2020 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor: El Salvador

 
Moderate Advancement

In 2020, El Salvador made moderate advancement in efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labor. Multiple government agencies worked with the International Labor Organization to prepare the 2019 report "New Forms of Child Labor: Use and Recruitment of Boys, Girls and Adolescents for Illicit Gang Activities in El Salvador," which evaluates the relationship between gangs and children to highlight the worst forms of child labor. The government also published results from its Annual Multipurpose Household Survey, which identifies child labor prevalence in the country. Furthermore, the government made publicly available the labor inspectorate's level of funding and increased the number of labor inspectors from 107 to 124. However, children in El Salvador are subjected to the worst forms of child labor, including in commercial sexual exploitation and in illicit activities, each sometimes as a result of human trafficking. Children also perform dangerous tasks in the harvesting of coffee. Law enforcement agencies continued to lack sufficient resources to enforce child labor laws throughout the country. Gaps also remained related to the implementation of key policies to address child labor.

I. Prevalence and Sectoral Distribution of Child Labor

Children in El Salvador are subjected to the worst forms of child labor, including in commercial sexual exploitation and in illicit activities, each sometimes as a result of human trafficking. Children also perform dangerous tasks in the harvesting of coffee. (1-6) In 2020, the Director General of Statistics and Census published results from the 2019 El Salvador Annual Multipurpose Household Survey, which found that around 93,283 children between the ages of 5 and 17 are working in El Salvador, an 8.48 percent decrease since 2018. (7,8) The survey also found that more than 60 percent of child laborers live in rural communities and around 40 percent do not attend school. (7,8) Table 1 provides key indicators on children's work and education in El Salvador.

Table 1. Statistics on Children's Work and Education

Children

Age

Percent

Working (% and population)

5 to 14

3.6 (39,269)

Working children by sector

5 to 14

 

Agriculture

 

42.4

Industry

 

14.3

Services

 

43.3

Attending School (%)

5 to 14

92.7

Combining Work and School (%)

7 to 14

3.7

Primary Completion Rate (%)

 

86.6

Source for primary completion rate: Data from 2018, published by UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2021. (9)
Source for all other data: International Labor Organization's analysis of statistics from Encuesta de Hogares de Propósitos Múltiples (EHPM), 2019. (10)

Based on a review of available information, Table 2 provides an overview of children's work by sector and activity.

Table 2. Overview of Children's Work by Sector and Activity

Sector/Industry

Activity

Agriculture

Harvesting sugarcane† and coffee,† and production of cereal grains (4,11,12)

 

Cattle-raising† (12)

 

Fishing,† including harvesting shellfish and mollusks† (2,4,7,13)

Industry

Manufacturing fireworks† (4,11,13)

 

Production of baked goods (12)

 

Construction† (4,7,12)

Services

Garbage scavenging,† street begging,† performing,† and vending† (4,6,11,14)

 

Domestic work (4,6,11,12,15)

 

Selling goods in markets or kiosks and working in restaurants (12)

 

Repairing motor vehicles† (12)

Categorical Worst Forms of Child Labor‡

Commercial sexual exploitation, sometimes as a result of human trafficking (4,6,7,13)

 

Use by gangs to perform illicit activities, including committing homicides, extortion, and trafficking drugs, sometimes as a result of human trafficking (2,4-7)

 

Forced begging, domestic work, agricultural labor, construction, work in textiles, and street work (2,4-7)

† Determined by national law or regulation as hazardous and, as such, relevant to Article 3(d) of ILO C. 182.
‡ Child labor understood as the worst forms of child labor per se under Article 3(a)–(c) of ILO C. 182.

Children in El Salvador often lack economic and educational opportunities and are vulnerable to the worst forms of child labor, including commercial sexual exploitation. They are also recruited by gangs for illicit activities such as delivering threats, collecting extortion money, conducting surveillance activities, trafficking drugs, and committing homicides. (1,3,4,6,7,16) Gangs also often force young girls into domestic servitude, including providing childcare, and into sexual exploitation. Reports indicate that those who resist forced gang labor have been assaulted or killed. (4,6,7) El Salvador's Trafficking in Person's Special Prosecutor and local NGOs have indicated that adolescent girls with limited education are among the most at risk of being trafficked. (3,16) LGBTI adolescents are also at risk of being forced into commercial sexual exploitation by gangs. (4)

