16 April 2023 | Thomson Reuters (Author)

Sudan

Brief chronology of political developments since 2018

Sudan's years of political strife (Media Report, English)

15 April 2023 | BBC News (Author)

Sudan

Background article on the fighting between the army and the Rapid Support Forces

Sudan fighting: The military rivalry behind the clashes in Khartoum (Media Report, English)

15 April 2023 | Thomson Reuters (Author)

Sudan

Brief background article on the power struggle

Factbox: The struggle for power in Sudan (Media Report, English)

13 April 2023 | Thomson Reuters (Author)

Sudan

Brief background article on the Rapid Support Forces

Factbox: Who are Sudan's Rapid Support Forces? (Media Report, English)

4 February 2026 | HRW – Human Rights Watch (Author)

Sudan

Annual report on human rights situation in 2025

World Report 2026; Sudan (Periodical Report, English)

• Events of 2025 Conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) continued for a third year, with all warring parties committing war crimes and other violations of international humanitarian law. The warring parties’ actions made Sudan the worst global humanitarian crisis.

29 January 2026 | ReliefWeb (publishing platform), Insecurity Insight (Author)

Sudan

Brief report on violence against and obstruction of access to health care (covering 7 to 20 January 2026)

Attacks on Health Care in Sudan; 07-20 January 2026 (Periodical Report, English)

• As reported on 11 January 2025: In Dilling city, South Kordofen state, four health workers were killed and three health workers injured when three major hospitals - Medical Corps Hospital, the Main Health Insurance Centre and Dilling Teaching Hospital - were struck with drones and artillery by Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-North (SPLM-N), rendering them

26 January 2026 | HRW – Human Rights Watch (Author)

Sudan

International Criminal Court (ICC) deputy prosecutor briefs UN Security Council on investigation in Dafur; findings of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by RSF in al-Fashir

ICC’s Work Vital for Justice in Darfur (Appeal or News Release, English)

• In October 2025, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) carried outmass killings [https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/10/29/sudan-mass-atrocities-in-captured-darfur-city] and other graveabuses [https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/10/29/sudan-mass-atrocities-in-captured-darfur-city] inNorth Darfur [https://www.hrw.org/africa/sudan]’s capital, El Fasher.

22 January 2026 | CTP – Critical Threats Project (Author)

Congo, Democratic Republic, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, Togo

Regular analysis of major security-related developments regarding state and non-state actors in selected African countries

Chad Tensions Strain RSF Supply Lines; African DRC Peace Efforts; Fano Merger: Africa File, January 22, 2026 (Periodical Report, English)

• The Rapid Support Forces (RSF) conducted an attack on Chadian forces in Chad, increasing tensions with a key partner in the United Arab Emirates’ (UAE’s) supply chain to the RSF.Pro–Sudanese Armed Forces actors’ disruptions to other RSF supply lines have raised the stakes of the RSF’s attack, as the RSF and UAE must now rely more on Chad as a transit point. […] Sudan Author: Michael DeAngelo with Liam Karr The Rapid Support Forces (RSF) conducted an attack on Chadian forces in Chad, raising tensions with a key partner amid disruptions to RSF supply lines.The RSF and the Joint Forces, which are aligned with the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF), have repeatedly clashed in Jargeira—located on the Chadian border 30 miles south of Tine—since January 9, as the […] aftermath of the RSF attack, although it accused both the RSF and SAF of violations and claimed neutrality in Sudan’s civil war.[6] [https://www.criticalthreats.org/analysis/chad-rsf-sudan-africa-drc-peace-ethiopia-fano-shabaab-somalia-togo-burkina-ecowas-aes-africa-file-january-22-2026#_ednc8291c7b0f295372cdec525f5833d46a6] Sudanese news outletDarfur24 reported that RSF deputy leader Abdel Rahim Dagalo—brother […] of RSF head Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (Hemedti)—traveled to Chad to ease tensions on January 19.[7] [https://www.criticalthreats.org/analysis/chad-rsf-sudan-africa-drc-peace-ethiopia-fano-shabaab-somalia-togo-burkina-ecowas-aes-africa-file-january-22-2026#_ednc8291c7b0f295372cdec525f5833d46a7] UAE–RSF supply routes are under increased pressure as pro–Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) actors enforce airspace […] AfriMEOSINT/status/2012455934946336777]; https://x.com/AfriMEOSINT/status/2005286164060901581 [https://x.com/AfriMEOSINT/status/2005286164060901581] [7] [https://www.criticalthreats.org/analysis/chad-rsf-sudan-africa-drc-peace-ethiopia-fano-shabaab-somalia-togo-burkina-ecowas-aes-africa-file-january-22-2026#_ednc8291c7b0f295372cdec525f5833d46aref7] https://www.darfur24 dot com/en/2026/01/20/abdel-rahim-dagalo-visits-chad-to-contain-boarder-tensions

20 January 2026 | OHCHR – UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (Author)

Sudan

South Kordofan: Paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and the allied Sudanese People's Liberation Army - North (SPLM-N) near town of Kadugli; reports of intensifying armed conflict and the displacement of more than 25000 people since late October 2025

Sudan: Warn about intensification in Kordofan (Appeal or News Release, English)

• South Kordofan: Paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and the allied Sudanese People's Liberation Army - North (SPLM-N) near town of Kadugli; reports of intensifying armed conflict and the displacement of more than 25000 people since late October 2025
• Südkordofan: Paramilitärische Rapid Support Forces (RSF) und mit ihr verbündete Sudanesische Volksbefreiungsarmee - Nord (SPLM-N) nahe Stadt Kadugli; Berichte über Intensivierung des bewaffneten Konflikts und Vertreibung von mehr als 25.000 Menschen seit Ende Oktober 2025
• Reports suggest that additional troops from the Rapid Support Forces and allied SPLM-North are about 20 kilometres from the besieged city of Kadugli, which is currently under control of the Sudanese Armed Forces and where famine conditions have been confirmed.

15 January 2026 | ReliefWeb (publishing platform), FEWS NET – Famine Early Warning Systems Network (Author)

Sudan

Report on the current and projected food security situation (reporting period December 2025 to May 2026)

Famine (IPC Phase 5) expected to persist amid escalating conflict and tightening sieges (Special or Analytical Report, English)

• Current anomalies in food security conditions as of December 2025 The conflict continues to escalate in December in the Greater Kordofan region as the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and joint forces of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-North (SPLM-N) vie for control of key towns and trade routes (Figure 1).