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IRAN
- Current Issues
- Country Background, Politics & Law
- Human Rights Issues
- Security, Humanitarian Issues and Protection Related Issues
- Opposition
Human Rights Issues
Source:
Amnesty International-Urgent Action: At least 10 persons executed; according to amnesty international another 10 persons are at risk of being executed [ID 8563]
"Laut einem Bericht der Zeitung "Norouz" vom 16. Mai 2002 sollen in den kommenden Wochen bis zu 20 "schuldige Straftäter und Schurken" hingerichtet werden. Seitdem sind nach vorliegenden Meldungen bereits mindestens zehn Personen exekutiert worden, und amnesty international befürchtet, dass eine weitere Hinrichtungswelle droht.
Wie es heißt, wurden am Tag der Veröffentlichung des Presseartikels vier Männer im Gefängnis Quasr in Teheran gehenkt. Sie waren wegen Mordes zum Tode verurteilt worden, und der Oberste Gerichtshof des Landes hatte ihre Rechtsmittel zurückgewiesen. Drei Tage darauf veröffentlichte die Zeitung "Seda-ye 'Edalat" einen Artikel, in dem auf die unmittelbar bevorstehende Hinrichtung eines jungen Mannes durch den Strang hingewiesen wurde. Am 20. Mai 2002 wurden Berichten zufolge fünf "Drogenschmuggler", deren Namen nicht angegeben worden waren, in der im Nordosten des Landes gelegenen Stadt Mashhad gehenkt.
Die Zeitung "Norouz" berichtete am 16. Mai 2002 ferner, dass Ahmad Dolatyari, ein "bekannter Dieb und Mörder", die Familie seines mutmaßlichen Opfers um Vergebung gebeten habe. Nach vorliegenden Informationen wurde er dann am 20. Mai 2002 hingerichtet.
Ali Reza soll am 21. Mai 2002 wegen der Tötung eines Mannes in Notwehr zu 74 Peitschenhieben verurteilt worden sein. Berichten zufolge wurde ihm eine Frist von 20 Tagen zur Einlegung von Rechtsmitteln eingeräumt.
Der 17-jährige Ramin wurde am 17. Mai 2002 wegen Heroinbesitzes zu 20 Peitschenhieben verurteilt. Aufgrund seiner Schilddrüsenerkrankung wurde die Strafe später auf 15 Hiebe reduziert und die Vollstreckung des Urteils auf drei Jahre ausgesetzt."
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Tageszeitung: Man sentenced for murder publicly executed in Ahwas [ID 8569]
"In der Stadt Ahwas wurde der iranischen Nachrichtenagentur Irna zufolge gestern ein wegen Mordes verurteilter Iraner öffentlich hingerichtet. Eine weitere Hinrichtung in der Stadt Behbahan wurde abgesagt."
11.03.2008 - Source: US Department of State
Death sentence for 6 Ahvazi Arabs after reportedly unfair trails ("Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2007") [ID 22872]
"The government also continued to sentence individuals to execution after reportedly unfair trials. During the year six Ahvazi Arabs were scheduled for execution after trials not considered fair, one of whom was granted refugee status by UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)."
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31.01.2008 - Source: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
The head of Iran's judiciary is seeking to impose limits on public executions amid a rise in death-penalty cases during President Mahmud Ahmadinejad's 2 1/2 years in office; Iran put some 300 people to death in 2007; death sentences also for minors ("Judiciary Chief Seeks Curb On Public Executions") [ID 22509]
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31.01.2008 - Source: Human Rights Watch
Juvenile Death Penalty ("World Report 2008") [ID 22517]
"Iran leads the world in the number of death sentences handed down to defendants for crimes they committed under age 18. At least 70 juvenile offenders are presently on death row, and at this writing Iran has executed two juvenile offenders in 2007:
Syed Mohammad Reza Mousavi Shirazi, 20, executed in Adel Abd prison in Shiraz city on April 22 for a murder he allegedly committed when he was 16, and Sa'id Qanbar Zahi, 17, executed in Zahedan on May 27. In 2003 the head of the Judiciary, Ayatollah Shahrudi, circulated an order among Iran’s judges prohibiting death sentences for juvenile offenders, but courts continue to issue such sentences."