Children often emigrate to escape violence, extortion, and forced recruitment by gangs, in addition to seeking economic opportunities and family reunification. Human trafficking is also a driver of child migration. (2,3,6,17-19) Gangs target adolescent girls for forced commercial sex, causing them and sometimes their entire families to flee El Salvador in fear. Once en route, however, girls and other children from El Salvador remain vulnerable to human trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation. (2,3,6,17-19)

Multiple reports, including by third-party monitoring groups, indicate that the use of child labor in sugarcane harvesting has decreased since 2010. (1) However, despite ongoing government efforts to address child labor in this sector, recent data demonstrating the impact of specific government programs have not been published. (1)

At schools, children are recruited, extorted, and harassed by gangs, which may cause them to stop attending school. (7) This situation is aggravated by the fact that a majority of schools are located in communities where gangs are present. (20,21) Indigenous children are sometimes threatened by gang members for crossing gang territorial lines that are set across ancestral indigenous land, forcing some of them to drop out of school. (22) Children who do not attend school are more vulnerable to child labor, including its worst forms. (1,2,17,23) Children in El Salvador face numerous barriers to education such as insufficient funds allocated to education and precarious school infrastructure. (21) Poverty, particularly in rural areas, also presents a barrier to education in El Salvador because children leave school to contribute to family incomes. (21) According to the Comprehensive Law of Protection of Childhood and Adolescence, a lack of identity documents should not prevent school enrollment. However, research indicates that children are still being required to have birth certificates to enroll in schools, in contravention of national law. (4,7) According to the Ministry of Education, this is standard procedure in every school in the country. In the cases when a child does not have a birth certificate, the school will consider their enrollment, but there is no guarantee of admission. (24) This practice may be having an adverse effect on the enrollment rates of children in school, because the cost for these documents is prohibitive for very poor families. (4,7) Limited reporting also indicates that children from indigenous communities disproportionately lack access to education. (1,4,7)

In the 2019 El Salvador Annual Multipurpose Household Survey published during the reporting year, the government highlighted the number and age of child laborers, but it did not include information about the sectors in which children were working, as well as details on the specific worst forms of child labor children were subjected to. (7)

II. Legal Framework for Child Labor

El Salvador has ratified all key international conventions concerning child labor (Table 3).

Table 3. Ratification of International Conventions on Child Labor

Convention

Ratification

ILO C. 138, Minimum Age

ILO C. 182, Worst Forms of Child Labor

UN CRC

UN CRC Optional Protocol on Armed Conflict

UN CRC Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography

Palermo Protocol on Trafficking in Persons

The government has established laws and regulations related to child labor (Table 4). However, gaps exist in El Salvador's legal framework to adequately protect children from the worst forms of child labor, including the minimum age for work compared to the compulsory age for basic education.

Table 4. Laws and Regulations on Child Labor

Standard

Meets International Standards

Age

Legislation

Minimum Age for Work

Yes

14

Article 114 and 627 of the Labor Code; Article 38 of the Constitution; Article 59 of the Law for the Comprehensive Protection of Children and Adolescents (LEPINA) (23,25,26)

Minimum Age for Hazardous Work

Yes

18

Article 105 and 627 of the Labor Code; Article 38 of the Constitution; Article 2 of Agreement 241 of 2011 (23,25,27)

Identification of Hazardous Occupations or Activities Prohibited for Children

Yes

 

Article 1 of Agreement 241 of 2011 (27)

Prohibition of Forced Labor

Yes

 

Articles 3 and 54–55 of the Special Law Against Trafficking in Persons; Article 13 of the Labor Code; Article 56 of LEPINA; Articles 4 and 9 of the Constitution (23,25,26,28)

Prohibition of Child Trafficking

Yes

 

Articles 3 and 54–55 of the Special Law Against Trafficking in Persons; Article 56 of LEPINA (26,28)

Prohibition of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children

Yes

 

Articles 3 and 54–55 of the Special Law Against Trafficking in Persons; Articles 169–173 of the Penal Code; Article 55 of LEPINA (26,28,29)

Prohibition of Using Children in Illicit Activities

Yes

 

Articles 3 and 54–55 of the Special Law Against Trafficking in Persons; Articles 214 and 345 of the Penal Code; Article 56 of LEPINA (26,28,29)

