A representative of the Embassy of Syria in Washington, D.C. states that Palestinians in Syria enjoy the same rights as those enjoyed by nationals of Syria (15 July 1992). The representative adds that Palestinians can reside and work in Syria, but they are not considered Syrian nationals.
Referring to Palestinians in Syria, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1991 states that:

Palestinians are officially considered to be temporary residents pending the resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict. They may not vote in Syrian elections or acquire Syrian citizenship except through marriage to a Syrian male citizen. While they currently occupy several senior positions in the bureaucracy, Palestinians are unofficially barred from the highest echelons of the Government (1992, 1611).

Additional information on the above subject is currently unavailable to the IRBDC.
References

Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1991. 1992. U.S. Department of State. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Embassy of Syria, Washington, D.C. 15 July 1992. Telephone Interview with Representative.