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30.01.2008 - Source: Iran Focus
Airport customs contractor accused of bribe-taking and other corruption executed; three other airport employees sentenced to death ("Iran executes bribery convict") [ID 22439]
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28.01.2008 - Source: Iran Focus
Province of Markazi: Authorities hanged two men in public, state media reported ("Two men hanged in central Iran") [ID 22438]
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15.01.2008 - Source: Guardian
Iran urged to abolish executions by stoning, described by Amnesty International as 'grotesque and horrific' form of punishment; 177 people have been executed - mostly by hanging - in 2006; 124 people were executed up to mid-year 2007, mostly by hanging too; 2 people were stoned to death in 2006 and one in 2007 ("Amnesty demands Iran ends 'grotesque' stoning executions") [ID 22246]
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10.01.2008 - Source: Iran Focus
Province of Khorrasan Jonoubi: Authorities hanged three individuals, state media reported ("Three people hanged in eastern Iran") [ID 22250]
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02.01.2008 - Source: Iran Focus
Iran hanged 13 convicted criminals: Among those a mother of two young children who had been found guilty of murdering her husband after discovering he was having an affair ("Iran hangs 13 on single day: reports") [ID 22242]
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01.01.2008 - Source: Iran Focus
Province of Sistan-va-Baluchistan: Iranian authorities hanged 2 men on 31 December 2007; they were accused of drug trafficking ("Two men hanged in south-east Iran") [ID 22158]
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29.12.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Iran Supreme Court upholds death sentence for 17-year old schoolboy over the murder of his eight-year-old friend in December 2005; he was found guilty of convincing his younger friend to have sex with him; imminent execution ("Iran Supreme Court upholds death sentence for teenage boy") [ID 22157]
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20.12.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Tehran: Authorities hang four people, including a woman, in notorious Evin Prison ("Iran hangs three men, one woman") [ID 22151]
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17.12.2007 - Source: Amnesty International
Raheleh Zamani, a mother of two children aged five and three, is facing imminent execution for the killing of her husband ("Urgent Action 334/07 [MDE 13/149/2007]") [ID 22510]
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11.12.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Khorrasan province: Four people were hanged, state television reported ("Four hanged in north-east Iran") [ID 22140]
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06.12.2007 - Source: Amnesty International
Amnesty International condemns the execution of Makwan Moloudzadeh, an Iranian Kurdish child offender, on 4 December 2007; he was executed for a crime he allegedly committed at the age of 13; in 2007 Iranian authorities have executed at least 5 other child offenders; at least 75 others remain on death row ("Execution of child offender Makwan Moloudazdeh is a mockery of justice [MDE 13/141/2007]") [ID 22135]
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06.12.2007 - Source: BBC News
A man convicted of rape when he was 13 is executed despite a judicial decree revoking his sentence ("Iranian hanged after verdict stay") [ID 22137]
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05.12.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Province of Kerman: 5 individuals were executed on Wednesday, state media reported ("Five hanged in southern Iran") [ID 22083]
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05.12.2007 - Source: Human Rights Watch
Authorities are demanded to follow the order by the head of the Judiciary Ayatollah Shahrudi to halt the execution of Makwan Mouloudzadeh for a judicial review of the case; he was sentenced to death for crimes allegedly committed when he was 13 years old; his accusers recanted their accusations against him; his confessions were coerced ("Prevent Execution of Juvenile Offender") [ID 22133]
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02.12.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Authorities hanged three men in holy city of Qom, south of Tehran, state media reported ("Iran hangs three men in public") [ID 22082]
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27.11.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Central Iran: A man accused of drug trafficking was hanged, state media reported ("Man hanged in central Iran") [ID 21827]
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27.11.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Central Iran: A man accused of drug trafficking was hanged, state media reported ("Man hanged in central Iran") [ID 22076]
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25.11.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Sistan-va-Baluchistan: Two men accused of drug trafficking were hanged, state media reported ("Two men hanged in south-east Iran") [ID 21829]
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25.11.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Sistan-va-Baluchistan: Two men accused of drug trafficking were hanged, state media reported ("Two men hanged in south-east Iran") [ID 22074]
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16.11.2007 - Source: Amnesty International
On 14 November the Supreme Court heard an appeal against the death sentence imposed on child offender Makwan Moloudzadeh; in the next few months, the Supreme Court has to rule whether the sentence remains valid ("Further Information on Urgent Action 278/07 (MDE 13/125/2007, 26 October 2007) [MDE 13/136/2007]") [ID 22057]
