Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Ottawa

Information on exit control procedures at the Shenzhen land border, including the verification of documents through the Public Security Bureau (PSB) Exit and Entry Administration Information System or Golden Shield (Policenet), for those traveling to Hong Kong, could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate within the time constraints of this Response.

This Response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the Research Directorate within time constraints. This Response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection.

Sources Consulted

Oral sources: Canada – Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada; Hong Kong – Immigration Department; Shenzhen – Public Security Bureau, Division of Exit-entry.

Internet sites, including: Al Jazeera; Amnesty International; BBC; Beijing Daily; China – Shenzhen Municipal Public Security Bureau, State Council; China Daily; China Perspectives; The China Quarterly; ecoi.net; Factiva; Freedom House; Global Times; The Globe and Mail; The Guardian; Hong Kong – Immigration Department; Human Rights Quarterly; Human Rights Watch; International Crisis Group; International Federation for Human Rights; IRIN; Jane's Intelligence Review; Minority Rights Group International; Organisation suisse d'aide aux réfugiés; People's Daily; Political Handbook of the World 2015; Radio France internationale; Radio Free Asia; Shenzhen – Public Security Bureau, Division of Exit-entry; South China Morning Post; Transparency International; United Nations – Refworld, ReliefWeb, OHCHR, OCHA, UNHCR; US – Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Department of State; Xinhua News Agency.