Document #1075141
IRB – Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (Author)
Exhaustive information on this subject for
1996-1997 is scarce. General information on the Shi'a in Iraq is
available in the attached documents.
This Response was prepared after
researching publicly accessible information currently available to
the DIRB within time constraints. This Response is not, and does
not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular
claim to refugee status or asylum.
Attachments
Agence France Press (AFP) [Paris]. 27
August 1996. "Iraqi Army Mounts Assault on South: Shiite
Opposition." (NEXIS)
_____. 13 August 1996. "Iraq: AFP
Reports 10 republican Guards Executed for Coup Attempt."
(FBIS-NES-96-158 13 August 1996).
_____. 20 March 1996. "Iraq: INC
Statement Says Iraqi Officer Defects, Joins Opposition."
(FBIS-NES-96-056 20 March 1996).
Al-Sharq Al-Awsat [London]. 15
May 1996. "Iraq: Saddam's 'New Deal' to Revive Tribal System."
(FBIS-NES-96-096 15 may 1996).
_____. 19 April 1996. "Iraq: Saddam Said
Considering Government Changes, Reconciliation." (FBIS-NES-96-078
19 April 1996).
_____. 10 May 1996. "Iraq: 'Secret' List
Bans Various Tribes From Military Academies."
(FBIS-NES-96-092 10 May 1996).
Corriere Della Sera [Milan]. 28
August 1996. "Iraq: Opposition Leader Views Hijacking, Saddam's
Hold on Power." (FBIS-NES-96-169 28 August 1996).
Dialogue [London]. November
1996. "The Marsh Arabs: A Scientific Response," pp. 4-5.
The Economist. 8 April 1995.
"Iraq: Down But Not Out." (NEXIS)
Extremist Groups. 1996.
"Ad-Da'awah." Edited by Jeffrey A. Builta. Office of International
Criminal Justice, pp. 649-651.
Federal News Service. 28 March 1996.
"Prepared Testimony of Rend Rahim Francke, Executive Director, The
Iraqi Foundation Before the House International Committee."
(NEXIS)
Human Rights Watch. 1997. Report
1997. New York: Human Rights Watch Publications.
The Independent. 8 January
1995. Sarah Helm. "Famine After the Desert Storm." (NEXIS)
_____. 23 July 1994. Charles Richards.
"Leading Iraqi Shia Dies in Staged Crash." (NEXIS)
Jane's Intelligence Review. 1
February 1997. Sean Boyne. Vol. 4, No. 2. "Iraqi Dissidents Active
in Enclave." (NEXIS)
Laizer, Sheri. 1996. Martyrs,
Traitors and Patriots: Kurdistan After the Gulf War. London
and New Jersey: Zed Books.
Libération [Paris]. 16
December 1996. "L'attentat contre le fils de Saddam
revendiqué."
The Middle East. October 1995.
"Saddam's Fate in the Balance?."
The Middle East and North Africa
1996. 1996. London: Europa Publications.
Middle East Report
[Washington]. March-April 1995. Pierre-Jean Luizard. "The Iraqi
Question From the Inside."
_____. March - April 1995. No.
193, Vol. 25. Sarah Graham-Brown. "Intervention, Sovereignty and
Responsibility: The Iraq Sanctions Dilemma."
_____. March - April 1995. No. 193, Vol.
25. Rend Rahim Francke. "The Iraqi Opposition and the Sanctions
Debate."
The Times. 14 October 1994.
"Baghdad Drives Shia Muslims Into Arid Exile." (NEXIS)
United Press International (UPI). 15
March 1996. BC Cycle. "U.N. Says Iraq Kills, Tortures Opponents."
(NEXIS)
United States Department of State. 30
January 1997. Taiwan Country Report on Human Rights Practices for
1996. Washington, DC: Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.
[Internet] URL: http://www.state.gov/rights. [Accessed 30 Jan.
1997]
Voice of Iraqi Islamic
Revolution [Clandestine]. 2 September 1996. "Iraq: Shiite
Radio Says Government Planning New Attacks in South."
(FBIS-NES-96-171 2 September 1996).
_____. 29 August 1996. "Iraq: Shiite
Radio Reports on Several Days of Fighting in the South."
(FBIS-NES-96-170 29 August 1996).
_____. 28 August 1996. "Iraq: 'Fierce
Fighting' Reportedly Continues in Southern Marshlands."
(FBIS-NES-96-169 28 August 1996).
Voice of the Rebellious Iraq
[Clandestine, in Arabic]. 8 October 1996. "Shi'i Rebel Radio
Reports Attacks on Government Officials in Southern Iraq." (BBC
Summary 10 Oct. 1996) (NEXIS)
_____. 3 September 1996. "Iraq: Shiite
Radio Reports 'Movements' to Expel Regime Forces Begin."
(FBIS-NES-96-171 3 September 1996).
_____. 15 April 1996. "Iraq: Regime
Reportedly Planning to Expel Shiites from Baghdad."
(FBIS-NES-96-075 15 April 1996).
Additional Sources Consulted
Database
FBIS (01.01.91- 17.02.97)
World News Connection (01.01.95
-17.02.97)
PAIS (01.01.91-17.02.97)
Sociofile
America: History and Life
ABI/Inform
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