Source:

Hizb-i Wahdat-i Islami-yi Afghanistan [ID 674]

Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan Founded 1988 by Abdul Ali Mazari, Shiitic clergyman and teacher (Ustad) (killed March 1995) Secretary-General: Mohammad Karim Khalili Members: Shiites, especially Hazara, is supported mainly by businessmen Ideology/Orientation: moderate Islamistic, Hazara-nationalistic 1998: split into Khalili-faction and Akhbari-faction (pro-Taliban)

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Source:

Hizb-e Wahdat Homepage [ID 679]

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Source:

Hizb-e Wahdat Homepage [ID 679]

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Source:

Hizb-e Wahdat Homepage [ID 679]

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29.09.2004 - Source: Human Rights Watch

Hezb-e Wahdat-e Islami-yi Afghanistan (hereafter “Wahdat”) ("The Rule of the Gun. Human Rights Abuses and Political Repression in the Run-up to Afghanistan’s Presidential Election") [#25888],  [ID 675]

"Wahdat is a predominately Hazara faction in Afghanistan, based in central Afghanistan and comprised of several Shia parties, who united in the late 1980s. Wahdat was originally led by Abdul Ali Mazari (killed in 1996) and heavily supported by Iranian sources. Wahdat was allied with Jamiat and Shura-e Nazar forces in 1992 (yet fought with Ittihad in Kabul) and allied with them again after 1996 against the Taliban, but has largely remained an independent force. Wahdat is no longer a unified party. Some of its commanders are allied with Mohammad Mohaqqiq, a northern commander now running for president who served as Minister of Planning in President Karzai’s cabinet until March 2004. Others are allied with Karim Khalili, one of President Karzai’s vicepresidents and now a candidate for second vice president on President Karzai’s ticket."

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24.09.2002 - Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees

Hisb-i-Wahdat-i-Islami ("Aktualisierte Darstellung der Situation in Afghanistan und Überlegungen zum Internationalen Schutz für Afghanen (Stand 10. Juli 2002)") [#8770],  [ID 676]

"Wichtigste schiitische Partei in Afghanistan. Ihre Mitglieder sind vorwiegend Afghanen von der Volksgruppe der Hasara. Gegründet 1988 mit Unterstützung des Iran als Vereinigung von neun schiitischen Parteien. Geführt von Abdul Ali Masari bis zu dessen Tod im Gewahrsam der Taliban im Februar 1995. Spaltung 1993: Mohammad Karim Khalili führt die Hisb-i-Wahdat mit Sitz in Bamian/Yakawlong, während der eng mit der Regierung von Burhanuddin Rabbani verbundene Mohammad Akbari bis zur Machtübernahme der Taliban 1996 in Kabul blieb. Im November 1998 ergab sich Mohammad Akbari den Taliban, während die andere Splittergruppe der Hisb-i-Wahdat unter der Führung von Khalili und Hadschi Muhammed Mohakiik (der die Partei in Mesar-i-Scharif vertrat) in Hasaradschat aktiv gegen die Taliban kämpfte. Mohakiik war Planungsminister und einer der fünf Vizevorsitzenden in der Interimsregierung von Afghanistan. In der ITAA bekleidet er weiterhin den Posten des Planungsministers. Diese Gruppe wird in der ITAA außer durch Mohakiik durch Abdul Karim Khalili, einen der fünf Vizepräsidenten, und Said Mustafa Kasemi, den Handelsminister, vertreten."

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hcr-afg-poslong0702de.pdf

15.08.2002 - Source: Committee to Protect Journalists

ICG: Khalili wants to transform Wahdat into strong Nazara nationalist movement ("Liberia: CPJ expresses renewed concern about safety and whereabouts of journalist") [#8275],  [ID 677]

"Karim Khalili, the Hazara leader who heads the Hezb-i-Wahadat party, is also working aggressively to create a strong party structure. Wahadat has also started schools and cultural centres. Khalili is trying transform it into a Hazara nationalist movement while moving away from mullahs and Iranian influence in this mostly Shi’a party. As an ethnic and religious minority in Afghanistan the Hazaras have long argued for increased regional
autonomy as a safe-guard for their rights. However, Khalili has recently tempered this by promoting a more egalitarian Afghan nationalism."

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03.2000 - Source: Johnson, Chris

Chris Johnson: Hizb-i-Wahdat was formed in 1989, in part at least due to pressure from Iran ("Hazarajat Baseline Study — Interim Report") [#6501],  [ID 678]

"Hizb-i-Wahdat was formed in 1989, in part at least due to pressure from Iran. For a time it brought a measure of unity to Hazarajat and following the downfall of Najib’s government in 1992 it became one of the main political forces in the country. Wahdat mobilised its support around a common core of Hazara identity. Whilst officially it has an Islamist framing and is not an exclusive party, in reality it is a Hazara movement with a strong tone of nationalism. Although it brought together all key Hazara groups, perhaps because they couldn’t afford to be marginalised, it was dominated by Pasdaran and Nasr - and the clergy were as dominant in Wahdat as they had been in these groups. The multi-ethnic Harakat split and the Hazara factions joined Wahdat. The mir became re-integrated into Wahdat, though they never acquired their former status. Also those from radical secular groups were brought back as their skills were needed. The party had a measure of popular support in Kabul and took on some of the functions of a civilian organisation as well as a military one. Mazari, Wahdat’s first leader, did his religious studies in Najaf and Qom and brought together ethnic, religious and political leadership. He was captured and later killed in 1993 during the fall of west Kabul to the Taliban. The party moved its HQ to Bamiyan and Khalili, a prominent Shia intellectual and mullah, took over. Akbari, then a relatively unknown person whose forefathers were Quizilabash traders from Kabul who bought lands and then went to Najaf in Iraq and later to Iran, split off from Khalili. The struggle between these two men and their followers was responsible for much of the insecurity in Hazarajat in the years up to the Taliban take-over."

Document(s): Open document
afg-hazara-cjohn.pdf