a-4368 (ACC-AFG-4368)

Nach einer Recherche in unserer Länderdokumentation und im Internet können wir Ihnen zu oben genannter Fragestellung Materialien zur Verfügung stellen, die unter anderem folgende Informationen enthalten:
 
Nach Angaben von Afghanistan Online ist der Anführer der Aghan Mellat (Sozial­demo­kratische Partei Afghanistans, auch „Afghan Nation“), Anwar al-Haq Ahadi, derzeit Finanz­minister in der Regierung Karsai (Afghanistan Online, 18. April 2005; siehe auch BBC, 4. April 2005).
 
Laut einem Bericht von Radio Afghanistan vom September 2004 hat Anwar al-Haq Ahadi auf einer Veranstaltung vor den Wahlen vor Tausenden Anhängern in Jalalabad angekündigt, bei den Wahlen Karsai zu Unterstützen. Afghan Mellat habe zuvor schon in Kandahar, Paktia, Konduz und Kabul solche Veranstaltungen abgehalten (Radio Afghanistan, 24. September 2004; siehe auch RFE/RL, 24. September 2004).
 
Human Rights Watch (HRW) berichtet im September 2004 von Drohungen gegen Mitglieder der Afghan Millat Partei in Jalalabad:
“Human Rights Watch received evidence that at least two openly active political parties and their members have faced threats in Jalalabad in 2004: the Nehzat Hambastegi Melli of Sayyid Ishaq Gilani, and the Afghan Millat party and Anwar-ul-Haq Ahadi (a Karzai supporter and the head of the Afghanistan Central Bank). According to credible sources who refused to be identified for security reasons, posters of Gilani’s party were illegally torn down in April by local police forces and some of the persons displaying them were threatened not to display them in the future. Around the same time, anonymous letters were distributed in Surkh Rod district in Nangahar alleging Ahadi was a “western crony” and warning locals not to associate with the Millat party or “otherwise face consequences.”” (HRW, September 2004, S.19)
Einem Bericht des Institute for War and Peace Reporting (IWPR) zufolge seien im August 2003 bis zu 30 paschtunische Studenten bei einer Razza des Campus in Kabul von Sicherheitskräften festgenommen worden, deren Aufenthaltsort bis zum Erscheinen des Artikels im September 2003 noch nicht bekannt war. Der Sprecher der Afghan Millat Partei (der einige der festgenommenen Studenten angehörten), Brigadier Azizullah habe die Operation als politisch motiviert betrachtet (IWPR, 9. September 2003).
 
Die International Crisis Group (ICG) berichtet im August 2003 folgendes zur Afghan Millat:
“Led by Central Bank Governor Ahadi, the Pashtun nationalist Afghan Millat party enjoys substantial support among educated Pashtuns in eastern Afghanistan. Afghan Millat activists report that in Jalalabad, the main city in the east, fear of local gunmen prevents them from operating openly.” (ICG, 5. August 2003, S.11)
UNHCR berichtet, ebenfalls im August 2003, zur Afghan Millat wie folgt:
“Afghan Millat (Afghan Nation): This Party was established in 1964 and issued a weekly newspaper “Afghan Milat”. The party is unwilling to disclose the size of their membership at this point. The party favours a republic with parliamentary system.
The Afghan Milat supports the present government on many issues, and has good relations with the local authorities in southern provinces. The Party says it has members in all the provinces of the south, but has offices only in Kandahar and Helmand provinces.
Bi-weekly newspaper ((Afghan Milat)) is presently issued in Kabul, 1000 copies of which go to the southern provinces. The publication is distributed to the members and is also sold to the public. Some of Afghan Milat Party members are presently occupying high level positions in the Kandahar local government.” (UNHCR, 15. August 2003, S.9)
Zur aktuellen Präsenz der Taliban in Afghanistan berichtet das Danish Immigration Service (DIS) unter Berufung auf verschiedene Quellen im November 2004 wie folgt über die Infiltration durch Taliban und deren –möglicherweise nur temporären- Kontrolle von Bezirken:
“In the opinion of the UNHCR, the Taliban infiltration in southern, south eastern and eastern districts consists of small groups, which cross the border on motorcycles from Pakistan and carry out attacks in Afghanistan. The UNHCR did not believe that Taliban has a proper organizational headquarter in Afghanistan. They confirmed the rumours that the Talibans had taken over control of several districts, but pointed out that had it been the case, it had been short-term operations.
The Norwegian Chargé d’Affaires stated that it is uncertain whether attacks in southern Afghanistan against the government are carried out by an organized Taliban structure. A lot of what is happening can be attributed to activities carried out by bandits. The Taliban infiltration is being used as a collective description for the hostilities in southern Afghanistan. Some of the participants in the attacks in the south probably concur with the ideology of the Taliban, but are not connected with the Taliban organization. The source was of the opinion that the slowness of the reconstruction and unrealistic expectations regarding reconstruction are strengthening the forces related to the Taliban. The source found it unlikely, however, that the international community will allow the reestablishment of the Taliban as a central power in Afghanistan.
The ICG was of the opinion that Taliban activities in southern Afghanistan are being controlled by a limited number of former Taliban commanders. The source was of the opinion that such activities cannot be carried out without the local authorities cooperation with the commanders. The source found that the activities were being coordinated both from the Pakistan and the Afghan side of the border. The ICG mentioned that no Taliban groups have taken control of any district in the regions of Afghanistan, with the exception of short-term occupations of one or two districts in Paktika used by the Talibans for propaganda purposes. The ICG was of the opinion that no parallel Taliban administration exists in Afghanistan.” (DIS, November 2004, S.19-20)
In der jüngsten Vergangenheit berichtet BBC von Aussagen des Leiters der US-Streitkräfte in Afghanistan, General David Barno, der davon ausgehe, dass die Organisation der Taliban kollabieren werde, was die verbleibenden Taliban-Kämpfer zu größeren Angriffen in den nächsten Monaten führen würde. Der mutmaßlich zweithöchste Anfüher der Taliban, Mawlavi Abdul Kabir spreche jedoch davon, dass es keine Spaltungen in der Organisation gebe und dass sie vermehrt Selbstmordattentate ausführen würden. Laut BBC gebe es Anzeichen dafür, dass die Taliban-Attacken in nächster Zeit zunehmen werden (BBC, 16. April 2005). Laut einem Artikel von BBC vom 19. April 2005 habe der (Piraten-)Radiosender der Taliban, „Voice of Shariat“ bzw. „Islamic Law“ wieder den Betrieb aufgenommen. Der mobile Sender sei in mehreren Regionen im Süden zu empfangen (BBC, 19. April 2005).
 
Bezüglich einzelner Vorfälle/Angriffe von Taliban-Kämpfern sei auf das entsprechende Kapitel im Themenpapier von ecoi.net verwiesen:
http://www.ecoi.net/doc/de/AF/content/8/1288-#s2221
 
Diese Informationen beruhen auf einer zeitlich begrenzten Recherche in öffentlich zugänglichen Dokumenten, die ACCORD derzeit zur Verfügung stehen. Die Antwort stellt keine abschließende Meinung zur Glaubwürdigkeit eines bestimmten Asylansuchens dar.
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