Source:

Background information on the ethnic group of the Fulani, Hausa-Fulani respectively [ID 15463]

Quoted after:

"The Fulani cattle-raising nomads have spread inexorably westward into the area. Many of the Fulani settled in villages and towns. The general relationship between the Fulani and settled farmers was symbiotic. However, conflicts did erupt, and at the beginning of the 19th century, the Fulani led a holy war, or jihad, that resulted in the founding of the Sokoto Caliphate. The Fulani took over the Hausa states and intermarried with their former rulers, assimilating Hausa culture in the process. Hence, the rulers of these states and the people are generally referred to as Hausa-Fulani. There are, however, a number of "pure Hausa" who resent the term-just as there are "pure Fulani" who prefer to be called simply "Fulani", even among the settled Fulani of the region. (Levinson, 1998, 157)"