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14.11.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Kermanshah Province: Two men were publicly hanged; they were charged with robbery and murder ("Two hanged in public in western Iran") [ID 22066]
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11.11.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Sistan-va-Baluchistan: Nader Kalbali was hanged in the provincial capital Zahedan; he was charged with drug trafficking ("Man hanged in volatile Iran province") [ID 22063]
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09.11.2007 - Source: Reporters Sans Frontières
Supreme court decision upholding death sentence for Kurdish journalist should be "taken seriously" ("Supreme court decision upholding death sentence for Kurdish journalist should be "taken seriously"") [ID 21684]
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08.11.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Tehran: Two men were hanged in public south-west of the capital Tehran; they were found guilty of raping a Dutch woman ("Iran hangs two men in public south of capital") [ID 22061]
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04.11.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Central Iran: Man hanged in city of Isfahan, state media reports ("Man hanged in central Iran") [ID 21671]
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04.11.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Southern Iran: Four men hanged, state media reports; they were accused of drug trafficking ("Four men hanged in port city") [ID 21672]
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03.11.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Southern Iran: Authorities hang man in public, state media reports ("Man hanged in public in southern Iran") [ID 21674]
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03.11.2007 - Source: Human Rights Watch
Iranian authorities should immediately prevent the execution of Makwan Mouloudzadeh and commute his death sentence, HRW says; Mouloudzadeh, 20, was sentenced to death on questionable evidence for a crime supposedly committed when he was a 13-year-old child ("Revoke Death Sentence in Juvenile Case") [ID 21740]
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02.11.2007 - Source: ReliefWeb
Afghanistan complains to Iran over death penalty; Afghan drug smugglers often face death sentence in Iranian border provinces; unconfirmed reports of Afghan human rights group speaks of 17 year old Afghan hanged for smuggling heroin late October ("Afghanistan complains to Iran over death penalty, refugees") [ID 21732]
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31.10.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Qom: Authorities hang man in public, state media reports ("Iran hangs man in public in holy city") [ID 21677]
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31.10.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Central Iran: Authorities hang man in public, state media reports ("Man hanged in public in central Iran") [ID 21678]
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28.10.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Central Iran: Three men hanged in prisons, state media reports ("Iran hangs three men") [ID 21680]
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26.10.2007 - Source: Amnesty International
Iranian Kurd, Makwan Moloudzadeh, at risk of being executed; he was convicted of rape; Moloudzadeh was 13 at the time he committed the crime ("Urgent Action 278/07 [MDE 13/25/2007]") [ID 21812]
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23.10.2007 - Source: Amnesty International
Soghra Najafpour hiding in fear of being detained and executed; sentenced to death 18 years ago; released on bail on 1 October 2007 ("Urgent Action 271/07 [MDE 13/124/2007]") [ID 21811]
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21.10.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Eastern Iran: Five people hanged in public, state media reports ("Five hanged in public in eastern Iran") [ID 21681]
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10.09.2007 - Source: Federal Government (Germany)
Deterioration of human rights situation since Mahmud Ahmadinejad assumed office in 2005; details on death penalty and corporal punishment (response to parliamentary query, in German) ("Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Fraktion Bündnis 90/Die Grünen - BT-Drs. 16/6336") [ID 22071]
"[...] Seit Amtsantritt der derzeitigen iranischen Regierung unter Präsident Mahmoud Ahmadinejad im Jahre 2005 ist eine Verschlechterung der Menschenrechtslage im Iran zu beobachten. Die fortdauernden Repressionsmaßnahmen lassen ver- muten, dass die iranische Staatsführung Anstrengungen zur Disziplinierung einer in Teilen widerstrebenden Gesellschaft unternimmt. Die Gesellschaft soll gezwungen werden, den Prinzipien der Islamischen Revolution treu zu bleiben. Diese Tendenz hat sich in den letzten Monaten verstärkt.
[...]Die Zahl der Hinrichtungen hat 2007 gegenüber den Vorjahren deutlich zugenommen. 2006 wurden im Iran 177 Hinrichtungen dokumentiert, in den ersten acht Monaten des Jahres 2007 bereits mindestens 173. Die Zahl der Hinrichtungen hat 2007 gegenüber den Vorjahren deutlich zugenommen. 2006 wurden im Iran 177 Hinrichtungen dokumentiert, in den ersten acht Monaten des Jahres 2007 bereits mindestens 173.
Nach Erkenntnissen der Bundesregierung finden im Iran landesweit Hinrichtungen statt. Die Verurtei- lungen der Betroffenen erfolgen wegen unterschiedlicher Straftaten: Tötungsdelikte, Handel mit Betäubungsmitteln und Waffen, Raub, Entführung, Unruhestiftung und Vergewaltigung. Hinrichtungen werden teilweise öffentlich, in der Regel durch Erhängen durchgeführt. [...]"