Minimum Age for Voluntary State Military Recruitment

Yes

16

Articles 2 and 6 of the Military Service Law (30)

Prohibition of Compulsory Recruitment of Children by (State) Military

Yes

 

Article 215 of the Constitution; Decree No. 298 (23,31)

Prohibition of Military Recruitment by Non-state Armed Groups

Yes

 

Article 345 of the Penal Code; Article 1 of the Law Prohibiting Gangs and Criminal Organizations; Article 7 of the Constitution (23,29,32)

Compulsory Education Age

Yes

18‡

Articles 5, 18, 20, and 22 of the General Education Law; Article 82 of LEPINA; Article 56 of the Constitution (23,26,33)

Free Public Education

Yes

 

Articles 5, 18, 20, and 22 of the General Education Law; Article 82 of LEPINA; Article 56 of the Constitution (23,26,33)

‡ Age calculated based on available information (26,33)

The maximum fine for all labor violations in the Labor Code remained at $60 during the reporting period, as the revisions increasing fines approved by the Legislative Assembly Committee of Labor in 2019 were not ratified by the full legislature. (1,4,7) In addition, the minimum age for work is lower than the compulsory education age, which may encourage children to leave school before the completion of compulsory education. (34,35)

III. Enforcement of Laws on Child Labor

The government has established institutional mechanisms for the enforcement of laws and regulations on child labor (Table 5). However, gaps exist within the operations of enforcement agencies that may hinder adequate enforcement of their child labor laws.

Table 5. Agencies Responsible for Child Labor Law Enforcement

Organization/Agency

Role

Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (MTPS)

Inspects worksites for labor violations, including child labor, and monitors working conditions for adolescents who are granted work authorization. (4,13) Maintains a child labor unit dedicated to child labor law enforcement issues. (36) Refers cases of the worst forms of child labor to the Office of the Attorney General. (4)

Ministry of Justice and Public Security

Enforces criminal laws related to the worst forms of child labor through the Office of the Attorney General and the National Civil Police (PNC), both of which maintain special trafficking in persons units to investigate and prosecute human trafficking, including child trafficking. (4,11,13,28,37) The PNC maintains a hotline that receives complaints about human trafficking for sexual and labor exploitation. (38)

The Salvadoran Institute for the Complete Development of Children and Adolescents

Receives referrals from law enforcement agencies on cases of criminal exploitation of children, including for forced labor, human trafficking, and commercial sexual exploitation. Provides child victims with services, including shelter, medical attention, psychological help, and legal advice. (39)

Labor Law Enforcement

In 2020, labor law enforcement agencies in El Salvador took actions to combat child labor (Table 6). However, gaps exist within the operations of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (MTPS) that may hinder adequate labor law enforcement, including financial resource allocation.

Table 6. Labor Law Enforcement Efforts Related to Child Labor

Overview of Labor Law Enforcement

2019

2020

Labor Inspectorate Funding

Unknown (4)

$3.2 million (7)

Number of Labor Inspectors

107 (40)

124 (7)

Inspectorate Authorized to Assess Penalties

Yes (25)

Yes (25)

Initial Training for New Labor Inspectors

Yes (4)

Yes (7)

Training on New Laws Related to Child Labor

N/A

N/A (7)

Refresher Courses Provided

Yes (4)

No (7)

Number of Labor Inspections Conducted

33,636 (41)

23,262 (7)

Number Conducted at Worksite

788 (4)

Unknown (7)

Number of Child Labor Violations Found

2 (4)

0 (7)

Number of Child Labor Violations for Which Penalties Were Imposed

0 (4)

N/A (7)

Number of Child Labor Penalties Imposed that Were Collected

0 (4)

N/A (7)

Routine Inspections Conducted

Yes (4)

Yes (7)

Routine Inspections Targeted

Yes (4)

Yes (7)

Unannounced Inspections Permitted

Yes (25)

Yes (25)

Unannounced Inspections Conducted

Yes (4)

Yes (7)

Complaint Mechanism Exists

Yes (4)

Yes (7)

Reciprocal Referral Mechanism Exists Between Labor Authorities and Social Services

Yes (4)

Yes (7)

