06.03.2007 - Source: US Department of State

Plateau state: Hausa and Fulani claimed to face discrimination from the local government ("Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2006") [ID 19958]

"In Plateau State, the Hausa and Fulani, most of whom were Muslim and considered non-indigenes, claimed to face significant discrimination from the local government in scholarships and government representation."

Document(s): Open document

07.10.2002 - Source: US Department of State

2,300 persons killed in ethno-religious violence in Jos; 80 percent of the victims were Hausa Muslims ("International Religious Freedom Report 2002") [#8895],  [ID 14977]

"The most significant incident occurred between September 7 and 13, 2001, when 2,300 persons were killed in ethno-religious violence in Jos. It is unclear how the unrest began; however, the appointment of an ethnic Hausa to the chairmanship of a local Poverty Alleviation Program had increased tensions and accompanied earlier violence between Christian Sayewa and Muslim Hausa in Tafawa Balewa, Bauchi, only 37 miles away. There also were reports of summary executions of Hausa in outlying villages. Approximately 80 percent of the victims in Jos were Hausa Muslims, who constitute a significant minority in Jos. The military was able to restore order; however, thousands of Hausas fled Plateau State for Kaduna, Kano, Jigawa, and Bauchi. This conflict appears to have been primarily ethnic and secondarily religious. Christians of different groups were reported to have attacked each other, and Yoruba Muslims reportedly attacked Hausa Muslims. According to the Nigerian Red Cross, approximately 11,600 persons were displaced internally. Although the crisis in Jos had religious overtones, it was precipitated, at least partially, by indigenous ethnic groups attempting deny Hausa "immigrants" access to the resources of Plateau State, even though immigrant Hausa settlers originally founded Jos."

Document(s): Open document

08.02.2002 - Source: Integrated Regional Information Network

More than 2,000 persons displaced after 4 days of fighting between Yoruba and Hausa ("Nigeria: Relief groups aid clash victims amid reprisal fears in north") [#5511],  [ID 14978]

"The clashes, which began on Saturday, lasted for about four days. They pitted Yorubas, who are indigenous to Lagos and other parts of southwestern Nigeria, against 'Hausas' (Hausa-speakers) from the north. (…) A statement by the Nigerian Red Cross said 578 families (more than 2,000 people) displaced in the clashes had been registered. They were evacuated to camps for the displaced set up in the city by the Red Cross and the National Emergency Management Agency."

Document(s): Open document

05.02.2002 - Source: Integrated Regional Information Network

IRIN: Dozens of people killed and thousands forced to seek refuge as a result of clashes between Yoruba and Hausa in Lagos ("Nigeria: Deaths rise in Lagos clashes, thousands flee") [#5478],  [ID 14979]

"Ethnic fighting in Lagos has killed dozens of people and forced thousands to seek refuge in military barracks and other safe places, witnesses said. The clashes pitted local Yorubas against Hausa-speakers from northern Nigeria. The clashes, which broke out on Saturday at Idi Araba in the city's Mushin slum district following a minor dispute, continued until Monday despite the deployment of troops and policemen to quell the violence. (…) Gangs of rival youths, armed with shotguns, swords, bottles, bows and arrows fought street battles on Monday morning in several northern suburbs of the city, still recovering from the devastating effects of explosions at an ammunitions dump that killed more than 1,000 a week before. Idi Araba and other areas including Fadeyi, Obanikoro and Yaba market, were littered with corpses. Several houses were burnt."

Document(s): Open document

04.02.2002 - Source: Integrated Regional Information Network

IRIN: Lagos: At least 20 people killed in clashes between local Yorubas and Hausa-speaking northerners ("Nigeria: Ethnic clashes in Lagos claim at least 20 lives") [#5479],  [ID 14980]

"At least 20 people have died in clashes since Saturday in Lagos, Nigeria, between local Yorubas and Hausa-speaking northerners, residents and other sources said.The clashes were sparked by a dispute between a Yoruba and a Hausa, in which one of the parties was killed, residents of Mushin, the affected area, said. Fighting between gangs armed with bottles, swords and clubs continued throughout Saturday night, died down on Sunday, but resumed on Monday morning."