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10.09.2007 - Source: Federal Government (Germany)
Minors sentenced to death; Deterioration of human rights situation since Mahmud Ahmadinejad assumed office in 2005; details on death penalty and corporal punishment (response to parliamentary query, in German) ("Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Fraktion Bündnis 90/Die Grünen - BT-Drs. 16/6336") [ID 22407]
"Jugendliche werden im Iran weiterhin zum Tode verurteilt und in Einzelfällen hingerichtet. Derzeit sollen sich nach Angaben von Menschenrechtsorganisationen über 70 zur Tatzeit Minderjährige in iranischen Gefängnissen befinden, gegen die ein Todesurteil ergangen ist.
Seit 1990 sollen im Iran mindestens 24 zum Tatzeitpunkt minderjährige Straftäter hingerichtet worden sein, vier davon im Jahre 2006.
2007 sind mindestens zwei Fälle bekannt geworden: Mohammad Moussavi am 22. April in Shiraz und Qanbar Zahi am 28. Mai in Zahedan.
Iranische Medien berichteten ferner vom Fall eines Mannes namens Abbas, der am 31. Mai 2007 in Neka in der Provinz Mazandaran hingerichtet worden sei"
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10.09.2007 - Source: Federal Government (Germany)
Deterioration of human rights situation since Mahmud Ahmadinejad assumed office in 2005; details on death penalty and corporal punishment (response to parliamentary query, in German) ("Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Fraktion Bündnis 90/Die Grünen - BT-Drs. 16/6336") [ID 22409]
"[...] Oppositionelle können im Iran zum Tode verurteilt werden; in der Vergangenheit wurden Oppositionelle und politische Aktivisten allerdings eher zu langjährigen Haftstrafen verurteilt. Todesurteile sind aber gegen einige Mitglieder der Volksmujaheddin ausgesprochen worden. [...]"
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13.07.2007 - Source: Amnesty International
AI is greatly concerned by continuing human rights violations in Iran, including new arrests of human rights defenders and high rate of executions, including first execution by stoning confirmed by authorities since moratorium on stonings was announced in 2002 ("Violations of human rights continue unabated [MDE 13/085/2007]") [ID 21610]
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12.07.2007 - Source: Guardian
Iranian government has decided to execute 20 sex offenders and violent criminals ("Iran to defy west by executing sex offenders") [ID 21597]
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03.07.2007 - Source: Amnesty International
Iran is the world's sole executioner of child offenders; it has executed more child offenders (24) than any other country in the world since 1990; 11 of those sentenced to death were still aged under 18 when executed ("Iran – the last executioner of children") [ID 21444]
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29.06.2007 - Source: Amnesty International
Colonel Davoud Abdollahi Moghadam was sentenced to death by a military court in February 2007, and is now facing execution; the charges against him are reported to have been politically motivated ("Urgent Action 164/07 [MDE 13/080/2007]") [ID 21452]
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24.06.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Tehran: Man hanged near capital ("In Brief: Man hanged near Iran capital") [ID 21458]
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22.06.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Man hanged in public in Western Iran ("In Brief: Man hanged in public in western Iran") [ID 21459]
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20.06.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Authorities executed a 40-year-old man, accused of drug trafficking, in public ("Man hanged in public in southern Iran") [ID 21462]
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14.06.2007 - Source: Iran Focus
Tehran: 5 persons hanged in Evin Prison ("Iran hangs five in notorious prison") [ID 21466]
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06.03.2007 - Source: US Department of State
Two 17-year-old teenagers executed ("Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2006") [ID 19338]
"On May 11 [2006], according to HRW, authorities executed Majid Segound and Masoud Naghi Biranvand, both of whom were age 17 at the time of their execution."
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06.03.2007 - Source: US Department of State
17-year-old Ali Afrawi tried and finally executed in March 2005 ("Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2006") [ID 19591]
"[...] reports indicated that during the year the government tried persons under the age of 18, including Ali Afrawi, who was reported to have been 17 years old at the time of his trial and execution in March (see section 1.a.)."
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06.03.2007 - Source: US Department of State
Two men scheduled to be executed for crimes they committed before the age of 18; victims’ families can decide whether to seek blood money in lieu of the death penalty ("Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2006") [ID 19592]
"In September two men, Sina Paymard and Ali Alijan, were scheduled to be executed for crimes they committed before the age of 18; however, both received reprieves from the victims' families, who were permitted under law to seek blood money in lieu of the death penalty."