In 2020, the labor inspectorate conducted 258 child labor-specific inspections and identified 1 minor working, with appropriate work authorization. (7) A total of 23,262 labor inspections were conducted during the year, representing approximately 185 inspections carried out by each inspector. This is a high number of inspections conducted by each inspector, and it is likely that this high number impacts the quality of such inspections. (7) The MTPS has indicated that its budget is insufficient to address workers' rights. (7) Furthermore, despite the addition of 17 inspectors in 2020, the total number of labor inspectors is likely insufficient for the size of El Salvador's workforce, which includes more than 2.7 million workers. According to the ILO’s technical advice of a ratio approaching 1 inspector for every 15,000 workers in industrializing economies, El Salvador would employ about 180 labor inspectors. (42) In addition, inspectors focus primarily on the formal sector in urban areas due to resource constraints, despite the size of El Salvador's informal sector. (4,7,40) During the reporting period, inspectors did not receive training on the subject of child labor. (7)

Article 627 of the Labor Code specifies a default fine of no more than $60 per violation of all labor laws, including child labor laws. (25) Reports indicate that this amount is insufficient to deter labor violations. (3,37)

Criminal Law Enforcement

In 2020, criminal law enforcement agencies in El Salvador took actions to combat child labor (Table 7). However, gaps exist within the operations of criminal enforcement agencies that may hinder adequate criminal law enforcement, including allocating financial resources.

Table 7. Criminal Law Enforcement Efforts Related to Child Labor

Overview of Criminal Law Enforcement

2019

2020

Initial Training for New Criminal Investigators

Unknown (4)

No (7)

Training on New Laws Related to the Worst Forms of Child Labor

N/A

N/A (7)

Refresher Courses Provided

Yes (4)

No (7)

Number of Investigations

Unknown (4)

14 (7)

Number of Violations Found

Unknown (4)

Unknown (7)

Number of Prosecutions Initiated

Unknown (4)

Unknown (7)

Number of Convictions

0 (4)

Unknown (7)

Imposed Penalties for Violations Related to the Worst Forms of Child Labor

Yes (16)

Unknown (7)

Reciprocal Referral Mechanism Exists Between Criminal Authorities and Social Services

Yes (1)

Yes (7)

In 2020, the National Civil Police opened a total of 14 cases for investigation related to child labor violations. During the reporting period, the government reported two cases related to the sexual exploitation of children, in which one victim was rescued for each case. In one case, three subjects were arrested, and in the other, eight subjects were detained. (7) The Salvadoran Institute for the Complete Development of Children and Adolescents (ISNA) reported four adolescent trafficking victims rescued by police and placed in the ISNA Regional Trafficking in Persons Shelter. (7) The total number of violations found, prosecutions initiated, number of convictions, and penalties imposed related to the worst forms of child labor in 2020 were unknown because the government did not provide this information for inclusion in this report.

The Attorney General's Office stated the need for more investigators and analysts due to the complexity of the investigations and the specialized investigation technique required. (7) Reports also indicate that the Ministry of Justice and Public Security is underfunded and unable to support a sufficient number of investigators to collect and analyze evidence to process case backlogs. (1,16,40) In addition, research found that increased coordination between the National Civil Police and the Office of the Attorney General is needed to improve the investigation and prosecution of criminal child labor violations. (44) Salvadoran police chiefs and prosecutors noted that difficulties in collecting, sharing, and gaining actionable insights from investigative information remain a challenge, especially because investigative bodies lack the capabilities to share information electronically. (3,38)

IV. Coordination of Government Efforts on Child Labor

The government has established mechanisms to coordinate its efforts to address child labor (Table 8). However, gaps exist that hinder the effective coordination of efforts to address child labor, including efficacy in accomplishing mandates.

Table 8. Key Mechanisms to Coordinate Government Efforts on Child Labor

Coordinating Body

Role & Description

National Committee for the Eradication of Child Labor

Determines and implements government efforts to combat child labor. Chaired by MTPS, includes 12 government agencies, along with representatives from labor unions, business associations, and NGOs. (12,13) Maintains a web-based monitoring system that allows government agencies to share and analyze information to coordinate the implementation of the Roadmap. (13) Research was unable to determine whether the National Committee for the Eradication of Child Labor Coordinating Body was active during the reporting period.

