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Document #2144998
USDOS – US Department of State (Author)
Aka: Islamic Resistance Movement; Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiya; Izz al-Din al-Qassam Battalions; Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades; Izz al-Din al-Qassam Forces; Students of Ayyash; Student of the Engineer; Yahya Ayyash Units.
Description: Hamas was designated as an FTO on October 8, 1997. Established in 1987 at the onset of the first Palestinian uprising, or First Intifada, Hamas was an outgrowth of the Palestinian branch of the Muslim Brotherhood. Its armed element, the Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades, has conducted anti-Israeli attacks, including the October 7 attacks on Israel that killed more than 1,100 people, including hundreds of Israeli civilians and at least 31 U.S. citizens, and more than 240 people were kidnapped, including U.S. citizens. Hamas also manages a broad, mostly Gaza-based network of Dawa (or ministry) activities, including charities, schools, clinics, youth camps, fundraising, and political activities. After winning Palestinian Legislative Council elections in 2006, Hamas gained control of significant Palestinian Authority (PA) ministries in Gaza, including the Ministry of Interior. In 2007, Hamas expelled the PA and Fatah from Gaza in a violent takeover. In 2024, former Hamas leaders Ismail Haniyeh and Yahya Sinwar were killed.
Activities: On October 7, 2023, Hamas, with participation from members of the PIJ, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, and other terrorist groups, launched a surprise attack on Israel that killed more than 1,100 people, including hundreds of Israeli civilians and at least 31 U.S. citizens. In 2024, Hamas claimed responsibility for a bombing near Tel Aviv. Hamas also consistently conducted attacks on Israeli soldiers operating in Gaza.
Strength: Hamas was estimated to have fewer than 20,000 fighters.
Location/Area of Operation: Gaza, the West Bank, and Lebanon.
Funding and External Aid: Hamas has received funding, weapons, and training from Iran and raises funds in Persian Gulf countries. The group receives donations from some Palestinians and other expatriates, as well as from its own charity organizations.
Country Report on Terrorism 2024 - Chapter 1 - Israel, the West Bank and Gaza (Periodical Report, English)
Country Report on Terrorism 2024 - Chapter 1 - Lebanon (Periodical Report, English)
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