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06.03.2007 - Source: US Department of State
Despite a moratorium on death penalty for persons under 18, a man was executed for a crime he committed with 17; 30 juveniles on death row ("Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2006") [ID 19593]
"In January 2005 government officials told the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child that for many years there had been a moratorium on the death penalty for persons under 18. During the same month, according to credible reports, a man was executed for a crime committed when he was 17. According to an HRW report, during the year 30 juveniles were on death row."
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03.12.2006 - Source: Reporters Sans Frontières
Ayatollah issues fatwa calling for 2 journalists in Azerbaijan to be killed ("Ayatollah issues fatwa calling for two journalists in Azerbaijan to be killed") [ID 18022]
"Reporters Without Borders voiced deep concern today about a fatwa (religious decree) issued by an Iranian ayatollah calling for two journalists in neighbouring Azerbaijan to be killed for an allegedly blasphemous article. The fatwa’s targets are Rafiq Nazar Oughlo Taghizadh of the Azerbaijani fortnightly Sanat (“Industry”) and his editor Samir Sadaght Oughlo."
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26.11.2006 - Source: Iran Focus
According to a state-run news agency authorities hanged a man in public in South-East for adultery ("Iran hangs man for adultery") [ID 17855]
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22.11.2006 - Source: Iran Focus
Tehran’s public prosecutor seeks death penalty for 7 individuals accused of producing and distributing pornographic CDs ("Iran prosecutors seek death penalty for 7 "vulgar CD" sellers") [ID 17856]
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20.11.2006 - Source: Iran Focus
Province of Golestan: 5 men hanged in public according to state-run daily newspaper ("Iran steps up executions") [ID 18015]
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23.05.2006 - Source: Amnesty International
A Kurdish women's right activist and 2 Kurdish journalists arrested, later released on bail; they face charges that can carry the death penalty ("Annual Report 2006") [ID 18828]
"[...] Dr Roya Toloui, a women’s rights activist, and two journalists, Ajlal Qavami and Sa’id Sa’edi, were among the Kurds arrested in August [2005]. All were released on bail in October and were reported to be facing political charges that can carry the death penalty."
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23.05.2006 - Source: Amnesty International
Death penalty and its execution in 2005 ("Annual Report 2006") [ID 18896]
"At least 94 people were executed in 2005, including at least eight aged under 18 at the time of the crime. Scores more were reported to have been sentenced to death, including at least 11 who were under 18 at the time of the offence. The true figures were probably much higher. Death sentences continued to be imposed for vaguely worded offences such as “corruption on earth”.
In October, a woman was reportedly sentenced to death by stoning, despite a moratorium on the use of this punishment introduced in 2002.
In January, the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child urged Iran to suspend immediately the execution of people aged under 18 at the time of the crime, and to abolish the death penalty for people who commit crimes before they are 18. Despite Iran’s statement that there was a moratorium on the use of the death penalty against juvenile offenders, Iman Farrokhi was executed on the very day that Iran’s report was considered by the Committee. He was 17 when he allegedly killed a soldier in a fight.
Following domestic and international protests, the death sentences of some women and of men aged under 18 at the time of their alleged offence were suspended or lifted."
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08.03.2006 - Source: US Department of State
16-year-old girl hanged without having access to a lawyer ("Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2005") [#46058], [ID 18355]
"In August 2004 Iranian media reported that 16-year-old Ateqeh Rajabi was hanged in public for "acts incompatible with chastity." Rajabi was not believed to be mentally competent and had no access to a lawyer. The supreme court upheld her sentence. An unnamed man arrested with her received 100 lashes and was released."
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08.03.2006 - Source: US Department of State
Despite forensic evidence proofing self-defence in the case of Afsaneh Noroozi, the court insisted on the death penalty; later blood money was accepted and Noroozi pardoned ("Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2005") [#46058], [ID 18490]
"On January 27, authorities released Afsaneh Noroozi from prison after being pardoned for a murder that she and police and forensic experts claimed was in self-defense. Police arrested her in 1997 for killing a senior security and intelligence officer. She claimed she killed him in self-defense after he attempted to rape her. According to AI, police tortured and threatened Noroozi and her husband, eliciting false confessions. In a 2000 trial, she was given the death penalty. Her 2004 retrial was also held behind closed doors but supervised by the judiciary. The court did not change the ruling, but it announced on January 11 that the family had agreed to forgo the death penalty in exchange for blood money. Upon her release the judiciary repeated its rejection of Noroozi's self-defense claim."
