40 people, including children and medics, killed in attack on a hospital

Children killed in 'appalling' Sudan hospital attack - WHO head (Media Report, English)

• The Rapid Support Forces (RSF) blames its opponents the Sudanese army for attacking the hospital, as do two prominent civil society groups, but the army itself has yet to comment on the allegation. Since Sudan's civil war began in April 2023, the scale of suffering is so vast that the UN has labelled it the world's worst humanitarian crisis.

20 June 2025 | OHCHR – UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (Author)

Sudan

North Darfur and Kordofan regions: Civilian casualties, sexual violence, abductions and looting reported in several areas; the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) have launched an attack on the city of El-Fashir after a year-long siege on 15 June 2025

Sudan: Türk warns of catastrophic surge in violence (Appeal or News Release, English)

• North Darfur and Kordofan regions: Civilian casualties, sexual violence, abductions and looting reported in several areas; the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) have launched an attack on the city of El-Fashir after a year-long siege on 15 June 2025
• Regionen Nord-Darfur und Kordofan: Zivile Opfer, sexuelle Gewalt, Entführungen und Plünderungen in mehreren Gebieten gemeldet; paramilitärische Rapid Support Forces (RSF) griffen am 15. Juni 2025 nach einjähriger Belagerung die Stadt al-Faschir an
• On 15 June, after a year-long siege, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) launched a further attack on El Fasher, following months of increased mobilisation of fighters, including the recruitment of children, across Darfur.