National Council Against Trafficking in Persons

Coordinates government efforts to combat human trafficking and implements the National Policy Against Trafficking in Persons. (13,35) Led by the Ministry of Justice and Public Security and composed of 11 government agencies. (13,28) Research was unable to determine whether the National Council Against Trafficking in Persons Coordinating Body was active during the reporting period.

National Council for Children and Adolescents (CONNA)

Develops policies to protect the rights of children, including those regarding child labor, and implements LEPINA and the National Policy for the Comprehensive Protection of Children and Adolescents in El Salvador (PNPNA). (13,26,45,46) Responds to cases involving the violation of children's rights by providing victim assistance. (47) Research was unable to determine whether the CONNA Coordinating Body was active during the reporting period.

Departmental and Local Committees for Children’s and Adolescents’ Rights

Implement CONNA’s policies, including PNPNA, at the departmental and municipal levels, and receive complaints of child rights violations. (13,26) Research was unable to determine whether the Departmental and Local Committees for Children’s and Adolescents’ Rights Coordinating Bodies were active during the reporting period.

During the reporting period, multiple government agencies worked with the ILO to prepare the 2019 report "New Forms of Child Labor: Use and Recruitment of Boys, Girls and Adolescents for Illicit Gang Activities in El Salvador", a report that evaluates the relationship between gangs and children to highlight the worst form of child labor. (7)

V. Government Policies on Child Labor

The government has established policies related to child labor (Table 9). However, policy gaps exist that hinder efforts to address child labor, including the implementation of child labor issues into relevant national policies.

Table 9. Key Policies Related to Child Labor

Policy

Description

Roadmap to Make El Salvador a Country Free of Child Labor and Its Worst Forms

Serves as the government’s principal policy for eliminating the worst forms of child labor. Aims to eliminate all child labor by 2020, by reducing poverty, improving education and health, protecting children’s rights, and raising awareness of child labor. (48) Chaired by MTPS along with the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Foreign Relations, the Ministry of Economy, the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock. (7) In December 2020, under this policy, MTPS planned and launched the Plan of Labor Inspections to Determine Cases of Trafficking in Persons and Child Labor, but the results of the plan remain unknown. (7,49) However, some reporting indicates that under this plan the government closed several establishments either temporarily or permanently. (24) This plan consisted of a nationwide inspections operation to identify cases of human trafficking and child labor in bars and nightclubs. (49)

PNPNA (2013–2023)

Sets government policies aimed at guaranteeing children’s rights and protecting children from violence and harm, including the worst forms of child labor. Other objectives include reducing poverty and improving health services and access to quality education for children, including children with disabilities. (12,46) Research was unable to determine whether activities were undertaken during the reporting period to implement the PNPNA.

National Policy Against Trafficking in Persons

Defines a comprehensive plan to combat human trafficking of adults and children for labor and commercial sexual exploitation. Aims to improve prevention efforts, victim assistance, prosecution, inter-agency coordination, training, and anti-corruption efforts. (50,51) Research was unable to determine whether activities were undertaken during the reporting period to implement the National Policy Against Trafficking in Persons.

Educated El Salvador Plan

Outlines six priorities for improving El Salvador’s national education system, including increasing security in schools and improving access to education for vulnerable groups, including children engaged in child labor. (13,52) Research was unable to determine whether activities were undertaken during the reporting period to implement the Educated El Salvador Plan.

‡ The government had other policies that may have addressed child labor issues or had an impact on child labor. (1,3,37,53-58)

During the reporting period ISNA participated in the formulation of the National Early Childhood Policy, through which mostly low‐income parents can leave their children in a safe environment during the workday so that the children are not in contact with the work activities of their parents. (7) However, the government has not included child labor elimination and prevention strategies in the National Youth Policy (2010–2024). (59) The MTPS reported that the COVID-19 pandemic seriously affected the planning established for the reporting period and their ability to carry out work for these policies. (7)

VI. Social Programs to Address Child Labor

In 2020, the government funded and participated in programs that include the goal of eliminating or preventing child labor (Table 10). However, gaps exist in these social programs, including the adequacy of programs to address the full scope of the problem.