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02.03.2006 - Source: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
Human rights groups express concerns over increase in reported executions ("Iran: New Wave Of Executions Raises Concerns") [#45600], [ID 8505]
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27.09.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
Teheran: Farmer sentenced to death in October 2004, apparently convicted of smuggling firearms and opium, is alleged to have confessed under torture; Supreme Court is believed to have upheld sentence this month ("Iran - UA 256/05") [#37095], [ID 8506]
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14.09.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
Lahijan: 19-year-old girl sentenced to death for murder of her aunt ("Iran - UA 239/05") [#36642], [ID 8507]
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12.09.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
22-year-old man scheduled to be executed in Ahvaz on or around 18 September after his sentence was upheld by supreme Court in Tehran; it is believed that he was not granted access to legal representation, and was not able to appeal against his sentence ("Iran - UA 236/05") [#36517], [ID 8508]
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12.09.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
4 Kurdish men, held in Oromiye prison, face imminent execution ("Iran - UA 235/05") [#36518], [ID 8509]
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07.09.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
Oroumiye, West Azerbaijan province: Execution of member of pro-Kurdish Komala Party who was sentenced to death in 2003 after reportedly unfair trial ("Iran - Further Information on UA 236/03") [#36329], [ID 8510]
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05.09.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
Tehran: Man at risk of imminent execution for a murder; his death sentence was upheld by Branch 27 of Supreme Court and could be carried out at any time ("Iran - UA 227/05") [#36270], [ID 8511]
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24.08.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
16-year-old student and 17-year-old musician are at risk of imminent execution for murder ("Iran - UA 220/05") [#35914], [ID 8512]
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11.08.2005 - Source: World Organisation Against Torture
Despite prohibition of article 37 of UN Convention on the Rights of the Child to which Iran is state party, number of juveniles have recently received death sentences ("End child death penalty in Iran") [#36274], [ID 8513]
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27.07.2005 - Source: Human Rights Watch
2 youths executed after they were found guilty of sexually assaulting 13-year-old boy; at least 30 juvenile offenders are on death row ("End Juvenile Executions") [#34533], [ID 8514]
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25.07.2005 - Source: Integrated Regional Information Network
Khorasan: 2 gay teenagers executed in Mashad on charges of homosexuality; prior to executions, teenagers were held in prison for 14 months and severely beaten ("Activists condemn execution of gay teens") [#34431], [ID 8515]
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22.07.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
Mashhad, Poldokhtar: 3 persons executed for crimes committed when they were children (under 18) ("Iran continues to execute minors and juvenile offenders") [#34404], [ID 8516]
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25.05.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
Death penalty, torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading punishments ("Annual Report 2005") [#32306], [ID 8522]
"[...]At least 159 people were executed in 2004, including at least one minor. Scores of others, including at least 10 people who were under 18 at the time the crime was committed were sentenced to death. It was not known how many of these sentences had been upheld by the Supreme Court. The true figures were believed to be considerably higher. The death penalty continued to be handed down for charges such as “enmity against God” or “morality crimes” that did not reflect internationally recognizable criminal charges.
On 15 August, Atefeh Rajabi, reportedly aged 16, was hanged. She was sentenced after a grossly unfair trial during which she was publicly insulted and doubts regarding her mental state appeared to be ignored.
At least 36 people were sentenced to flogging, although the true figure was thought to be significantly higher.
Mohsen Mofidi died in February in Tehran following the imposition of a flogging sentence. No investigation was carried out by the authorities to establish whether he died as a result of the flogging.
In November and December Leyla Mafi, who was reported to be a child offender with mental disabilities, and Hajieh Esmailvand were sentenced to death, the latter reportedly by stoning. They were convicted of prostitution and other acts of immorality (a’mal khalaf-e ‘ofat). Following domestic and international protests both women were granted a stay of execution. Afsaneh Norouzi, who was sentenced to death in 2003, had her case transferred to a conciliation council.
Torture continued to be routine in many prisons.
In July, the head of a prison in Dezful, southern Iran, was dismissed in connection with an incident in which his staff tied an inmate to a ceiling fan, severing circulation to his hands, which then had to be amputated. [...]"
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04.2005 - Source: UK Home Office
executions due to drug trafficking or sexual relations outside marriage ("Country Report - April 2005") [#31980], [ID 8517]
"[...]
5.22 According to the UN, in 1998, the Iranian authorities have said that many of the executions conducted in Iran relate to drug trafficking offences, but no corroborative statistics or information on the protection of human rights policies in dealing with such offenders is available. Numbers of stonings and deaths as a consequence are unclear, though most take place in the larger cities such as Tehran, Hamedan, Isfahan and Kermanshah. All are endorsed by the Supreme Court [10b](pg5), including stoning of women found guilty of sexual relations outside marriage. [10h](pg12) [...]"