Document(s): Open document

17.07.2001 - Source: BBC News

More than 100 people killed in ethnic unrest in Nasarawa/ at least 35,000 Tiv people reportedly fled ("Nigeria clashes leave 100 dead") [#2837],  [ID 14981]

"More than 100 people have died in five weeks of bloody clashes in the central Nigeria state of Nasarawa. (…) It was reportedly triggered by the murder of a prominent chief from a rival Hausa-speaking community. The Tivs were blamed for his death. Eyewitnesses in Tudun Adabu at the time reported that young children, old women and local chiefs had been killed with machetes in an orgy of violence. The government sent police reinforcements to the area to help control the fighting. At least 35,000 Tiv people reportedly fled Nasarawa state, and some are now living in refugee camps to the south."

Document(s): 01519nig.htm
Open document

27.06.2001 - Source: Integrated Regional Information Network

IRIN: 25 people killed in clashes between Tivs and Hausa-speakers in Lafia, Nassarawa State ("Nigeria: Ethnic unrest spreads") [#2266],  [ID 14982]

"Ethnic clashes that began two weeks ago in central Nigeria's Nassarawa State have spread to Lafia, the state capital, where more than 25 people have been killed, Radio Nigeria reported on Tuesday. Fighting involving Tivs and Hausa-speakers in Nasarawa followed the 12 June killing by unknown gunmen of Hausa traditional ruler Musa Ibrahim and members of his entourage. His people blamed Tivs and carried out revenge killings, forcing many to flee to nearby Benue State, where Tivs are in the majority. Thousands of people displaced by the clashes have taken refuge in the central Nigerian town of Makurdi and surrounding areas, local residents said. The French news agency quoted Red Cross officials as saying that up to 35,000 people had been displaced.

UK Home Office. October 2003

6.48 Fighting also broke out in June 2001 between Tivs and their mainly Hausa-speaking neighbours in Nasarawa State. This violence resulted in at least 100 deaths, according to the police, but more than 200, according to other sources, and the displacement of more than 50,000 people. The violence was caused by the killing of Musa Ibrahim, the traditional ruler of the Azara people, on 12 June 2001, together with four members of his entourage. The gunmen were not identified but Tivs, with whom there was a long-standing land dispute, were suspected, and the Azaras launched reprisal attacks. This led to intense inter-ethnic fighting in several towns and settlements across the state.



6.49 The Tiv, who are a minority in Nasarawa, fled in large numbers to neighbouring Benue State where they form the majority. Local newspapers citing Red Cross sources said more than 40,000 displaced Tivs were camped in and around the Benue capital, Makurdi. Many others sought refuge further north in Plateau State. The fighting quickly spread from Nasarawa to nearby Taraba State, where the Tiv, once again in the minority, were attacked around the town of Wukari by the Fulani and the Kutebs, with whom they had also had violent clashes in recent years. The Nigerian police acted quickly to contain this violence, and have been even handed in their approach. However, those who were displaced have faced healthcare and supply problems."

Document(s): 01276nig.htm
Open document

25.06.2001 - Source: Integrated Regional Information Network

Thousands of people have been seeking refuge in and around the town of Makurdi following more than a week of violence between Tivs and Hausa-speakers in which dozens have been reported killed ("Thousands displaced in ethnic unrest") [#2246],  [ID 14983]

"Thousands of people have been seeking refuge in and around the central Nigerian town of Makurdi following more than a week of ethnic violence in which dozens have been reported killed, local residents said on Monday. Fighting between Tivs and Hausa-speakers in Nasarawa State followed the 12 June killing by unknown gunmen of Musa Ibrahim, a Hausa traditional ruler, and members of his entourage. His people blamed the incident on the Tivs and launched reprisal killings, forcing many to flee to nearby Benue State where Tivs form the majority"

Document(s): 00150nig.htm
Open document