Table 10. Key Social Programs to Address Child Labor

Program

Description

Human Trafficking Public Awareness Campaigns†

Government public awareness campaigns implemented by CONNA and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to raise awareness about the dangers of human trafficking. Includes the “Protection Starts at Home” awareness program and the "Call 1 2 3” Hotline, which promote respect toward the physical, psychological, and sexual integrity of children and adolescents. (13,43,44,60) The "Call 1 2 3" Hotline offers children and adults the ability to consult specialists in emergency situations. (61) Research was unable to determine whether activities were undertaken during the reporting period to implement this initiative.

Sustainable Families Programs†

Set of government programs focused on improving health, education, productivity, and security, and eliminating poverty through inclusive and sustainable economic growth and access to public services. Include Health and Education Bonus Programs that assist families with cash transfers conditioned on children’s school attendance and health checkups. (50,62,63) Research was unable to determine whether activities were undertaken during the reporting period to implement the Sustainable Families Programs.

School Prevention and Security Plan†

Programs implemented by the Ministry of Justice and Public Security and the PNC in schools with high levels of violence. Includes activities such as provision of psychological help, online classes, skills workshops for youth, and increased police patrols. (64-67) Research was unable to determine whether activities were undertaken during the reporting period to implement the School Prevention and Security Plan.

USDOL-Funded Projects

Projects which aim to reduce the incidence of child labor, including: Youth Pathways-Central America (2015–2021), a $17 million project implemented by Catholic Relief Services in El Salvador and Honduras; and Reducing Incidence of Child Labor and Harmful Conditions of Work in Economic Strengthening Initiatives (RICHES) (2017–2021), a $1.6 million project implemented by the Grameen Foundation in El Salvador and the Philippines. (60,68-70) Additional information is available on the USDOL website.

† Program is funded by the Government of El Salvador.
‡ The government had other social programs that may have included the goal of eliminating or preventing child labor. (1,3,11,65,71-73)

Despite efforts to combat human trafficking, services for adolescent male human trafficking victims are limited, which may leave them vulnerable to being trafficked again. (38) Although the government implements several programs to reduce the worst forms of child labor by assisting poor families and school children, research found no evidence that the government has programs that assist child laborers who may not be living with their families and not attending school, such as children engaged in domestic work.

VII. Suggested Government Actions to Eliminate Child Labor

Based on the reporting above, suggested actions are identified that would advance the elimination of child labor in El Salvador (Table 11).

Table 11. Suggested Government Actions to Eliminate Child Labor

Area

Suggested Action

Year(s) Suggested

Legal Framework

Raise the minimum age for work from age 14 to the age up to which education is compulsory.

2018 – 2020

Enforcement

Provide sufficient funding and resources to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare and criminal law enforcement agencies to fully enforce child labor laws and investigate cases involving the worst forms of child labor, including in the informal sector.

2010 – 2020

 

Increase the number of labor inspectors to meet the ILO's technical advice.

2018 – 2020

 

Ensure and verify that child labor themes are included in annual refresher courses for inspectors.

2018 – 2020

 

Establish monetary penalties for child labor violations that are proportionate to the nature and seriousness of the offense.

2009 – 2020

 

Collect and publish complete information on training for new criminal investigators and data on the number of criminal violations found, and penalties imposed related to the worst forms of child labor.

2019 – 2020

 

Improve coordination between the National Civil Police and the Office of the Attorney General in their investigation and prosecution of criminal cases related to the worst forms of child labor, including by developing information-sharing capabilities.

2014 – 2020

Coordination

Ensure that all coordinating bodies are able to carry out their intended mandates.

2018 – 2020

Government Policies

Integrate child labor elimination and prevention strategies into the National Youth Policy for 2010–2024.

2014 – 2020

 

Publish activities undertaken to implement key policies related to child labor during the reporting period.

2020

Social Programs

Collect and publish government statistics evaluating the impact of collaborative projects targeting child labor in sugarcane production.

2016 – 2020

 

Publish activities undertaken to implement key social programs to address child labor during the reporting period.

2020

 

Remove barriers to education, such as birth registration requirements, and ensure access for all children, including students of indigenous descent.

2011 – 2020

 

Ensure that adequate services are available for all human trafficking victims, including adolescent males.

2020

 

Implement programs to support child laborers who may not be living with their parents, including child domestic workers.

2017 – 2020

 

Ensure annual surveys that provide data on child labor include information on specific child labor work sectors and the worst forms of child labor.

2020

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