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04.2005 - Source: UK Home Office
Death penalty ("Country Report - April 2005") [#31980], [ID 8518]
"[...]According to AI in 2001 there was an instance in which a thirteen year old boy Azizullah Shenwari was sentenced to death for drug trafficking although this was later commuted to life imprisonment and is currently under appeal. [9k] On 28 September 2003 it was announced that the Judiciary had drafted a bill, to be presented to Majlis, raising the minimum age for capital punishment from 15 to18 and excluding children under 12 from all punishment and excluding under 18s from being able to receive jail terms or lashes. [18b] However, according to an AI report on 23 August 2004, "The execution of a girl who was believed to be 16 years old, Ateqeh Rajabi, in Neka in the northern Iranian province of Mazandaran, on 15 August, for "acts incompatible with chastity" (amal-e manafe-ye ‘ofat). Ateqeh Rajabi was reportedly publicly hanged on a street in the city centre of Neka. Amnesty International was alarmed that this execution was carried out despite reports that Ateqeh Rajabi was not believed to be mentally competent, and that she reportedly did not have access to a lawyer at any stage". [9ah] The Bill to raise the minimum age for execution to 18 was reportedly under consideration by parliament in December 2003. However, the Bill is not believed to have been ratified by the Guardian Council, Iran’s highest legislative body. [9ah] In January 2005 AI stated that, "Iran is already a party to international conventions that prohibit child executions, and for the last three years Iranian authorities have been considering legislation that would prohibit the use of the death penalty for offences committed by persons under the age of 18. It is time for Iran to make good on its international promises and stop child executions". [9ai]
5.38 The number of executions recorded by Amnesty International in Iran until June 2001 was 44, [3c] and is recorded as having reached 139 by year's end, although the true figure may be much higher. [9n] According to a written statement submitted by France Liberté, a NGO, to the UN Commission on Human Rights the number of announced executions since the beginning of 2002 - in six months - amounted to 200, indicating a 50 percent rise compared with the same period in 2001. [10s] By February 2003 Amnesty International had recorded a total of at least 111 executions in Iran [9r] and by 28 May 2003, when the Annual Report for 2003 was published, they reported that at least 113 people, including six women, had been executed, many in public. At least two people were reportedly executed by stoning and at least one execution was broadcast on television. [9z] Late last year (2002) the head of the Supreme Administrative court announced a moratorium on the practice of stoning. [21ay] As in previous years, there was a surge in public executions and floggings between July and September. At least 84 people were flogged. The true numbers of executions and floggings may have been considerably higher. Political organizations, for example, reported that 450 people were executed in 2002. [9z](pg3) Amnesty International, in their death sentences and executions statistics for 2003 give a figure of at least 108 executions, [9ad] and for 2004 at least 159. [9aj] [...]"
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16.03.2005 - Source: BBC News
Pakdasht: Serial killer, who murdered at least 20 children, executed in front of large crowd of spectators ("Iran's 'desert vampire' executed") [#30215], [ID 8519]
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08.03.2005 - Source: UN Human Rights Council (formerly UN Commission on Human Rights)
Child exectutions ("Civil and political rights [E/CN.4/2005/NGO/310]") [#30293], [ID 8520]
"[...]As a State party to the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), Iran has undertaken not to execute anyone for an offence committed when they were under the age of 18. Nevertheless, as documented by Amnesty International, Iran has executed at least 159 people last year, including three child offenders. Amnesty International has recorded ten executions of child offenders in Iran since 1990, including Atefeh Rajabi, reportedly aged 16, who was hanged after a grossly unfair trial where doubts regarding her mental state appeared to have been ignored.
In January 2005, the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child urged Iran to immediately suspend the execution of all death penalties imposed on persons for having committed a crime before the age of 18, and to abolish the death penalty as a sentence imposed on persons for having committed crimes before the age of 18, as required by article 37 of the Convention. It also deplored the fact that such executions continue — including one such execution on the day of the examination of the current report. UN Watch joins Amnesty International’s call for Iran to stop executing child offenders and abide by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) to which it is a state party; and urges the Iranian authorities to take immediate steps to halt and abolish the imposition of the death penalty for crimes committed by persons under 18.[...]"
