16.12.2004 - Source:

Background information on Zomi Revolutionary Organisation/ Zomi Revolutionary Army [ID 7498]

"[...]The purported objective of the ZRO/ZRA is to protect the interests of the Paite community from the ‘onslaught of any community or group’. It further attempts to bring all the Zomi people, divided by artificial State boundaries in various countries, specifically in Myanmar (Chin State), India (Manipur and Mizoram) and Bangladesh (Chittagong Hills Tracts), together under one administrative unit, a ‘Zogam’, which means ‘land of the Zomi’ under the Indian Union. [...]"

Document(s): Open document

16.12.2004 - Source:

Background information on Kuki National Front [ID 7499]

Document(s): Open document

16.12.2004 - Source:

Background information on National Socialist Council of Nagaland - Isak-Muivah [ID 7500]

"[...]The outfit aims to establish a ‘Greater Nagaland’ (‘Nagalim’ or the People’s Republic of Nagaland) based on Mao Tse Tung’s ideology. Its manifesto is based on the principle of Socialism for economic development and a spiritual outlook – ‘Nagaland for Christ’. [...]"

Document(s): Open document

16.12.2004 - Source:

Background information on People’s Republican Army [ID 7501]

Document(s): Open document

16.12.2004 - Source:

Background information on Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup [ID 7502]

"[...]The purported objective of the KYKL is to ‘rebuild’ the Manipuri society by clearing it of all vices like immoral activities, drug trade and corruption. According to the KYKL ‘Public Relations Officer’ S.K. Loya, the group stands for ‘nationalism’ of the entire Northeastern region to be based on the principle of "all for one and one for all". Towards the end of 2001, the outfit launched ‘Operation New Kangleipak’ (ONK), an ‘anti-corruption’ campaign to ‘clean up’ the educational system in Manipur. While the outfit continues its activities under the ONK, it has also pledged open support to other terrorist groups who reportedly work against the narcotics trade, drug addiction, immoral activities and corruption in the society. [...]"

Document(s): Open document

16.12.2004 - Source:

Background information on People’s Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak [ID 7503]

"[...]Claiming to be the "most genuine revolutionary groups" in Manipur, the PREPAK’s main demand is the expulsion of ‘outsiders’ from the State.[...]"

Document(s): Open document

16.12.2004 - Source:

Background information on People’s Liberation Army [ID 7504]

"[...]The PLA aims to organise a revolutionary front covering the entire Northeast and unite all ethnic groups, including the Meiteis, Nagas and Kukis, to liberate Manipur. PLA, though a Meiti outfit, claims itself to be a trans-tribal organisation seeking to lead the non-Meiteis as well. [...]"

Document(s): Open document

16.12.2004 - Source:

Background information on United National Liberation Front [ID 7505]

"[...]The UNLF aims to establish an independent socialist Manipur.[...]"

Document(s): Open document

12.12.2004 - Source:

Background information on Hmar People's Convention- Democracy [ID 7506]

"Hmar People's Convention- Democracy (HPC-D) is an offshoot of the Hmar People's Convention (HPC), which came into existence in 1986, as a political party spearheading a movement for self-government in the north and northeast of Mizoram. The Hmars, who according to the 1991 census, were 12,535 in number in Mizoram, were disappointed with the contents of the Mizo Peace Accord of 1986, which failed to address their demand of a 'Greater Mizoram' integrating all areas inhabited by Hmars in Mizoram, Assam and Manipur under a single administrative unit.[...]"

Document(s): Open document

11.11.2004 - Source: BBC News

Manipur: in separate incidents, 3 non-Manipuri traders and 3 border guards killed by rebels ("Manipur rebels 'check' soldiers") [#26924],  [ID 7510]

Document(s): Open document

10.2004 - Source: UK Home Office

AFSPA ("Country Report - October 2004") [#28325],  [ID 7507]

"[...]
5.29 As stated in the same report, “The Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA) of 1958 remained in effect in Nagaland, Manipur, Assam and parts of Tripura, and a version of this law was in effect in Jammu and Kashmir. Under this Act, the Government has the power to declare any State or Union Territory a ‘disturbed area’, allows security forces to fire on any person if it is considered "necessary for maintenance of law and order;" the authorities can arrest any person "against whom reasonable suspicion exists" with no obligation to inform the detainee of the grounds for arrest; and the authorities are given immunity from prosecution for any acts committed by them in relation to the Act.” [2c](p10-11)

5.30 BBC news reported on 5 August 2004 that thousands of protesters in Manipur campaigned to demand the withdrawal of the Act after a Manipuri woman was found raped and shot by the security forces, however the latter say they need the special powers to fight the separatists. [32dc] Amnesty International made a public statement on 11 August 2004 and called for a review of the Act. "In areas declared as "disturbed" -- such as in the north-east region -- Amnesty International is concerned that the AFSPA:
• facilitates grave human rights violations,
• empowers the security forces to arrest and enter property without warrant,
• gives the security forces powers to use excessive force, including to shoot to kill without members of the security force lives being at imminent risk,
• facilitates impunity because no person can start legal action against any member of the armed forces for anything done under the Act without permission of the Central Government,
• by certain of its provisions violates articles of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)…"[3j]
[...]"

Document(s): Open document

10.2004 - Source: UK Home Office

Disturbed Areas Act ("Country Report - October 2004") [#28325],  [ID 7508]

"[...]
5.31 As reported in the US State Department report 2003, the Disturbed Areas Act remained in effect in several states in which active secessionist movements exist, namely, in Jammu and Kashmir, Nagaland, Manipur, Assam, and parts of Tripura. The Disturbed Areas Act gives police extraordinary powers of arrest and detention.[2c](p3)
[...]"

Document(s): Open document

12.08.2004 - Source: BBC News

Manipur: government has recommended the withdrawal of a controversial anti-terror law ("Bid to axe Manipur 'terror' law") [#24697],  [ID 7509]

Document(s): Open document

05.11.2003 - Source: BBC News

State of Manipur: the chief minister sacked a cabinet minister and two junior ministers for allegedly plotting against his government ("Manipur ministers sacked") [#17436],  [ID 7511]

Document(s): Open document