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04.03.2005 - Source: UN Human Rights Council (formerly UN Commission on Human Rights)
Written statement by the International Federation for Human Rights Leagues (FIDH) on freedom of expression, torture, women rights, discrimination against minorities and the death penalty ("Question of the violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms in any part of the world [E/CN.4/2005/NGO/158]") [#30291], [ID 8521]
"[...]The statistics regarding executions are confidential, which makes any assessment difficult. Part of them are carried out in public. Emaddedin Baghi, based on news published in the press, assesses that 116 persons were executed between March 2003 and March 2004, among which two minors. In 2004, the local media reported a total of more than 100 executions. 25 minors have been condemned to death in 2004, and at least two of them were executed, a girl of 16 years old, and a boy who was executed when he reached 18 years old.
At the end of October, a Justice department spokesperson said that a bill would be presented in Parliament abolishing the death penalty and lashing for offenders who were below 18 years old when they committed the crime. However, the Bill has not been adopted yet.
In contradiction with those stated intentions, in November 2004 the permit to hold a meeting in Tehran against the capital punishment for juveniles was denied by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs.[...]"
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28.02.2005 - Source: US Department of State
Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2004 ("Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2004") [#29525], [ID 8523]
"[...]In November 2002, academic Hashem Aghajari was sentenced to death at a closed trial for blaspheming against Islam during a speech in Hamedan. In addition to the death sentence, he was sentenced to 74 lashes, exile to a remote desert location, 8 years in jail, and a ban on teaching for 10 years. In February 2003, the Supreme Court revoked his death sentence, but the case was sent back to the lower court for retrial. In June, the Government announced that the Supreme Court overturned his death sentence. As a result of a retrial in July, the sentence was reduced to 3 years in prison and 2 years suspended sentence in prison, in addition to 5 years "deprivation of social rights." Aghajari was released on bail on July 31 and has announced that he will challenge the court's decision to bar him from publishing articles and speaking in public. [...]"
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25.01.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
Man sentenced to death for his part in the January 2001 attempted hijacking of a 30-seater passenger aircraft; he was scheduled to hang on 19 January, but the Head of the Judiciary ordered a stay of execution the previous day, apparently to allow lawyers to appeal ("Iran - UA 21/05") [#28488], [ID 8524]
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19.01.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
16-year-old student may be at risk of imminent execution for the murder of another student in his high school, which took place between mid-January and mid-February 2003 ("Iran - UA 14/05") [#28345], [ID 8525]
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18.01.2005 - Source: BBC News
The head of country's judiciary intervened to prevent 4 convicted hijackers from being executed; 2 of the hijackers were under 18 at the time of the attempted hijacking ("Iran hijackers escape execution") [#28340], [ID 8526]
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13.01.2005 - Source: BBC News
Woman sentenced to death for killing a police official she said had tried to rape her, pardoned after victim's family agreed to accept compensation instead of seeking her execution ("Iranian rape case woman pardoned") [#28253], [ID 8527]
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11.01.2005 - Source: Amnesty International
Leyla Mafi, who was sentenced to death for "morality-related" offences arising from her being forced into prostitution as a child, is no longer in imminent danger of execution ("Iran - Further Information on UA 332/04") [#28176], [ID 8528]
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19.11.2004 - Source: Amnesty International
Teheran: 9 juveniles reportedly have been sentenced to death; they are at risk of imminent execution ("Iran - UA 315/04") [#27286], [ID 8529]
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14.10.2004 - Source: BBC News
Man sentenced to death for his role in the serial killings of 20 people ("Iran child killer to be executed") [#26410], [ID 8530]
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08.10.2004 - Source: Amnesty International
Woman reportedly sentenced to death for killing her husband ("Sentenced to death for killing abusive husband") [#26326], [ID 8531]
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07.10.2004 - Source: Amnesty International
Woman sentenced to death for the murder of her husband, who allegedly tried to rape her daughter from a previous marriage; she is at risk of imminent execution ("Iran - UA 281/04") [#26206], [ID 8532]
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06.09.2004 - Source: Amnesty International
16 year old Afghan national reportedly sentenced to death by a juvenile court in Karaz; while in detention he confessed to transporting morphine but the cirumstances of the confessions remain unknown ("Iran - UA 262/04") [#25400], [ID 8533]
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03.09.2004 - Source: Amnesty International
Amnesty International and medical experts from 7 countries have sent an open letter to the heads of government in China, Pakistan, the DR Congo, the Philippines, Iran, Sudan and the USA urging them to stop using the death penalty against children ("World: International medical experts urge an end to child executions") [#25321], [ID 8534]
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24.08.2004 - Source: Amnesty International
Member of the Komala party at imminent risk of execution after the death sentence against him was reportedly upheld by the five judges of Branch 32 of the Supreme Court; he was arrested after an unfair trial and also allegedly tortured during his detention ("Iran - Further Information on UA 236/03") [#24989], [ID 8535]
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